What material to cover the outside of a wooden house. How to decorate the outside of a house - affordable solutions

New wooden house always pleases with freshness and naturalness. The magnificent aroma is present everywhere - both inside the house and next to it. The wood from which the house is built is a gift from nature. The task of man is to extend the life of this beautiful natural material, which finishing will help to cope with wooden house outside with modern materials.

There are different types of wooden houses - log and timber. As a rule, log houses are not sheathed, because they are warm and beautiful in themselves. We will talk about houses made of timber, which require insulation and, accordingly, cladding.

Finishing the facade of a wooden house is a creative process, and the result depends on the taste and financial capabilities of the owner. The structure can be clad with natural wood or artificial materials. Types such as plastering or brickwork are alternative options for finishing a house made of timber.

Block house and lining are the most popular wooden cladding materials. A house finished with any of these building materials retains the natural beauty of wood and naturalness. The possibility of installing waterproofing and insulating layers under the cladding also attracts the attention of developers.

Wooden lining- This is a planed board with a profile for installation. Eurolining (a type of lining) is a higher quality and durable material for facade finishing timber house.

Finishing with clapboard is a fairly easy-to-use and affordable way to make your home warm and beautiful. This sheathing material has high sound and heat insulation properties, durability and environmental friendliness. Eurolining is a more popular material, despite its high cost.

During operation, periodic painting and treatment of the walls with an antiseptic is required.

Block house outwardly resembles a natural log house, so it is used mainly as the exterior decoration of a wooden house. Imitation of the surface of a rounded log is a characteristic feature of this material, made from lumber left over from the production of timber.

If individual elements are damaged, they can be replaced without much difficulty. The quality characteristics are in no way inferior to wooden lining, but the cost is much higher.

How else can you cover a timber house?

Planed board from 4 cm thick, stuffed onto the lathing according to the “cone” principle (one board fits under the other) - the most budget option when deciding the question “How to decorate the facade of a wooden house?” The appearance of the house can turn out to be quite decent, and even original.

Planed board cladding may look unusual

- a wooden board for finishing, differing in appearance and dimensions. This is an environmentally friendly, maintenance-free material used for cladding the facade of a wooden house.

Wooden facade panels– are made by gluing together several layers of wood veneer in thickness. It is more convenient and faster to cladding a ventilated façade using solid panels.

Finishing with artificial materials

Reliable, durable, inexpensive, easy to install and further care– characteristics of modern artificial materials used for the exterior cladding of a wooden house.

Exterior decoration of a wooden house involves the use of artificial materials such as vinyl or metal siding and thermal panels. To decorate a house made of timber from the outside, you can also use fiber cement boards and other materials.

Siding

Covering a wooden house with siding is a ubiquitous phenomenon in Russia. Siding has all the characteristic features of modern finishing materials mentioned above.

A significant addition to them is the huge variety of colors and patterns. In appearance, it can be a regular “lining” or the “herringbone” and “ship plank” that are quickly becoming fashionable (see photo). Imitation of wood, stone, granite, brick and many other materials looks original. Modern technologies siding production allows you to give your home a unique look for little money.

The exterior decoration of a house made of timber can be made of plastic (vinyl) or metal (aluminum, steel) siding.

Metal siding made of galvanized steel is used quite rarely in private wooden house construction, since, having a lot of weight, it requires a reinforced foundation and a very strong frame. The unsurpassed advantage of this finishing material is its exceptional fire resistance.

Covering a log house with vinyl siding – the most popular and cost-effective way of finishing a wooden house.

Prefabricated strip panels, in the form of which vinyl siding is made, are lightweight and have special installation devices. This set of indicators helps speed up and simplify the finishing part of the construction of a wooden house.

When choosing vinyl siding, you need to know that color fastness is ensured by the presence of titanium dioxide in the paint, which gives the product a soft pastel shade. If the original color of the material is bright, it means that this component is missing, and it will not be bright for long.

Thermal panels

Thermal panels with clinker tiles - modern universal material for cladding the outside of a timber house. Its versatility lies in the fact that the polyurethane foam or polystyrene foam base of the thermal panel serves as an excellent insulation material, and the clinker tiles pressed into it are a very beautiful decorative element. The exterior finishing of a timber house with clinker thermal panels gives it a noble and at the same time original appearance.

Relatively new on Russian market material for cladding a house made of timber from the outside. The board is a mixture that includes wood fiber (fiber), quartz, mica, cement and other components.

These are also fiber cement boards

The finished slab is covered with a durable protective and decorative layer on an acrylic base. Glossy or matte, imitating brick or wood, the external coating looks very presentable. In addition, it is characterized by high color fastness and ease of care.

The slabs are mounted directly on the wall without lathing, which greatly simplifies the cladding process.

Facade tiles for cladding

For wall cladding facade tiles used infrequently - it is quite expensive and labor-intensive. It is good to decorate the walls in the corners with tiles - it looks beautiful and extraordinary. The tiled foundation looks great.

There are several ways to attach tiles to the walls of a house: fixing with self-tapping screws or gluing with special compounds. To carry out the work of tiling the facade, special preparation of the walls is required.

Plastering a timber house

Clay plastering is an ancient, well-known method of exterior finishing of a house made of timber. It is also called a wet facade on a wooden house. The clay composition of plaster is the most environmentally friendly of all existing ones. With the help of such a solution you can make a perfectly flat surface, it perfectly protects wooden walls from negative impact external environment and insects.

Decorative plaster

In addition to clay, plaster can be acrylic, mineral and mosaic.

Acrylic plaster is moisture-repellent, and various color shades make it possible not to carry out such type of work as exterior painting of a wooden house.

The presence of quartz or marble chips in mosaic plaster makes the facade of the house beautiful and durable.

Stone cladding

Facing a house made of timber with stone creates a large load on the foundation, which should be taken into account when designing. Of course, the house turns out to be very warm, but the cost of building a strong foundation significantly increases the cost of the entire building.

An alternative option is to clad a wooden house with artificial stone, which is lighter and suitable for all types of foundations. Stone finishing can be carried out only after the structure has settled, that is, no earlier than a year and a half later.

Brick finishing

Finishing a wooden house with brick is a complex, expensive and time-consuming procedure. If we talk about feasibility, it is practically zero.

If you line a cobblestone house with bricks on the outside, you get a structure that is illogical from the point of view of heat conservation. Freezing in winter and accumulation of heat in summer (and the brick will behave exactly like this) are processes that contradict the principles of thermal insulation.

It would be more correct to line the house with brick from the inside so that it is heated from internal heat sources (stove, fireplace). In this case, an external wooden wall would protect the house from street cold in winter and from overheating in summer.

Brickwork requires the construction of a separate foundation, resulting in two houses in one. There is no point in constructing such a structure.

There is another important point that should be taken into account if the issue of finishing a wooden house with brick is being considered. Wood, be it a log or timber, requires constant monitoring in order to protect the walls from rot, insects and rodents. One-time impregnation with antiseptics and other compounds for wooden houses is not always enough. If there is brickwork, it will simply not be possible to carry out such control. In the case of covering the house with another material, for example, siding, the task is greatly simplified.

Conclusion

So, we looked at some options for cladding the external walls of a wooden house.

Let's summarize. Natural wood, artificial materials, plaster, stone, brick - materials that can be used to decorate a wooden house.

Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages, pros and cons. They vary in price and labor costs, in appearance and quality.

How to cover a house made of timber is, of course, up to the owner to decide. Cladding materials and technologies are so diverse that they can satisfy the most sophisticated requirements. Experts can always tell you how to sheathe a house, and rarely will any of them refuse to provide practical assistance.

Introduction

How to cover the outside of a wooden house and is it possible to do it inexpensively? The main task is the correct choice of materials. It is important that the finish is not only attractive and reflects the personal preferences of the home owner, but also is easy to install, increases the thermal insulation of the building and costs a reasonable amount.

We will look at the most popular materials for cladding the facade of wooden buildings, their advantages, as well as photos of the result of finishing houses using them.

Why does a house need exterior decoration? There are several answers here:

• The main thing that is expected from the cladding of a house is to increase its attractiveness. Variety of finishing and building materials allows you to bring to life even the most unusual ideas façade finishing;

House facade

• The need to protect the structure from insects and small rodents. The attack of bugs and mice leads to premature damage to the wood, loss of its decent appearance and the strength of the building itself. Reliable finishing of the facade will protect the walls of the house from pests and will not allow them to get inside;
• The need for protection from external atmospheric influences. A damp environment on wood from constant rain and snow promotes rotting processes. Of course, the outside walls of the house can be treated various types antiseptics, but their cost is quite high, and regular treatment of facades becomes expensive;
• Exterior finishing of a wooden house using modern materials increases the level of sound insulation. This makes staying inside the building comfortable and contributes to better quality rest;
• The thermal protection function, which is performed by good cladding of external walls, helps to better maintain heat in the house in cold weather, and cool air temperature in hot weather;
• Finishing materials for cladding houses are mostly fire-resistant, which helps solve an important function - protecting a wooden structure from fire.

Materials for the exterior decoration of wooden houses are fire resistant and increase the thermal insulation of the building

Types of Finish Classifications

The finishing of the facades of wooden buildings is divided into two classifications - according to the method of installation and type of construction.

1. Finish installation method:

• Dry;

Work with materials that do not require priming, gluing or other types of installation using water-based compounds. This installation includes covering the house with siding, block house, panels, etc. Fastening to the walls of the building is carried out using dowels, nails, screws, etc.;

Dry installation method

• Wet;

Finishing materials are used that require the use of various compositions - clinker tile cladding, building plaster, etc. This type of installation has a nuance - Finishing work can be carried out at temperatures down to -5°C.

1. Facade construction type:

• Ventilated;

The design involves maintaining a ventilated gap between the building wall and the material being mounted. The gap provides protection to the walls from condensation, fungi and mold. In addition, when installing a ventilated facade, it is possible to install a layer of insulation on the outside of the building (thereby saving the area interior spaces).

Scheme of layer-by-layer ventilated structure

• No ventilation.

The exterior finishing material is attached to the walls without gaps, which requires installation of a layer of insulation from inside the building.

Experienced specialists for wooden houses recommend a ventilated design option to reduce the likelihood of excess moisture accumulating on the walls. This way you can make the house itself much warmer due to the presence of an air gap.

Materials for exterior finishing of a wooden house

The most popular materials today for decorating the exterior walls of wooden houses are:

• Siding – metal and vinyl;
• Block house;
• Imitation of timber;
• Brick;
• Clinker thermal panels;
• Porcelain tiles;
• Facade paint.

Important! Whatever type of finishing you choose, before installing the material, the walls of the house must be cleaned and treated with special antiseptic compounds. In addition, if the structure is made of logs or timber, it is additionally required to caulk along the entire perimeter using jute or flax fiber.

Log building in front facade works undergoes careful caulking

Siding

Most often, metal or vinyl siding is used to decorate wooden houses. If the likelihood of a fire in a particular structure is considered increased, it is recommended to cover it with concrete siding.

• quick installation;
• protection of house walls from mechanical damage;
• many colors and textures;
• ease of care;
• metal siding does not burn;
• not subject to rotting;
• provides an increased level of thermal protection of the building;
• protects walls from moisture;
• fastened with a gap - allows the wood to “breathe”;
• it is cheap.

Siding can be installed on the external walls of a building at any time of the year. The installation process itself is quite simple and does not require experience in such work.

Block house

This material is popular among those who seek to give the appearance of their building a “original Russian” look, reminiscent of wooden huts. A block house is wooden boards, smooth on one side and convex on the other (reminiscent of a log).

Advantages of the material:

• visual appeal of the building facade;
• simple installation of material;
• increasing the level of thermal insulation and noise insulation;
• long service life;
• excellent camouflage of wall defects.

However, along with the advantages of finishing with a block house, there are also disadvantages:

• it is necessary to impregnate the wooden parts with an antiseptic solution;
• the price is higher compared to siding;
• increased fire hazard.

Attractive appearance wooden house covered with a block house

Imitation of timber

In fact, this material is a type of wooden lining. Especially for outdoor work, boards with a thickness of at least 2 centimeters are produced. Finishing facades with imitation timber has the following advantages:

• environmental friendliness;
• the ability to hide external wall defects;
• quick lining;
• increases thermal insulation;
• long service life;
• does not require experience in installing such materials.

Disadvantages of imitation timber:

• The need for regular treatment with compounds;
• High fire hazard.

Exterior view of a wooden house, the cladding of which used imitation timber

Brick

Brick cladding for a wooden house is an aesthetic finish that is better than many budget options:

• increasing the thermal insulation of the building;
• strength and reliability of the material;
• long service life;
• excellent frost resistance;
• low level of moisture absorption.

The disadvantages of brick include the labor-intensive finishing process, the need to strengthen the foundation (brick is a fairly heavy material), as well as the high cost of such cladding, taking into account the purchase of everything necessary.

The process of exterior finishing of an old wooden house using bricks

Clinker thermal panels

Sheathing a wooden house with clinker thermal panels is at the peak of popularity due to the advantages of the material - low cost, quick installation and excellent thermal insulation properties.

Additional functions of the clinker panel for exterior decoration of the house:

• resistance to mechanical damage;
• durability of the material;
• ease of care;
• low vapor permeability and moisture absorption;
• environmental friendliness;
• resistance to solar radiation.

The process of installing clinker thermal panels on the lathing on the facade of a wooden house

Porcelain tiles

Porcelain tiles, which contain clay, dyes, kaolin, feldspar and quartz sand, are also an excellent material for cladding wooden facades.

Advantages of the material:

• high strength properties;
• fire resistance;
• large selection of textures and colors;
• possibility of dry and wet installation;
• excellent resistance to low temperatures and solar radiation.

Exterior finishing of a wooden house with porcelain stoneware slabs on a metal sheathing

Painting

The facades of wooden buildings are sometimes simply painted. Painting has the following advantages as a finish:

• protection of the external walls of the house from atmospheric influences;
• ...from the temperature difference;
• ...from fading under the influence of ultraviolet radiation.

Facade painting process

In order for the paint to really perform these functions, it is worth choosing the right paint composition. Among others, the following are used for finishing the facades of wooden houses:

• water-borne compounds – polyvinyl acetate;
• acrylic emulsions;
• oil-acrylate and oil-alkyd;
• various kinds of varnishes and azures;
• other compositions.

Each of these types of paints has its own distinctive features and degree of protective properties, so when purchasing you need to pay attention to the specific characteristics of the composition.

Conclusion

So, we looked at how to cover the outside of a wooden house. Finishing the facade is a difficult and painstaking process that requires the right choice material and compliance with the technology for its installation. Typically, external cladding is carried out after interior work in the room. You can find out about options for finishing the interior of wooden houses from

In truth, a wooden house is endowed with a special specific atmosphere, which has a beneficial effect on the feeling of comfort of all household members and guests, because even its walls can breathe as if “alive”. But such pleasure also requires special care, in particular high-quality finishing of external walls, which should perform not only decorative, but also a combination of heat-insulating and protective functions. To perform this kind of task there is whole technology cladding of a wooden house, which this article will be devoted to.

First of all, it is necessary to remember that all work related to finishing a wooden house can only be carried out after a certain time has passed after its construction. This is due to the shrinkage of the house, the period of which depends on the wood of the constructed structure. So, for a house made from wild felled trees, cladding can be done no earlier than 2 years. For houses made of timber, the shrinkage period ranges from 6 months to 1 year. The only exception is glued and profiled timber, houses from which can be finished almost immediately.

Very often, owners of wooden houses, in which residence is seasonal, generally refuse to sheath the house. And this is, in principle, correct, since wood, in the case of high-quality processing, is beautiful in itself, and accordingly it simply does not make sense to insulate this kind of house. In all other cases, covering the house is advisable and will not only give it a well-groomed and beautiful appearance for many years, but also protect the tree from negative impact environment. The technology of cladding a wooden house can be divided into the following stages:

Insulation of the house and subsequent finishing work are usually carried out in the summer. Sheathing a house can be done with your own hands without resorting to the help of professionals, since there are no particular difficulties in this process. You just need to choose the right materials and strictly adhere to step-by-step instructions each block of work, which are described in detail below.

Preparatory work and installation of vapor barrier

Preparatory work consists of treating the wooden walls of the house with special emulsions that prevent infection and spread of various fungi and harmful insects. Such procedures are necessary, first of all, because after applying all layers of insulation and finishing, subsequent access to the walls will be closed, so it is very important keep safe and preservation of the tree.

In order to save natural circulation air in the walls of a wooden house is adjusted with a vapor barrier layer, which can be polyethylene film, aluminum foil, bitumen roofing felt and a special vapor barrier. As a rule, the first option is used for a wooden house, since it combines an acceptable cost and the fulfillment of all the tasks assigned to such a material. Please note that between the walls and such a layer there must be certain free space. Therefore, if the house is built from flat logs, and not from round ones, it is necessary to build a frame from slats, 2-3 cm thick, which are nailed to the walls in a vertical position at a distance of 40-50 cm and install film on them.

The vapor barrier layer is laid according to the following algorithm:

Features of thermal and waterproofing of a wooden house

Before you start insulating your house, you need to select a suitable heat insulator and calculate its required quantity. Considering the characteristics of a material such as wood, the choice of suitable insulation is quite small and comes down to almost one most rational option. For the purpose of a more detailed visual perception, we present to your attention several types of heat insulator for a wooden house:

1. Foam boards. This material has high performance heat preservation and sound insulation. Simple enough to installation work and is not susceptible to various pests. Despite all the advantages, many experts consider it a very serious mistake to use polystyrene foam as insulation for a wooden house. This is due to the inability to allow air to pass through, which over time can cause wood to rot. In addition, it is not fire resistant and not environmentally friendly, which is also not entirely suitable for such a natural material as wood;
2. Penoplex. It's comparative new material, which is made by extrusion. It has a very high level of thermal insulation, is fire resistant, and is not susceptible to the spread of bacteria and fungi. But penoplex has the same disadvantage as the previous material, namely, it is vapor-tight and, moreover, difficult to cut and install.
3. Mineral wool. The most commonly used material for external insulation of a wooden house. Air flows pass well through the insulation, which has a beneficial effect on the condition of the tree. Quite easy to install and adjustable. Mineral wool is environmentally friendly and non-flammable material. The disadvantage is that the slightest ingress of moisture due to violation of installation technology of this material can lead to the loss of all thermal insulation properties throughout the year.

Based on the above, the most acceptable option for insulating a wooden house is mineral wool, for installation of which the tiled form is best suited.

On an already installed vapor barrier layer it is necessary install the frame system, into which mineral wool slabs will be installed. This will require vertically nailed wooden boards (thickness and width approximately 50 and 100 mm, respectively), the distance between which is 2-3 cm less than the width of the mineral wool slab. Thus, the heat insulator will fit tightly to the base without any additional fasteners. Mineral wool is very easy to install, and inserting the slabs into the frame will not be difficult. If desired, you can use two layers of insulation. In this case, the second level of heat insulation must be installed at the joints of the slabs of the first layer.

After the entire frame is filled with insulation, lay special waterproofing film. It is worth paying attention to correct location of this material in relation to mineral wool. The uneven rough side must be adjacent to the heat insulator, and the smooth side must face outward. The film is attached in the same way as the vapor barrier layer using a stapler to the frame with an overlap, and all joints and staples are sealed with self-adhesive tape. Boards are nailed onto the existing frame system (width - 50 mm, height - 40 mm). This sheathing will perform two functions. Firstly, this creates additional space for air circulation, and secondly, such a system will serve as a frame for finishing the house.

Options for exterior finishing of a wooden house

The choice of finishing material depends entirely on the taste preferences of the owner of the house and the aesthetic goals pursued. There are two ways to move forward. The first is to preserve the appearance of a real wooden house and give it a well-groomed appearance. The second implies more modern external finishing solutions, both color and texture, which will not be related to wood in any way. So, let's look at the most popular ways to give a particular appearance to a house:

There are many more different finishing materials, but as practice shows, the options described above are the most suitable for cladding a wooden house. The main thing is to decide whether you want to maintain the wooden appearance of the tree or bring in something new and interesting. We hope that our tips and recommendations for carrying out all stages of work on cladding a wooden house will help you in this difficult, but at the same time enjoyable task.

Video instructions for cladding a wooden house

Wood as a material for construction low-rise buildings, still occupies a leading position. And this is not surprising, because wood is the cleanest and healthiest material.
No wonder they say about a wooden house that it “breathes.” The walls of a house built from coniferous species trees, have antiseptic properties.

External cladding of a house is protection:

• from mechanical damage;
• from mold and mildew;
• from exposure to sunlight;
• from precipitation and sudden temperature changes;
• from heat loss;
• from fire;

Facade decoration is also:

• giving the house aesthetic appeal;
• significant extension of the service life of the load-bearing walls of your home;
• masking construction defects;

Options for exterior finishing of wooden houses:

• vinyl siding;
• metal siding;
• wooden block house;
• metal block house;
• facing brick;
• clinker thermal panels;

• porcelain stoneware;
• façade painting;

Vinyl siding

The most popular wood siding is vinyl siding.

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) panels can be used to cover not only the façade of a new building, but also the walls of an old wooden house.
High-quality vinyl siding is no different in appearance from ordinary wooden lining, but has a number of advantages over it:

• retains its attractiveness for 20 years or more;
• perfectly tolerates temperature changes in the range from -50º to +60ºС;
• 100% moisture resistance;
• easy to clean;
• not susceptible to mold and rot;
• does not increase the load on the foundation;

Vinyl siding contains 80% polyvinyl chloride, hence its name.
The remaining 20% ​​are substances that give the siding various characteristics:

• various color solutions;
• resistance to aggression from the external environment;
• elasticity and resilience;
• durability;

Vinyl siding has the following advantages over its wooden counterpart:

• easily tolerates temperature fluctuations;
• does not support combustion;
• provides good ventilation façade, discharging condensate outside;
• does not crack, does not flake, does not peel off;
• service life up to 50 years without changing color or shape;
• You can install the siding yourself;

It is best to install vinyl siding on wood sheathing. It allows additional ventilation channels to be created. And this will protect the facade from mold and rot,
Before installing the sheathing, the wooden beams must be impregnated with an antiseptic. Installation of siding must begin from the bottom.
To further avoid warping of the siding during installation, you must adhere to the following rules:

• When connecting sidings, do not pull the panel up too much;
• during fastening, do not press the head of a screw or nail against the panel, leave a gap of approximately 0.5 mm between the head and the panel, this will allow the siding to expand freely;
• Place screws or nails in the middle of the oval mounting hole;

Metal siding (aluminum and steel) is also used for cladding wooden facades.
Advantages of metal sidings over vinyl:

• they resist mechanical damage much better;
• has a wider range of colors;
• fire safety;
• installation can be carried out at any outside temperature;

It should be taken into account that metal siding has a large mass, and this creates an additional load on the foundation. Metal siding is mainly used for cladding the walls of non-residential buildings (warehouses, hangars, workshops).

Decorating wooden walls with a block house

The block house is wooden board, which looks like a log from the outside. It is widely used for.
Advantages of cladding the external walls of a house with a block house:

• beautiful appearance;
• ease of installation work;
• high heat and sound insulation;
• durability;
• masking defects in the outer wall;

The disadvantages of a wooden block house include:

• higher cost compared to siding;
• the need for antiseptic impregnation of wooden parts;
• high fire hazard;

Finishing the exterior of a wooden house with a block house will give the house the appearance of an original Russian hut. Cladding the facade of an old wooden house with a block house will give it a new attractive look.

It is best to mount a block house on a sheathing. Insulation slabs can be laid between the sheathing beams and a ventilated façade can be installed.
The block house is being assembled from below. The boards of the block house are connected to each other using the tongue and groove method.
There are three ways to attach a block house to a wall:

• clamps;
• self-tapping screws;
• galvanized nails;

So:

• in the first version, the clamp is inserted into the groove with hooks, and the other end is attached to the sheathing with self-tapping screws;
• in the second case, the block house board is fastened with self-tapping screws to the sheathing, with the head of the screw entering the body of the board and then masked with a wooden pin on glue;
• in the third case, the block house board is nailed to the sheathing as shown in the figure (option B), the next board covers the nail head.

The difficulty in designing corners can be solved with special corner overlays. Experienced craftsmen make a groove in the log house the width of the corner and secure it with “liquid nails” glue.
Not long ago, a metal block house appeared on the construction market.

This material does not have the disadvantages inherent in a wooden block house (fire hazard, rotting, mold). The cost of a metal block house is approximately half that of a wooden one, although in appearance it is almost no different from it.

Brick façade cladding

So:

• The existing foundation of the house.
• Additional foundation.
• The gap between the foundations is 20–25 mm.
• Waterproofing.
• Reinforcing mesh.
• Anchors (flexible connections);
• Ventilation gap.

Facing bricks are used to finish wooden walls.
So:

• To do this, a projection must be provided in the foundation to the width of the masonry plus the width of the air gap for ventilation of the facade.
• Taking into account that shrinkage of wooden walls can last up to 3 years, cladding should not be carried out earlier than this period.
• Taking into account seasonal fluctuations in the size of the walls, the cladding is not brought 5 cm to the roof eaves.
• Before starting masonry, you need to cover the walls with insulation.
• To connect the facing wall with load-bearing wall, you will need galvanized pins. They should be driven into the tree in such a way that the second end, at least 8 cm long, is secured in the masonry.
• The pins should be placed 1 per meter of masonry and in every fourth row.
• Laying should begin from the corners of the house, checking the vertical line with a plumb line.
• A gap of 3 cm should be left between the wall and the cladding for ventilation of the load-bearing wall.
• Also for better air circulation in the first and last row facing masonry they leave so-called vents. To do this, every fourth vertical joint is not filled with mortar.

Cladding a wooden house with clinker thermal panels

By using instead of traditional bricks for cladding the facade, you will speed up the work and significantly reduce its cost. The clinker thermal panel is the result of combining clinker material and a heat-insulating substance.
The result was a building product with the following characteristics:

• lowest moisture absorption coefficient;
• low coefficient of vapor permeability;
• resistance to mechanical stress;
• very high strength;
• resistance to ultraviolet radiation from the sun;
• very high thermal insulation properties;
• very long service life (up to 50 years or more);
• easy to clean;
• ecologically pure material, harmless to health;

Thanks to these characteristics, the clinker panel is considered the most suitable material for cladding a wooden facade. Polyurethane or polystyrene foam is used as insulation in the clinker panel.
Thermal panels are attached to a pre-installed wooden beam sheathing. Since the weight of the panel reaches 19 kg, it must be attached to three beams with six self-tapping screws.
This achieves the required structural rigidity.

Installation should begin from the bottom and corner.

In order to accurately simulate brickwork at the junction of the corner, the ends of the panel must be cut at an angle of 45º and select the panel of the desired texture.

The seams between the panels are sealed with a special grout, which will help close the insulation and screw heads. After grouting, the seams cannot be distinguished from real masonry.

Cladding a wooden facade with porcelain stoneware

The facade of a wooden house can be faced with porcelain stoneware slabs. This modern finishing material gained wide popularity due to its characteristics.

The advantages of porcelain stoneware are as follows:

• high strength;
• does not support combustion;
• almost unlimited choice of textures and colors;
• various installation methods (with glue, rustic fastening or clamps);
• frost-resistant;
• does not fade in the sun;

The composition of porcelain stoneware includes only natural minerals:

• quartz sand;
• feldspar;
• White clay;
• kaolin;
• various dyes;

The composition of porcelain stoneware indicates that it does not contain any chemicals and is absolutely harmless to health. To attach porcelain stoneware to a wooden wall, it is necessary to mount a metal frame made of a special profile.
This frame contains insulation and provides an air gap for ventilation of the facade. This facade is much more expensive than other cladding methods, but the durability of its operation pays for the installation costs.

Painting wooden facades

One of the external options is painting the facade.
This coating must meet the following requirements:

• protect load-bearing walls from exposure to atmospheric phenomena (rain, snow, hail, wind, fog);
• sun protection;
• protection of load-bearing walls from temperature changes;

The market for paints and varnishes offers a wide selection of paints with different characteristics for painting the exterior walls of wooden houses.
Here are some of the most popular brands and their characteristics:

• PVA (polyvinyl acetate) - this water-borne paint is widely used for exterior use;

• Acrylic emulsion - covers walls well, is durable, protects from moisture and at the same time maintains vapor permeability;
• Styrene butadiene paint protects better from moisture, but is less resistant to ultraviolet rays;

The following paints are also used to protect wooden exterior walls:

• oil-alkyd;
• oil-acrylate;
• pentaphthalic enamels (PF);
• various varnishes and azures;

To properly protect the façade, it is necessary to preparatory work(remove old paint, clean the wall from dirt, prime). Paint the walls with a brush, roller or spray bottle.

A private house built of wood cannot always be considered a complete structure, since in many cases it requires external and interior decoration walls There are many different options, but not all of them are suitable for covering this type of building. In this article we will look at how you can cover a wooden house inside and outside and how best to do it yourself.

When to sheathe a wooden house

To begin with, it is worth highlighting those buildings that initially it does not make sense to sheathe the outside in any way, much less insulate them. Whatever finishing option you choose, it will not be cheap, and therefore is not practical for wooden houses for summer or periodic use. As for decorating the inside of a home, this is more a matter of design and the wishes of the homeowner than a necessity. After all, wooden walls made of timber or rounded logs always look attractive.

Now let's look at cases where wooden houses are sheathed from the outside:

• there is a good-quality and strong frame available, but it is quite old, which is why the appearance of the building leaves much to be desired;
• frame buildings made of wood must be clad in any case on both sides, this is their design;
• if a wooden house built from timber or logs needs additional protection and insulation of the walls.

It is not uncommon to find log houses that have stood for more than 50 years and are ready to serve for the same amount of time. Additional cladding from the street will not only change the appearance of the home for the better, but also protect the wood from precipitation and thus extend its service life. The same protection will not interfere with walls that need insulation. Since thermal insulation is usually carried out outside, and not inside, a wooden house, the insulation needs to be hidden behind a water barrier and covered, which will be discussed later.

Advice. Exterior finishing of a wooden house that has just been erected is carried out after 1 year. The shrinkage of buildings of this type is quite significant, as a result of which the external design of the finished walls may suffer and everything will have to be redone.

Materials for external and internal finishing

Despite the wide selection of cladding materials, their list for wooden houses is somewhat limited due to various reasons. For example, it is relatively inexpensive to decorate a house using plaster, but this method is only suitable for frame buildings sheathed on the outside with OSB sheets, as shown in the diagram below. Plastering a log house or a dwelling made of timber will be problematic.

As can be seen in the diagram, the basic mineral wool insulation located inside the wall is supplemented with a layer of polystyrene foam or expanded polystyrene, attached to sheets of sheathing made of OSB plywood. And only after that the tinted one is applied decorative plaster. But such facade decoration is rare for a wooden house; the following materials for external cladding are more common:

• vinyl siding;
• wood siding, the so-called block house;
• lining;
• complex system “ventilated facade”.

For reference. The cheapest and fastest way to cover the walls of a house is with painted corrugated sheets; this practice also takes place. But at the same time, the design of the building looks very cheap and resembles an industrial building. In addition, corrugated sheets quickly fade in the sun and lose color. Unless you buy expensive material coated with a pattern, as in the photo:

Vinyl siding is a very popular material, it is relatively inexpensive and retains its appearance for a long time, and with its help it is quite possible to sheathe a wooden house yourself. It will be more expensive to decorate the walls with other siding - imitation timber and rounded logs called “block house”.

This is a very attractive and pretty material, but it requires maintenance, just like regular wood paneling.

If we talk about what is the best way to cover a wooden house without reference to the cost of materials, then the “ventilated facade” system is beyond competition. It is a frame made of galvanized profiles, inside of which insulation is attached, and on the outside – finishing elements. Moreover, the latter can look like siding, brick or natural stone - your choice. True, the system can hardly be called cheap, and not every homeowner can handle the installation.

It is easier to solve the problem than to decorate the walls of a wooden house from the inside. For this purpose the following are most often used:

• regular and moisture-resistant drywall;
• OSB chip sheets;
• ordinary cladding boards - lining.

Drywall and OSB are an excellent basis for installing any finishing layer - various wallpapers, tiles and other materials. Moisture-resistant gypsum boards are perfect for interior cladding of a bathroom, and lining is ideal for a bathhouse built inside a house. OSB boards are not used so often inside buildings, since drywall is much more environmentally friendly.

A few words about the insulation materials used. It is well known that houses built of wood must “breathe”. This means that the wall material is transparent to vapor, due to which moisture from inside the premises is removed to the outside, passing through the wood. If a vapor-tight barrier is placed in their path, then moisture will begin to condense in front of it, which will lead to the gradual destruction of the fence. Therefore, the use of water-repellent polymers such as penoplex or penofol is not recommended.

The best solution for insulation when finishing a wooden house is mineral or basalt wool. It is vapor permeable and absolutely not subject to combustion.

An exception to the rule is a frame building, where a layer of mineral wool is part of the enclosing structure, but there is no main wall. Here the insulation is protected from the penetration of vapors by a film on one side and waterproofing on the other, as shown in the diagram:

Covering a wooden house with siding

This exterior finishing of the house can be done with or without insulation, as necessary. But in any case, it is necessary to provide an air gap between the vinyl siding and the wall for ventilation. Its task is to remove moisture entering from the outside onto the diffusion membrane, which plays the role of a hydro- and wind barrier. This is why vinyl siding sheets are not attached directly to walls, no matter how smooth they are. First you need to assemble the sheathing from wooden beams, less often - from galvanized profiles.

Advice. Before covering an old log house, you should thoroughly caulk the cracks between the logs, using natural materials– felt, tow or moss.

The width of the bars for sheathing when installing external finishing without insulation should be from 3 to 5 cm to ensure an air gap. The interval between the slats is 40-50 cm. But first of all, a diffusion membrane is laid; it is capable of passing vapors, but reflecting water. The membrane sheets are laid horizontally, starting from the bottom, with an overlap of 10 cm and taped at the joints. After this, it is pressed with bars or sheathing profiles installed vertically.

Note. If you plan to install vertical siding, then the beams should be mounted horizontally. They should first be treated with an antiseptic composition.

Also, all openings – windows and entrance doors – are framed with sheathing strips. Wherein wooden elements It is better to nail it to the wall rather than screw it with self-tapping screws. The latter do not allow structures to move during shrinkage or thermal expansion. An important point: the surfaces of all bars must be strictly vertical and aligned in one plane. Now you can begin installing the siding, using the starting and other types of planks shown in the figure:

When adjusting the siding, it is important to take into account its thermal elongation, so the ends of the vinyl strips should not rest against the nests of the corner strips standing on the sides (meaning horizontal installation). The strips must be cut and inserted between the planks with a gap of 3-5 mm, and the nails must not be driven in all the way. This is why oval holes are made in the siding so that the strip can move a little. By the way, installation is carried out from the starting bar - from bottom to top.

When the length of 1 strip is not enough to cover the entire wall of a wooden house, then you need to install one or more connecting strips, placing them as aesthetically as possible. Although siding can be laid with an overlap (without a strip), such a connection looks unpleasant, and therefore it should be used as a last resort. Well, there are special vinyl planks for framing windows and doors.

If it is decided to combine the finishing process with insulation, then the work procedure also includes laying thermal insulation material. Considering its thickness (at least 100 mm, and in the northern regions up to 150 mm), it is necessary to take lathing bars of the appropriate width. Moreover, the membrane is not applied directly to the wall, but already on top of the insulation. It is secured by nailing 30 mm thick counter-lattice strips on top. Further work is carried out in the same way as described above.

Decorating a wooden house with a block house

In essence, a block house for cladding a house is the same siding, only made of wood, and the algorithm for carrying out the work is the same.

True, there are a number of differences that we will focus your attention on:

• There are no starting, corner or connecting strips here. All joints will have to be faced from the outside with shaped wooden elements;
• strips of block house are cut strictly to size, and when forming internal and external corners, the material is cut at an angle of 45° for joining;
• The panels are fastened from bottom to top using nails or special clamps. True, the latter tend to unbend and the stripes may fall out over time;
• When the boards are oriented horizontally, it is better to install them with the tenon up and the groove down.

One of the most difficult knots is the connection of the cladding in the form of an internal corner. Of course, you can ignore the resulting gap and sheathe the corner with a shaped element. But in order for the cladding of a wooden house with a block house, made by yourself, to be of high quality, it is worth cutting out an arched cutout in the adjacent part, as shown in the photo:

At the end, an antiseptic primer is applied to the finished surface, after which it is finished with several layers of varnish or paint.

Interior finishing with clapboard

This is one of the most popular methods of cladding the inside of private wooden houses, used in almost all rooms, and especially in the steam room. There are currently several types of lining available for sale:

• classical;
• block house;
• softline;
• landhouse;
• American.

The technology for covering walls inside the house is the same for all types, and work begins with installing a vapor-proof layer of film and installing the sheathing. The film is laid out with an overlap of 10 to 15 cm, after which the joints should be carefully taped with double-sided or regular tape. From above it is pressed against the wall with sheathing slats, whose thickness is 20 mm. The slats are nailed to the wall vertically (when installing the cladding horizontally) at intervals of 40-50 cm.

Important. All sheathing slats must be placed in one vertical plane using various pads or mounting wedges.

The first board is secured with self-tapping screws at a distance of 40-50 mm from the floor, taking into account the subsequent installation of the plinth. It is best to fasten all subsequent planks using metal elements - clamps, placed on the previous board and nailed to the sheathing bars with nails. It is not recommended to fasten the sheathing by driving nails into the grooves of the lining.

As with the exterior cladding of a block house, all joints and corners should be lined with shaped parts or wooden plinths. After this, all that remains is to treat the wood with an antiseptic and cover it with several layers of varnish. The finishing technology is shown in more detail in the video:

Interior finishing with plasterboard

Drywall is an excellent material for rough finishing of any internal surfaces of a wooden house, including the ceiling. Also, moisture-resistant plasterboard is indispensable in rooms with high humidity - in bathrooms and dressing rooms. Subsequently, you can put on it tiles or apply liquid wallpaper. The technology here is simple: first, galvanized profiles are attached to the wall or ceiling so that their shelves are in the same plane. To strengthen the structure, jumpers made of the same profiles are placed between the vertical profiles.

Sheets of drywall are screwed to the shelves of the profiles with self-tapping screws so that their caps are flush with the surface of the plasterboard. The step between adjacent screws is 10-15 cm. Where it is impossible to screw a whole sheet, you need to accurately measure and cut off part of it. This is done with a sharpened knife or a specialized tool. When the wall is completely sewn up, the joints and heads of the screws need to be leveled with putty, which, after drying, should be rubbed with sandpaper. At this point, the surface is ready for further cladding.

Conclusion

Thanks to currently existing facing materials, you can give any wooden house a presentable appearance, and even “turn” it into stone using external cladding. In addition, finishing will allow you to preserve the wood longer and increase the service life of the building as a whole. It will not be superfluous to take measures to insulate the house from the outside, which will result in lower heating costs.