Which water heater to choose for the bathroom - Best tips for the right purchase! (76 photos). How to choose the right water heater for a bathroom? How to choose a water heater for a bathroom

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With a question about where to install the water heater, modern people You don’t have to rack your brains for a long time, since in our apartments there are only two more or less acceptable places to install them - the bathroom or toilet. But many people are faced with the question of which water heater is best to choose for the bathroom, and getting an answer to it is very difficult. We will solve this issue in this article together with the website - we will consider all existing household water heaters for their installation in the bathroom. Along the way, we will find the most suitable places for them.

Which water heater is better to choose photo

It's no secret that almost all modern water heaters can be divided into two large groups– storage and flow. To be more precise, there is also a third group - the so-called alternative water heating systems, but we will leave them for a snack, since most people simply cannot afford them. Let's start with the most common - storage water heaters.

Which water heater is better to choose: storage tanks

It is no secret that storage water heaters are the most common today - they are also called. Round or flattened containers can be found in almost every second apartment or house, and they are used for hot water supply to both the apartment as a whole and to supply heated water to one single plumbing fixture. Main advantage similar devices for heating water is their relatively low energy consumption and the constant availability of a supply of heated liquid. As for their shortcomings, then, undoubtedly, these are the dimensions - in order to ensure hot water family of three, you will need to hang a hundred-liter container on the wall.

A storage water heater for a bathroom can have different designs and differ from each other as if they were our own technical characteristics(the main one is energy consumption), and appearance. If in terms of consumption electrical energy They are almost all the same (1.5-2.5 kW), but the differences in design and appearance can be quite significant. Concerning design features such devices, the most important of them, affecting the durability of the water heater, is the type of heating element. In this regard, they can be divided into two types - boilers with a dry heating element (the heating element does not have contact with water) and a wet heating element. The latter last much less, since salts and other water impurities quickly destroy them.

Now regarding the installation location. Typically, instantaneous storage water heaters are installed on the wall of a bathroom or. The disadvantage of this approach to business is two points: firstly, it significantly reduces the volume of the room (in most cases these are large containers) and secondly, it is not very pleasant to have such a weighty structure hanging over your head. In this regard, you need to pay attention to flat water heating tanks - they take up much less space and, one might say, practically do not hang over your head. Moreover, they are much easier to install in a niche. The most interesting place, in which I have come across a boiler of this type, it is under the bathroom - a very interesting solution in that it allows you to use wasted space to good effect. The thickness of such a tank is 300 mm - in its pure form it will not fit under the bathtub. But if you make a niche to a depth, then it fits completely. The niche should be made as close as possible to the front side of the bathtub - in this case there will be no problems when pulling it out if necessary during repairs or maintenance of the tank.

To the question of which is the best storage water heater for a bathroom, you can safely answer – flat. It can easily be placed both on and in a niche prepared for it, and at the same time it will not clutter up the room.

How to choose the right water heater: flow-through devices

In most cases, people's decisions in favor of choice storage water heater The high energy consumption of flow-through devices of this type plays a role - in order to draw half a bath of water with their help, you will need to burn several kilowatts of energy. In addition, due to their design, they are not able to provide a reserve hot water. At this point, you need to look at it from a slightly different angle - despite the fact that the storage tank makes this reserve, you won’t be able to use it. If there is no pressure in the water supply, then there is no water supply from the tank. In all other respects, the bathroom is most attractive. Among its advantages are its compactness and almost instantaneous heating of water.

In this video you can see how an instantaneous water heater works.

When approaching the question of how to choose an instantaneous electric water heater, the first thing you need to pay attention to is the types. And there may be three of them.

It should also be noted that all instantaneous water heaters can be divided according to the type of fuel (energy) used - there are both electric devices of this type and gas ones. The latter are better known as columns, and their efficiency is much greater - such water heaters can heat up to 15 or more liters of water in a minute. Naturally, if possible, it is better to choose a water heater of this type - it is fully capable of providing hot water to all consumers in a house or apartment. Another thing is that such devices cannot be installed everywhere - for example, in some apartment buildings chimneys are not provided for them. No matter how hard you try, no government agency will issue permission to install them.

Which electric water heater to choose is a serious question. And in most cases, it depends on many factors - the number of people living in the house or apartment, their personal preferences (if you are not going to swim in the bathroom, then the simplest of heaters will do) and even the condition. Old communications simply cannot withstand such loads, so when installing instantaneous, and, in principle, storage electric water heaters, you will have to think about new wiring.

Solar water heater photo

In conclusion, I will add only one thing - it would be wrong to ignore innovative technologies, which are also called alternative methods of heating water. Residents of the private sector have a unique opportunity to keep up with the times and take advantage of free natural energy. Agree, it’s tempting! For them, the answer to the question of which water heater is better to choose may be solar collector– modern devices of this type are capable of not only providing the house with hot water, but also heating it in the winter.

Electric water heaters are devices that can solve the problem of an unstable supply of hot water or completely ensure the supply of it.

According to the principle of operation, devices are divided into gas, flow and storage. The last 2 types are popular.

Making a choice is not easy, so it’s worth familiarizing yourself with the features of electric instantaneous water heaters.

Operating principle of electric flow heaters

The device increases the temperature of the liquid passing through it using a heating element - a tubular electric heater (TEN) or an open spiral.

The first type is more common, because the part is easier to replace in case of failure. An open spiral is used in compact devices.

The heater is turned on when water is supplied through the inlet. When the flow stops, the device shuts down.

The presence of liquid supply is monitored by a sensor, which sends a corresponding signal to the heating element or coil.

The required temperature of the element is reached in a few seconds, after which the device simply maintains it. Hot water from the tank is supplied to the user through the outlet.

What are the benefits of using instantaneous water heaters for showers?

Among the advantages of instantaneous electric water heaters for showers are the following:

1. Speed ​​of work. You don't have to wait long to get hot water: heating takes a few seconds after the first switch on, then the temperature is maintained constantly.
2. Economical. The device uses exactly as much liquid as needed. In storage devices, water is supplied to the tank, so the volume may be too large or insufficient. However, if used regularly, the flow device will consume a lot of electricity.
3. Compactness. The faucet attachment for heating water takes up little space. It can be installed even in a relatively small bathroom or cubicle.

What are the disadvantages

Before purchasing a device, you should consider several nuances:

High power	Most models require a separate power line to operate. Theoretically, you can connect the device to the electric stove cable, but you will have to use them separately, otherwise an overload will occur.
Danger	If you need to provide water to the entire house, you will have to install several devices, or one, but powerful one (more than 25 kW). This level potentially creates a threat to life, since the chance of failure is higher.
Fast cooling	In a flow device, the liquid will be hot as long as there is electricity. In the storage device, the water in the tank remains warm for an hour after being turned off. The problem can be eliminated by erecting additional structures, but in most cases this is impractical.
Lack of scale protection	If the water is hard, the flow model will sooner or later fail. Despite constant circulation, salts will gradually be deposited. Even a filter will not correct the situation, although it will extend the service life.

Selecting the type of instantaneous water heater

When choosing instantaneous water heater for bathroom, kitchen or country house 4 main factors are taken into account: type of management, availability additional functions, performance and power.

Budget models have only basic options. In advanced ones you can find the following functions:

1. Thermal limiter. A sensor that prevents heating can extend the life of the device and protect the user from burns.
2. Child lock. The function will not allow the child to use the device, but it can be replaced by limiting the temperature.
3. High precision temperature sensor. A useful feature that allows you to set the heat to an exact level. Its presence is especially important when the water pressure is unstable.
4. Economy mode. When used for a long time, the heater automatically reduces the water temperature.
5. Remote Control. Allows you to switch modes from a distance.

An important criterion is the type of management. The difference isn't just price: hydraulic devices have several limitations.

1. Mechanically controlled devices always start with maximum power, even if the user has set the mode in advance. This may cause burns.
2. Another disadvantage is the fixed temperature delta. Most often it is 25°C. If ice water (+5°C) is supplied in winter, then you will get cool water (+30°C) at the output. This is enough for washing your hands, but not for a shower.

The cost of electronically controlled devices is due to the presence of additional sensors, a microchip and heating elements with multi-stage power adjustment.

They not only add many options, but also provide flexible functionality.

When choosing a pressure device, aesthetes should pay attention to appearance housings.

Selection by water consumption, productivity

When calculating productivity, you should consider your own goals and needs.

If the heater will be in the kitchen and provide you with water for washing dishes, 2-4 l/min will be enough.

For a bath you will need a more powerful device - 8-10 l/min.

A water heater for a shower cabin should have a capacity of 4-8 l/min.

If the device will serve several rooms at the same time, you should select the flow rate for the largest point of water consumption and multiply it by 1.5.

By power

The pressure (indirectly) and heating depend on the power of the device. It is more difficult to calculate the parameter, since the temperature of the supplied water may vary.

In addition, +40°C is considered a comfortable level for a shower, and +55°C for a kitchen sink. This is important for disinfection and grease removal.

With a power of 3.5 kW in summer you will be able to take a shower, but the stream will be thin.

In winter, such a heater for running water will not cope with the task, since the temperature of the supplied liquid at the inlet will be much lower. The difference reaches 20°C.

5-7 kW is still not enough for comfort, but the water heater will be able to cover you in most emergency situations.

In cold areas, the device will not cope with heating in winter.

Electric instantaneous water heaters with a power of more than 12 kW are suitable for solving any problem.

However, if it is necessary to service several points at the same time, it is better to give preference to more efficient models - from 20 kW.

Typical mistakes when choosing

1. Purchasing an instantaneous water heater without temperature control and sensors. If there are differences, a budget device can burn the user.
2. Purchasing a device without first consulting an electrician. Installation requires a separate line. The main factor to consider is the power allocated to the home. In old buildings with 16 A plugs, it is impossible to install devices whose power exceeds 3.5 kW. In new buildings with 32-40 A plugs, another limitation is 6 kW.
3. Lack of accounting for working pressure. With low pressure, the sensors of some models will not respond to the water supply. Most devices operate at a pressure of 0.5 bar, but this detail should be clarified.

Separation by operating principle

Its functionality depends on the type of device. For example, a portable water heater with a shower head can be taken with you on the road, but such devices have low power and are not able to provide comfortable pressure.

Gravity flow water heaters

Non-pressure devices are equipped with a separate shower head and are connected to only one point.

This option can be convenient for a summer residence or in case of an accident.

Non-pressure electric direct-flow water heaters work only with those nozzles that are included in the package.

This is important to consider, because after installation you will have 2 watering cans: from the mixer and from the device.

Electric pressure water heater

Pressure devices are more convenient and versatile.

Instantaneous water heaters for showers can be connected either to one point or to a riser.

This allows hot water to be used throughout the entire house.

The cost of such devices is higher, so it is advisable to purchase them for frequent or regular use.

For maximum comfort, you should choose an instantaneous water heater with electronic control.

Hydraulic models are less versatile, so they are not suitable for everyone.

It is advisable to install a separate filter in advance, since the built-in ones do not fully cope with the task.

The cost of pressure devices is quite high (from 10,000), so it is recommended to worry about their durability in advance.

Rating of the best instantaneous heaters for the home

Power - 6.5 kW, productivity - 3.7 l/min. The device has a hydraulic control type, connects to the mixer and serves only 1 point.

However, its characteristics are sufficient for replacement during seasonal summer prevention.

For regular or winter use, it is better to consider a different device.

The package includes a water heater with shower and tap.

There is a sensor for automatic shutdown and a thermostat that protects against overheating. The price of the device is from 2500 to 4500 rubles.

An inexpensive non-pressure device that can protect you in the event of an accident.

Heater power - 6.5 kW, productivity - 4.5 l/min.

The device is as compact as possible: the weight of the entire structure is only 1.19 kg.

The device has a built-in filter and overheat protection.

The temperature delta is +35°C, which will allow you to get hot water even in the fall.

However, in winter, the heater is most often useless: for correct operation, the inlet liquid temperature must be +16°C. The price of the device is from 2600 to 4200 rubles.

Atmor Lotus 3.5 (faucet)

Great option for kitchen. The productivity is only 2 l/min, but this is enough for washing dishes.

Total power - 3.5 kW. The device is equipped with a cord and plug, so it can be used both at home and in the country.

The inlet water temperature should be +14°C.

The manufacturer claims that the device is capable of heating liquid up to +50°C, but in reality the figures only reach +40°C, sometimes Hyundai H-IWR1-5P-UI061/CS+30°C.

For this reason, the alternative shower assembly is not popular. Cost - from 2000 to 2700 rubles.

Non-pressure water heater equipped with several nozzles: shower and Electrolux NPX 6 Aquatronic Digital faucet.

Productivity is 3.6 l/min, power is 5.5 kW.

The device will allow you to wash off the foam if the water is turned off at the wrong time, but this is not enough for a comfortable shower.

There are pressure and overheating sensors.

A mesh filter is installed at the inlet. The price of the device is from 2100 to 2800 rubles.

Pressure water heater with the following characteristics: power is only 5.7 kW, and productivity is 2.8 l/min.

This is less than some non-pressure models.

However, the device allows you to use hot water at several points.

Another advantage is electronic type management.

The heating element is made of steel and vibrates during operation, therefore reducing the chance of sediment. The price of the device is from 7600 to 8800 rubles.

Pressure flow heater trusted company.

There are built-in pressure and overheating sensors, and a spare thermal relay.

This makes the model safe and reliable. However, the heater cannot provide mass heating: the power is 7.5 kW, productivity is 5 l/min.

The device will satisfy most needs, but it will not be suitable for fully providing several rooms with hot water.

Another drawback is the hydraulic control. Price - from 15,000 to 18,000 rubles.

Elite flow heater. Productivity - 5 l/min, power - 8 kW.

To operate the device, a small inlet pressure is sufficient - only 0.5 Bar.

The model is equipped with a touch panel and LCD display. Maximum heating temperature +55°C, minimum +20°C.

It will not be possible to use several bathtubs and a kitchen sink at the same time, but the device is suitable for simultaneously washing dishes and showering. The price of the device is 21,600 rubles.

The optimal combination of price and quality makes this instantaneous water heater popular.

Productivity reaches 4.2 l/min, and power - 8.8 kW.

Available temperature range +30…+60°C.

The selection interval is only 1°C.

There is built-in scale protection, a diagnostic system and the ability to configure individual temperature conditions.

The main disadvantage is big size. The price of the device is from 14,100 to 16,000 rubles.

Instantaneous electric water heaters are convenient devices that allow you to maintain the supply of hot water in the event of an accident, preventive maintenance or lack of a system.

You should select a device carefully, since its capabilities depend on the type and characteristics.

The problem of hiding a water heater in the bathroom arises when installing an autonomous hot water line, which allows you not to depend on preventive shutdowns of hot water. In addition to the bathroom, the boiler can be placed in the kitchen, hallway, toilet, hallway. Furniture, frame systems, architectural elements or design techniques.

Among traditional, modern energy carriers for the conditions of the Russian Federation, a worthy alternative to natural gas in centralized systems there is no supply. This guide discusses the installation of an electric water heater, which heats water exclusively when the hot water supply is turned off or gas lines are prevented in apartments with water heaters using this type of fuel.

That is, the water heater is an additional source of boiling water for baths, faucets, and showers. And the owner wants to hide the boiler in the bathroom or other rooms of the apartment to increase the decorative value of the interiors. In this case, the heater can be used for one plumbing fixture or supply hot water to all faucets in the house.

Connection diagrams

Clause 6.37 of SNiP 2.04.08 prohibits the installation of gas appliances in bathrooms for the following reasons:

• room volume is less than 15 m³ (6 m² with standard height ceilings);
• there is no chimney according to SNiP 2.04.05, and it is prohibited to connect a column to the ventilation hood;
• There is no window with an opening transom in the room.

Taking into account the above, water heaters should be used in apartments electric type. During scheduled boiler room maintenance in the absence of hot water supply, residents will be provided with hot water from a boiler or instantaneous heater.

To install a boiler in the bathroom without violating the SP, PUE, you must perform the following sequence of actions:

• piping the water heater water system;
• connection to 220 V power supply.

Tying is done according to the following scheme:

• insertion into cold water and hot water lines after riser valves;
• a safety valve with a drain line is installed at the entrance to the boiler;
• after it a drain tap/valve is installed.

When connecting the electrical part, it is necessary to use an RCD or a circuit breaker as required by the water heater manufacturer in its data sheet.

Thus, two flexible hoses in a metal braid depart from the storage wall-mounted boiler or instantaneous water heater, a drainage tube that must be connected to the sewer system.

For power supply, there must be a 220 V socket with grounding nearby, differential machine or RCD device. There are two shut-off valves at the cold water inlet, and one tap at the hot water outlet. That is, hidden installation will require additional space, and the device itself cannot be removed far from the water supply and sewage system.

Details about electrical wiring and installation of electrical equipment in the bathroom are written in.

Flow or storage heater

An electric water device should be selected according to its characteristics:

In 85% of cases, apartment owners in the Russian Federation choose a storage boiler:

• 30 l – for one user;
• 70 l – married couple;
• 150 l – for all water intake points;
• 210 l – large family, boiler for kitchen and bathroom.

There are storage heaters of the following types:

• wall;
• floor;
• vertical;
• horizontal;
• flat;
• short, large diameter;
• narrow elongated;
• pressure;
• atmospheric.

For spare hot water supply lines, used only at the time of shutdown of the central hot water supply or maintenance of the gas pipeline of the dispenser, only direct-acting heaters with electric heating elements are used. Indirect heating devices with heat exchangers are not suitable for these purposes.

Water heater installation location

The easiest way is to install the boiler near the existing water supply distribution in the area between the hot water supply/hot water supply risers and the plumbing fixture farthest from them. That is, in the toilet, bathroom, kitchen. The adjacent rooms – corridor, hallway – are used less often.

Modern boilers have a nice body design that does not require camouflage. Electrical appliances can be used in the interior, and techniques can be used to make the water heater invisible. There are modifications specifically designed for installation under a sink with a maximum volume of 30 liters.

Despite this, many users prefer to install water heaters hidden - in niches, cabinets, on mezzanines, inside gypsum board boxes.

Combined bathroom

Used a combined bathroom in standard series"Khrushchev" houses. Accordingly, hidden installation is used during the renovation of secondary real estate. In this case, you can hide the storage heater in several ways:

In the last two options, connecting the device to the water supply is very inconvenient, expensive, and potentially dangerous due to the possibility of leaks.

Bathroom

A separate bathroom was included in the Stalinist and Brezhnevok projects. The layout of an apartment with a separate toilet and bathroom dramatically increases the flow capacity of the bathroom in the morning, when the whole family is engaged in hygiene procedures at the same time.

To install the water heater correctly, you should consider the following nuances:

• minimum bathroom dimensions 1.4x1.75 m;
• there is very little free space, washing machine does not fit;
• there are no risers for water supply or sewerage, that is, no niches are provided, boxes are not made;
• one rotary mixer is used for the bath and sink or two taps for each plumbing fixture separately;
• one side wall is occupied by a bathtub, a heated towel rail is attached to the other;
• A wall cabinet is usually attached above the moydodyr.

There are fewer options for masking the water heater for this room than in the previous case:

• mezzanine above the door with blinds or doors;
• blinds over the bath;
• cabinet under the washbasin.

You can hide the boiler above the bathroom with horizontal metal blinds.

Attention: Electrical wiring wet areas should be placed inside a plastic corrugation. The housing of the device must be in accordance with the PUE standards. The water heater must be installed on a separate line with circuit breaker and RCD or difavtomat. It is forbidden to use a heated towel rail for this purpose. water pipes, fittings inside the walls of the building.

Now there are RCDs that are placed between the device and the socket.

If the apartment is remodeled to combine a bathroom, the options for hidden placement of the boiler from the previous paragraph of this guide are used.

Toilet

The smallest room in the apartment is the toilet in the separate bathroom. On the other hand, this is where the cold water/hot water supply risers, drainage systems are located, water flow metering devices are located, shut-off valves, filtering devices. Therefore, the project often includes a niche behind the toilet, or the apartment owner hides communications inside the gypsum plasterboard box himself.

These designs usually disguise the storage water heater. Access to it for maintenance/repair is provided by installing a sanitary inspection hatch. A boiler in a niche can be decorated by installing blinds.

The dimensions of the restroom - minimum 0.8x1.2 m, maximum 1x1.5 m - do not allow the use of other options for hidden placement of a water heating electrical appliance in this room.

Kitchen

Of all the options considered, the kitchen is the largest room. However, inside it it is necessary to combine several zones for different purposes:

• dining room - table, chairs or kitchen corner;
• cooking - stove, oven, cutting table, sink;
• storage of equipment, products - refrigerator, wall and floor cabinets.

In some apartments, there is one more utility system in the kitchen - there is a gas pipeline riser on which a gas meter is installed.

On the other hand, in Khrushchev and Brezhnevka buildings, under the kitchen windows, a niche was usually made for a refrigerator measuring 75x75 cm with a depth of 25 cm. In the internal space of this cavity, a horizontal flat storage water heater with a volume of 50 liters can be placed. Manufacturers produce boilers with a tank at least 23 cm thick.

The remaining installation options are similar to the previous methods:

• mezzanine;
• wall cabinet;
• under the sink in the cabinet;
• inside the gypsum board box.

The further the boiler is located from the water supply, the more difficult it is to mask the routing of hoses and cables. You will have to ditch the walls or install frames for plasterboard false panels, which leads to loss of kitchen workspace.

Corridor and hallway

The only rooms in the apartment adjacent to the kitchen and bathroom are the hallways and corridors. Therefore, there are options for installing a boiler inside them:

Having decided on the installation location, the connection diagram of the water heater to the pipes and the power supply line, you should choose an architectural design that fits beautifully into the interior of the room.

Designs for masking the boiler

On initial stage It should be taken into account that manufacturers of water heaters provide at least an average level of decorative value for the body of the water heater, meaning its installation on walls or on the floor without additional camouflage.

Thus, choosing a ready-made cabinet for a bath, hallway, kitchen or corridor, inside which a water heater will ideally fit, without gaps and dismantling some shelves, is a very difficult task. Since the owner does not yet have either a cabinet or a boiler, he runs around the shops and compares their mutual dimensions until they are completely compatible.

The exception is “under the sink”, “under the sink” boilers installed in floor cabinets. However, they are all low-power, since it is physically impossible to stuff large-volume tanks into small-sized furniture.

Therefore, structures inside which a storage water heater can be hidden are usually built by a home craftsman himself.

Box

A box is a structure that protrudes outward relative to the plane of the wall. Roughly speaking, this is a cabinet made of gypsum plasterboard sheets screwed onto a frame made of galvanized profile. Unlike a cabinet, the structure is stationary and non-removable. Instead of a door for access to the internal space, it is used - hinged, sliding, push-button, removable.

The box manufacturing technology is as follows:

The box can be vertical from the ceiling to the floor or half the length of the wall, horizontal, stepped, of a complex configuration, depending on where the water supply and boiler are located.

Niche behind the toilet

Unlike the previous option, the niche is sewn up with one panel; there are no sides.

Material consumption is reduced and the labor intensity of the process is reduced.

A popular way to disguise engineering systems and water heaters in the niche behind the toilet are blinds, as in the bottom photo.

Pipes may interfere with fixing the electrical appliance to the wall using standard fasteners. In this case, brackets or special fastening systems are used.

Adjustable fastening system made of profile perforated pipe with brackets.

In this case, a stepped box is used, the wall is built up only above the toilet.

Niche under the kitchen window

Step-by-step instructions for hidden installation of a storage water heater in a niche under a kitchen window are as follows:

Access to the water heater body is necessary in order to clean the tank from scale and change the anodic protection electrodes.

Mezzanine

IN standard version The mezzanine shelf is used to store household items. In this case, the purpose of this architectural structure changes. The shelf is equipped with blinds or doors, and a storage boiler is installed on it. The sequence of operations for manufacturing a mezzanine for a water heater is as follows:

Attention: Only horizontal models of water heaters must be installed on the mezzanine. It is not allowed to lay vertical boilers on their sides.

Wall cabinet

The option of installing a single-circuit electric boiler in an industrially manufactured wall cabinet is the least labor-intensive, but the most costly in terms of finances. The main installation nuances are:

• the standard cabinet fasteners will not support the weight of a storage heater with a full tank of water;
• the boiler is attached directly to the wall, either through the back wall of the furniture, or after its dismantling;
• to connect to sewerage, cold water, and hot water circuits, it is best to install water sockets inside the cabinet on the wall of the room;
• to connect to a 220 V network, put it into the cabinet in the same way electric outlet with grounding.

Plastic and composite pipes are always cheaper than long flexible metal hoses and last several times longer.

Closet

The interior solution “boiler inside a wardrobe” is optimal for a corridor or hallway. It is in these rooms that such furniture is used most often, and they are located in close proximity to the bathroom and kitchen. You can connect to the sewer/water supply through the wall. To do this, the back or side wall of the wardrobe must be the enclosing structure of a bath, toilet or kitchen.

The design of the built-in wardrobe is extremely simple - the doors move from ceiling to floor on rollers along guides, there are no side or rear walls. Allotted for the boiler top part one furniture compartment; standard shelves for storing things are installed in the remaining space.

Floor stand

Due to the small size of bathroom cabinets and floor cabinets for kitchen sinks, it is impossible to fit a large-volume storage single-circuit electric boiler inside this furniture. Single-door cabinets accommodate a device with a maximum 30 liter tank, double-door cabinets - with a 80 liter tank.

Water heaters are installed on a cabinet shelf or attached to the wall of the room, and may have legs.

Masking with finishing materials

The body of the electric boiler has a traditional geometric shape and standard colors. A similar design is observed in a microwave, refrigerator, and washing machine, which are not usually disguised, since this reduces the quality of their operation.

Therefore, the white body of the water heater logically fits into the interior of the kitchen, bath, toilet, and combined bathroom, and is not rejected on a subconscious level. In addition, there are techniques for visually disguising a single-circuit electric boiler in the interior:

Hiding a boiler using these methods is much cheaper than making architectural elements in the rooms.

Thus, an electric boiler can be installed in several rooms of the apartment with equal efficiency. Design techniques, factory cabinets, manufactured with my own hands architectural elements - mezzanines, gypsum board boxes, false panels with inspection hatches.

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The growing popularity of water heaters is associated with the desire of people to shower in comfortable conditions all year round. The modern heating equipment market offers a wide selection of models. You can choose the most suitable option from them if you have all the necessary information in full.

So, all water heaters are divided into two groups:

• gas,
• electric.

Gas models are not suitable for all premises and their installation requires additional permission and financial resources. This fact makes electric models the most popular and purchased, the installation of which does not have such strict restrictions.

Electric water heaters

According to the principle of operation, the equipment is divided into:

• flow-through,
• storage (boilers).

The choice of device should be made depending on the hot water needs of the users. For example, to ensure such needs as washing hands, a flow-through model will be quite sufficient, but for taking a shower the best option there will be a boiler.

A instantaneous water heater for a bathroom is a small tank with a heating element inside: running water enters the tank, washes the heating element and, having acquired the desired temperature, is supplied outside. The lower the water flow rate, the higher the outlet water temperature. To the benefits of this equipment include:

• possibility of filing warm water in unlimited quantities;
• no need for regular maintenance;
• affordable price;
• compact dimensions;
• ease of installation;
• higher efficiency compared to boilers.

The disadvantages include increased consumption electricity and the ability to provide one water collection point. In some cases, it may be necessary to install additional electrical wiring and power the heater through the machine.

Storage models can have a volume of 10-150 liters and a power of 3 kW or higher. Inside the equipment there is a heating element (heating element). The undeniable advantage of a storage water heater for the bathroom is economical energy consumption combined with the ability to connect the device to any outlet. When installing this unit, you get the opportunity to use 3 water collection points simultaneously. The disadvantages of boilers include gradual heating of water. However, by heating the liquid to the desired temperature, the boiler maintains it for a long time. From time to time, such a water heater needs maintenance, which consists of cleaning the heating element from plaque and replacing the magnesium anode, which protects the tank from corrosion. Considering the fact that today you can purchase both “wet” (the heating element is immersed in water) and “dry” (the heating element is located in a flask and does not come into contact with water), to solve the problem of scale formation on heating element it just got easier. Boilers with “dry” heating elements are more durable and reliable. The tank of the device can be made of plastic, ceramics, of stainless steel or copper. The highest heat transfer is observed in equipment with a copper tank.

Boiler installation

Installation of a storage water heater in a bathroom can be vertical or horizontal. Horizontal installation is carried out in small areas; in all other cases, vertical installation is preferable. Why? It's simple - in a vertical boiler, water is naturally divided into hot and cold. Lighter hot water rises, while cold water goes down. A pipe intended for intake cold water, mounted at the bottom of the unit, a pipe is installed on top for the outlet of the heated liquid.

In horizontal models, the pipes for cold and hot water are located at a considerable distance from each other, while the water in the tank is mixed and does not have a given temperature at the outlet. The result is that vertical models provide a more stable temperature.

Gas water heaters

Connection gas equipment is carried out only through the permitting system. If such permission is obtained, the installation of the device must be carried out in the specified location, and exclusively by specialists gas industry. Self-installation gas equipment is strictly prohibited.

Gas water heaters are divided into the following groups:

• flow-through,
• floor,
• double-circuit (wall-mounted or floor-mounted).

Flow equipment models ( geysers) are the most popular. With their help, you can very quickly heat a significant volume of water. The column is turned on when the hot water tap is opened, and turned off after the tap is closed. But it should be taken into account that for this device to operate, a full-fledged chimney must be installed. Comfort and safety of using a geyser is ensured by a triple protection system. In case of leakage, overheating or lack of traction, the unit turns off automatically.

A floor-standing water heater combines the advantages of a gas water heater and a boiler. The burner power can reach 26 kW, volume – 280 liters. Like floor model, he needs a chimney. The design and installation of such a water heating system must be carried out by highly qualified specialists.

Wall-mounted and floor-mounted double-circuit boilers ensure the operation of the heating and hot water supply systems. They are created in such a way that if it is necessary to perform two tasks simultaneously, one of them is carried out with higher priority.

To meet household needs, the minimum productivity of a flow-type device is 4.5 l/min. If you decide to opt for a storage tank, then a 10-15 liter model is sufficient for washing dishes and hands, at least 50 liters for taking a shower, and 80 liters or more for taking hot baths.

For one user, a unit with a volume of 30-50 liters is sufficient for showering, washing and washing dishes; to meet the same needs, a young family will need a heater with a volume of 80-100 liters.