What time should you open the door? Suhoor and Iftar (morning and evening meals)
In 2018, Ramadan begins on May 16 and will last until June 14. Unlike Christians, Muslims do not eat food at all for a month. Drinking is also prohibited. Among all Muslim holidays, Bayram is one of the most important.
Post history
Fasting in the month of Ramadan was prescribed in the month of Sha'ban, in the second year of Hijri. The very phenomenon of fasting took place before Islam; it was prescribed by the Almighty and previous peoples, as well as among the Ahl al-kitab (Jews and Christians) who lived during the time of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him).
Allah said in the Quran (meaning): “O you who believe! Allah has prescribed fasting for you too, just as He ordered those peoples who lived before you to observe it. By observing it, you will become God-fearing" (Surah Al-Baqarah, verse 183).
A distinctive feature in the observance of obligatory fasting between Muslims and former communities is that Muslims are required to observe it specifically in the month of Ramadan.
Meals during Eid in Ramadan take place according to the calendar
The evening Iftar meal can be held after the end of the evening Maghrib prayer. At this time, you can drink water and eat dates. Later it will be possible to eat other food permitted by Islam (halal). And breakfast Suhur should be completed 30 minutes before the morning prayer of Fajr. In this case, the faithful will receive a more generous reward from Allah.
It is better to prepare food in the evening, so as not to fuss in the early morning. In order to avoid hunger and thirst during the long daylight hours, it is recommended to eat nutritious but bland foods - cereals or boiled meat, dairy products and fruits. It is not advisable to eat alone during these meals. It is better to spend time with family and loved ones.
Conditions necessary for the validity of a post
– Islam. The fast of a non-Muslim is invalid.
- Sanity. Thus, the fast of an insane person and a child under the age of Tamyiz (approximately 6 years) is invalid. The fast of a child who has reached the age of Tamyiz is obtained. And when a child reaches the age of seven, he must be taught to fast and punished for failure to fast from the age of 10, as well as for failure to perform the obligatory five-fold prayer.
– There are no reasons preventing one from fasting. Similar reasons are: menstrual or postpartum discharge, loss of consciousness or insanity during the entire daylight period.
Who should not fast?
From an Islamic point of view, minor children, the elderly, pregnant women and nursing mothers may not fast. But from a medical point of view, it is impossible to keep track of complex forms of diseases - diabetes, stomach ulcers, chronic heart failure, ischemia, vascular disease, thrombosis. Pregnant women can reschedule for a later date. And those who do not have the opportunity to fast or this is impossible for health reasons can feed one person in need every day, that is, give sadaqah fidiyya.
What not to do during Lent
Do not pronounce intentions;
Consume food intentionally;
Drink intentionally;
Smoking and inhaling smoking smoke intentionally;
Engage in intimacy, indulge in handjobs;
Allow yourself idle entertainment;
Use of medications that require rectal or vaginal application;
Induce spontaneous vomiting;
Swallow any separated mucus that gets into the throat.
Miracle words: prayer for prayer before and after meals full description from all the sources we found.
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Suhoor – eating before dawn
with the intention of fulfilling the fast.
Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported the words of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him):
"Truly Allah with His angels sends blessings to those who do suhoor."
As with any meal, you should not overeat during Suhoor, but at the same time, you should eat enough to gain strength for the whole day of fasting.
- Suhoor is the action of the Sunnah;
- In the act of suhur we differ from the People of the Book, but we should act in everything in such a way as to be different from them;
- Suhur gives us strength for ibadat;
- suhur increases our sincerity in ibada, since thanks to early reinforcement with food, we do not experience hunger and weakness so much, which can distract us from pious deeds;
- suhur helps us control ourselves (our temperament), since anger is often caused by severe hunger;
- Suhur is the time when duas are especially accepted;
- By getting up for Suhur, we also get the opportunity to perform namaz-tahajjud and engage in dhikr. Abdullah bin Harith narrated: “I once visited the Messenger of Allah while he was taking suhoor.
And the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said:
“The difference between our fast and the fast of the People of the Book is the eating (during Suhur).”
"There is great blessing in three things: in jama'a**, in suhur and in sarid***"
**Jama'a - this refers not only to collective prayer, but also to many other pious deeds performed collectively, since Allah helps the jama'a (community).
***Carid – baked bread with meat.
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Intention (niyat) pronounced after suhoor (morning meal)
“I intend to fast the month of Ramadan from dawn to dusk sincerely for the sake of Allah.”
Translit: Nawaitu an-asuuma sauma shahri ramadaan minyal-fajri ilal-magribi haalisan lillayahi tya'aala
Dua after breaking the fast (iftar)
ذهب الظمأ وابتلت العروق وثبت الاجر إن شاء الله
The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, after breaking the fast, said: “Thirst has gone, and the veins are filled with moisture, and the reward is already waiting, if Allah pleases” (Abu Dawud 2357, al-Bayhaqi 4/239).
Translit: Zahaba zzama-u uabtalatil-‘uruk, ua sabatal-ajru insha-Allah
Dua after breaking the fast (iftar)
“O Allah, for Your sake I fasted, I believed in You, I relied on You, I broke my fast with Your food. O Forgiving One, forgive me the sins that I have committed or will commit.”
Translit: Allahumma lakya sumtu, wa bikya aamantu, wa ‘alaikya tavakkyaltu, wa ‘ala rizkykya aftartu, fagfirlii ya gaffaaru maa kaddamtu wa maa akhhartu
Dua after breaking the fast (iftar)
اَللَّهُمَّ لَكَ صُمْتُ وَ عَلَى رِزْقِكَ أَفْطَرْتُ وَ عَلَيْكَ تَوَكَّلْتُ وَ بِكَ آمَنتُ ذَهَبَ الظَّمَأُ وَ ابْتَلَّتِ الْعُرُوقُ وَ ثَبَتَ الْأَجْرُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ تَعَلَى يَا وَاسِعَ الْفَضْلِ اغْفِرْ لِي اَلْحَمْدُ لِلهِ الَّذِي أَعَانَنِي فَصُمْتُ وَ رَزَقَنِي فَأَفْطَرْتُ
Translation: O Almighty, I fasted for Your sake [so that You would be pleased with me]. I ended my fast with what You gave me. I relied on You and believed in You. The thirst has gone, the veins have been filled with moisture, and the reward has been established, if You wish. O Possessor of boundless mercy, forgive my sins. Praise be to the Lord, who helped me fast and provided me with what I broke my fast with
Translit: Allahumma lakya sumtu wa ‘alaya rizkykya aftartu wa ‘alaikya tavakkyaltu wa bikya aamant. Zehebe zzomeu wabtellatil-'uruuku wa sebetal-ajru in she'allaahu ta'ala. Ya vaasial-fadligfir lii. Alhamdu lillayahil-lyazi e‘aanani fa sumtu wa razakani fa aftart
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The Holy Quran on the site is quoted from the Translation of meanings by E. Kuliev (2013) Quran online
Prayer for prayer before and after meals
From ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) it is reported that the Messenger
Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Verily, prayer
the one who fasts before breaking the fast is not rejected.” Ibn Majah 1753, al-Hakim
1/422. Hafiz Ibn Hajar, al-Busayri and Ahmad Shakir confirmed
Abu Daoud 2357, al-Bayhaqi 4/239. The authenticity of the hadith
confirmed by Imam ad-Daraqutni, al-Hakim, al-Zahabi, al-Albani.
ﺫﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﻈﻤﺄ ﻭﺍﺑﺘﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﻕ ﻭﺛﺒﺖ ﺍﻻﺟﺮ ﺇﻥ ﺷﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ
/Zahaba zzama-u uabtalatil-‘uruk, ua sabatal-ajru insha-Allah/.
“O Lord, I fasted for You (for the sake of Your pleasure with me), believed in You, relied on You and broke my fast using Your gifts. Forgive me for past and future sins, O All-Forgiving One!”
How to hold Uraza correctly for a woman
The ninth month of the Muslim calendar, Ramadan is one of the four holy months of the year. At this time, men and women keep a strict fast of Uraz, which is one of the main pillars of Islam. The main specificity of this fast is that the quantitative composition of food is not regulated - everything is allowed to eat, and only the timing of meals plays an important role. Let's figure out how a woman needs to keep the Uraza correctly so that long-term abstinence will benefit the body. Indeed, in addition to spiritual cleansing, Muslims fast to improve the health of the body.
Why keep Uraza in the month of Ramadan?
Fasting on Uraza helps atone for sins that were committed during the year. Ramadan is 30 or 29 days (depending on the lunar month) of strict fasting. During this period, Muslims should set aside time for donations, alms, reflection, contemplation and all kinds of good deeds. However, the main task of every believer is not to drink water or eat food from dawn to dusk. Unlike the Orthodox fast (Assumption or Great), during which it is forbidden to eat meat, fish, eggs and dairy products, during Uraza it is allowed to eat any food in moderation.
The main activity of Muslims during Ramadan is prayer. Before sunrise, each believer makes a niyat (intention) to observe the Uraz, and then eats food 30 minutes before dawn and prays. Prayers during the holy month are held in mosques, where Muslims come with their children or at home with relatives and neighbors. If a believer is in other latitudes during the month of Ramadan, then, according to the Hanafi madhhab (teaching), he reads the obligatory morning prayer according to Meccan time.
How to keep a cheer for a woman
During Uraza, Muslim women, like men, are prohibited from intimate life during daylight hours, and some especially believers prefer complete abstinence from sexual contact throughout the thirty-day fast. Traditionally, after sunset, believers gather in large families to eat food after a day of fasting. Women prepare food during the day, so they are allowed to taste the food as it cooks. This is strictly prohibited for men.
How to eat properly
In the first days of Ramadan, you have to fast for about 20 hours, so imams (Muslim priests) advise eating foods with big amount fiber: oats, millet, barley, lentils, brown rice, wholemeal, millet, legumes. The morning menu of a Muslim woman who celebrates Uraza must necessarily consist of fruits, berries, vegetables, meat, fish, bread and dairy products.
It’s better not to complicate your menu with culinary delights during Ramadan, but to give preference light salads flavored with yogurt or vegetable oil. Such food does not irritate the stomach, improving digestion. To make it easier to hold the Uraz, broths made from lean beef, chicken, lean fish or vegetables are useful. During Ramadan, women should refrain from fried foods, completely replacing them with steamed or stewed foods. In the process of preparing food, you need to dose the following products that stimulate the production of hydrochloric acid, which irritates the walls of the stomach:
For dinner, Muslims are advised to cook low-calorie dishes and not get too carried away with meat. During the day during Uraza it is forbidden to drink water, but after sunset it is advisable to drink 2 to 3 liters of water to replenish the water balance. Nutritionists, while observing Uraza, call for the exclusion of carbonated drinks, replacing them with natural juices, mineral water, herbal teas.
The obligatory prayer for all Muslims who observe Uraza is Tarawih prayer. Her time begins after the night Isha prayer and ends shortly before dawn. It is better to read Namaz Tarawih together with other believers, but if this is not possible, then it is permissible to read the prayer individually. In general, Islam is a religion that welcomes attendance at collective prayers, and the mosque promotes communication when joint prayers are performed that praise Allah and the Prophet Muhammad while reading the Koran.
What not to do - prohibitions
Prohibitions during the period when Muslims observe Uraza are divided into strict and undesirable. Strict prohibitions refer to actions that violate fasting and require mandatory compensation for one day of Ramadan for 60 days of continuous fasting at any other time. These include: deliberate eating, vomiting and sexual intercourse. Also, during Uraza you cannot take medicines, capsules, tablets, give injections, drink alcohol or smoke. Undesirable actions in Ramadan that require only replenishment (1 day of fasting per violation) include:
- Eating out of forgetfulness.
- Involuntary vomiting.
- Swallowing anything that is not medicine or food.
- Touching the husband, kissing that does not lead to sexual intercourse.
At what age do girls start fasting?
A girl begins to keep the Uraz when she comes of age. Sexual maturity in Muslim child occurs upon reaching 15 years of age. Girls are allowed to fast earlier if they are menstruating or have their own desire. If all of the above signs are absent, then according to Muslim customs the girl should not fast.
It is now difficult to overestimate the importance of a 30-day fast for human health. Even science has proven that by fasting, the human body is cleansed of excess weight, salts, bile, under-oxidized metabolic products, and breathing is normalized. The experience of centuries shows that Uraza is the most effective method of getting rid of various chronic diseases: allergies, stones gallbladder, osteochondrosis and migraine. During fasting, defense mechanisms are enhanced, the immune system is stimulated, and the aging process is delayed.
Beginners need to know that during this month all sorts of excesses are excluded, and there are special rules for the intake of food and liquids. Immediately after sunset, the fasting person eats only light food, and a couple of hours before dawn - a dense meal. Such food is considered godly, and therefore serves for the forgiveness of sins. At the evening meal, it is advisable that a mullah or a person who knows the Koran well be present; he will read surahs and talk about the deeds of God. Small talk is not prohibited during the evening breaking of the fast.
Is it possible to keep Uraza for pregnant and lactating women?
Women in the postpartum period or during menstruation do not observe Uraza - this is confirmed by the corresponding Sunnahs. As for pregnant and nursing mothers, they can completely or selectively refuse fasting at their own discretion, especially if they are afraid for their or their child’s health. As for making up for a missed post, the woman makes this decision on her own.
Eid without complete ablution
Sometimes, for some independent reason, a woman does not have a complete ablution, and the fast has already begun. For example, menstruation ended at night, or marital intimacy took place, or the spouses overslept the morning meal. This should not bother a woman in any way, because complete ablution and observance of Uraza are in no way interconnected with each other. Ritual purity is needed only for performing namaz.
When do you get your period?
According to the rules of Islam, during menstruation, Uraza must be interrupted in any case, regardless of marital status and age. Prayers and namaz are not performed, since the woman does not have ritual purity. According to the rules, the missed days of fasting at the end of Ramadan must be made up one to one in a row or in a breakdown at the discretion of the Muslim woman. But the woman does not make up for missed prayers.
What to do if it’s hard to keep Uraza in the heat
When the month of Ramadan falls in the summer heat, it is very difficult for Muslims to keep Uraz, because on hot days thirst increases, and refusal of water can negatively affect human health. Moreover, during a 30-day fast, it is forbidden not only to drink, but even to rinse your mouth, because drops of water can get into the stomach. In this case, Islam gives some concessions for pregnant women, children, travelers, the elderly and seriously ill people.
Fast one day or with breaks every other day
If a Muslim woman has serious illnesses, for example, diabetes, pancreatitis and others, then she can keep Uraza not every day, but every other day. Fasting is not so much abstinence from food and water as it is the promotion of spiritual growth and purification of thoughts. But if a woman can keep Uraza with such diseases, then she should eat fresh raw vegetables, fruits, nuts, not overeat, and not throw on food at the holiday of breaking the fast of Eid al-Fitr, when Ramadan ends.
Video: how to hold Uraza for the first time
When a woman holds Uraza for the first time, long before the onset of Ramadan, she needs to prepare herself for the fact that this is not a hunger strike, but a great joyful holiday, so that there is a feeling of a cheerful event. It should be remembered that the fasting person receives a reward, which during Ramadan multiplies all the good deeds of a person. And for violating Uraza without a good reason, a Muslim woman will have to pay the needy a certain amount and make up for the missed day with any day of fasting. Watch the video for advice for women starting to keep the Uraz:
Fasting for Muslim women and men in 2018
Ramadan is the ninth month of the Muslim calendar, the date of which changes annually. In 2018, Muslims begin to hold it on May 26, and on June 26, Muslim men and women around the world celebrate the greatest holiday of Eid al-Fitr. On this day they give alms, remember relatives and friends, and visit the graves of deceased relatives.
Fasting schedule
The pre-dawn meal (Suhur) ends 10 minutes before the morning prayer (Fajr). At the end of the evening prayer (Maghrib), you should break your fast, preferably with water and dates, after making an appeal to Allah. Night prayer- This is Isha, after which 20 rakats (cycles) of Tarawih prayer are performed for men, and then Witr prayer.
calendar of events
It was narrated from Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with them) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: " Whoever seeks knowledge not for the sake of Allah will not leave this world until he receives knowledge, but for the sake of Allah. Whoever seeks knowledge for the sake of Allah receives a reward as if he had fasted all day long and prayed all night long. If a person learns one branch of knowledge, it is better for him than the gold from Mount Abu Qubais, which he will spend in the path of Allah".
Imam's sermon Islam against terror “Khikmat” – regional spiritual cultural and educational newspaper
“Khikmat” – regional spiritual cultural and educational newspaper
Uraza (fasting)
Fasting is abstinence from food, drink and sexual intercourse from dawn to dusk during the month of Ramadan, obligatory for every adult and reasonable person among the believers.
Fasting has 3 obligatory (fard) actions:
2. Abstinence from food and drink.
3. Abstinence from sexual intercourse.
After eating before dawn, it is advisable (mustahab) to reaffirm the intention to fast in your heart. It is important that the intention is affirmed at least an hour before the time of midday prayer. Affirming the intention of fasting in the heart is enough. If a fasting person, without uttering the appropriate words, intends in his heart to fast the next day, his fast will be correct. You are encouraged to express your intention by saying the following words:
Nawaitu 'an 'asuma sawma shahri Ramadani mina-l-faqri 'ila-l-magribi khalisan li-llahi ta'ala.
For the sake of Allah Almighty, I sincerely intend to fast for the month of Ramadan from dawn to sunset.
Breaking the fast (iftar) after sunset with salt, a piece of food or water is sunnah. Breaking the fast with dates is also encouraged.
After iftar the following du'a is recited:
Allahumma laka sumtu wa-bika 'amantu wa-'alaika tawakkaltu wa-'ala rizkika 'aftartu fa-gfir li ya gaffar ma kaddamtu wa ma 'akhhartu.
O Allah, it was only for You that I fasted, believed in You, relied on You, and broke my fast with Your food. O Forgiver, forgive my past and future sins.
The following is Sunnah for a fasting Muslim:
1. Eating before dawn (suhoor).
2. The intention to abstain from sins during fasting.
3. Reading religious books in your free time.
4. Immediately after sunset, after performing the evening prayer, begin breaking the fast (iftar).
During the day, during fasting, the following actions are condemned (makruh):
3. Argue with someone.
4. Stay in the bathhouse for a long time.
5. Dive and swim in the water.
6. Chew food or gum.
7. Try something with your tongue.
8. Kissing your wife.
9. Keep the fast without breaking the fast for 2 days in a row.
10. Commit any sin.
During fasting you can do the following 10 actions:
1. Taste the purchased product.
2. Chew baby's food.
3. Apply antimony to the eyes.
4. Oil your mustache or beard.
5. Brush your teeth with a siwak.
6. Do bloodletting.
7. Treat with leeches.
8. Perform complete ablution with a jug.
9. Sweat while in the bathhouse.
10. Wash with soap.
The following 3 actions break the fast:
1. Swallowing food or medicine the size of a pea.
2. Swallowing one drop of water or medicine.
3. Sexual intimacy.
A person who breaks the Ramadan fast of his own free will is obliged to make up for all missed days of fasting and perform atonement actions (kaffarat) for its violation.
As a kaffarat of fasting, he must free one slave. If it is impossible to find a slave or funds do not allow you to buy one, then you should fast for 60 days in a row. If, due to weakness, a believer does not have the strength to fast for 60 days, then he must feed 60 poor people to the full.
The fast of a believer is broken in cases where:
1. He will voluntarily cause himself to vomit in an amount that fills his mouth.
2. He will have a pre-dawn meal (suhur), thinking that dawn has not yet come, while it has already dawned.
3. He will begin to break his fast (iftar), thinking that the sun has set, while it has not yet disappeared beyond the horizon.
4. He will ejaculate due to hugging his wife (without sexual intercourse).
In such cases, the fasting person must make up for the broken days of fasting after Ramadan without committing kaffarat.
If a person’s fast is broken during the day, then he should not eat or drink, like a fasting person, until sunset.
The fast of a believer is not broken in following cases: if dust, earth, fur or smoke gets into his throat; if he swallows his saliva or leftover food stuck between his teeth; if he, forgetting about fasting, eats, drinks or has sexual intercourse; if he ejaculates without sexual intercourse.
Women do not need to fast during menstruation or postpartum bleeding. Days of fasting missed in Ramadan must be made up after it.
Weak old man who is unable to fast, instead of fasting each day, he must feed the poor man or give him enough money so that he can eat his fill.
If pregnant and breastfeeding women are afraid of harming their health or the health of their child, and also if patients are afraid of health complications due to fasting, then it would be right for them not to fast. All of them must make up for the missed days of fasting after Ramadan.
It is preferable for traveling people not to fast. After returning from the trip, they will need to make up for the missed days of fasting. It is wrong to break the fast for a person who sets out on a journey after dawn. If he breaks it, he will have to make up the fast.
For a non-fasting traveler arriving home from a trip during the day, abstaining from food and nutrition until sunset is encouraged, as if he were fasting.
A person who has not made up for the missed days of fasting due to illness must leave a will to his heirs so that they distribute fidyah alms for the days remaining behind him. If the person who left such a will dies, then his heirs will have to give alms to fidya in the amount of 1/3 of his property.
Fast on Monday, Thursday, the days of 'Ashura (10th of the month of Muharram), Bara'at (15th of the month of Sha'ban), 'Arafa (9th of Zu-l-hiҗҗha), in the first week the months of Dhu-l-hikha and Muharram and on the 3rd day of the full moon of each lunar month is a desirable (mustahab) action, for which the fasting person receives a large reward.
It is wrong to break an additional fast; it is necessary (vazhib) to make up for it afterwards. It is possible to break an additional fast due to the arrival of guests or an invitation to visit before the time of midday prayer, but it is wrong to break it after this time.
Fasting on the days of breaking the fast (Uraza Bayram, 'Eid al-Fitr) and sacrifice (Kurban, 'Eid al-Adha), on 3 days of Tashriq (11th, 12th and 13th of the month) is condemned (makruh). Zu-l-hiҗҗа) or only on Fridays and Saturdays.
If the month does not appear on the 30th day of Sha'ban after sunset, then fasting on the 30th day until lunch time, awaiting news of the appearance of the month, is an encouragement (mustahab). With the news of the appearance of the month, fasting begins. If the news of the appearance of the month does not come, then the fast should be broken.
If the month does not appear on the 29th of Sha'ban, then fasting on the 30th of Sha'ban, considering it to be the beginning of Ramadan, is reprehensible. It is correct to fast on this day with the intention of performing an additional fast.
If at sunset there are no clouds or dust at the place where the month rises, then to determine the beginning of the months of Ramadan and Shawwal it is necessary that the month be seen by as many people as possible. The testimony of two or three people in this case is not reliable.
- every Monday and Thursday. It is reported from the words of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “The affairs (of people) are presented (to Allah) on Monday and Thursday, and I want my affairs to be presented at that time, when I fast" (at-Tirmidhi)
It is reported that Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, said: “The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, always fasted on Mondays and Thursdays” (at-Tirmidhi)
- three days in each lunar month– 1st day, full moon days (13, 14 and 15); 28th, 29th, 30th
It is best to observe this fast on white days, which are the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth days (of each lunar month). They also say (that we are talking about) the twelfth, thirteenth and fourteenth days of the month, but the first is correct and generally accepted.
It is reported that Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, said: “On white days, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, always fasted both at home and on the road” (an-Nasai)
It is reported that Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, said: “My beloved friend gave me an order regarding three (things): to observe (additional) fasting for three days every month, to perform an additional morning (dua) prayer of two rak'ahs and perform witr before going to bed" (Al-Bukhari; Muslim)
It is reported from the words of Abdullah bin Amr bin al-As, may Allah be pleased with both of them, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Fasting for three days every month (is similar to) constant fasting” (Al-Bukhari; Muslim)
Mu'aza al-'Adawiya reported that (once) she asked Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her: “Did the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, observe a monthly three-day fast?” She said, "Yes." (Mu'aza said): I asked: “From what (day) of the month did he (start) fasting?” She said: He did not attach importance to what (day of) month (to begin this) fast. "(Muslim)
On the days of the month Rajab
On the days of the month Shaban, but not one or two days before the month of Ramadan
It is reported that Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, said: “In no month did the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, fast more than during Shaban, and it happened that he fasted throughout Shaban.” In another version of this hadith, it is reported that Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, said: “... and he usually fasted during the entire Shaban, with the exception of a small part (of it)” (Al-Bukhari; Muslim)
6 days of the month Shawwal. Anyone who completes his Ramadan fast by six days in the month of Shawwal will receive a reward equal to fasting daily for a year.
In a month Muharram: on the day of Ashura, as well as on the previous and subsequent days (9-11th)
It is reported from the words of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “After Ramadan, the best month for fasting is the month of Allah, Muharram, and best prayer after the obligatory one comes the night prayer” (Muslim)
First 10 days Dhul-Hijjah
The Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Whatever days righteous deeds are performed, Allah loves (the performance of them) most of all on these days,” referring to the (first) ten days of the month of Dhul-Hijjah (Al-Bukhari )
IN day of Arafah(9 Dhul Hijjah).
It is reported from the words of Abu Qatada, may Allah be pleased with him, that when the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, was asked about fasting on the day of Arafah, he said that fasting on this day serves as atonement for the sins of the past and next year (Muslim)
It is reported from the words of Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with both of them, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, himself observed fasting on the day of Ashura and commanded (everyone else) to do so (Al-Bukhari; Muslim)
It is reported from the words of Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with both of them, that (one day) the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Truly, if I live to see the next (year), I will definitely fast in the ninth (month)” ( Muslim)
You can't fast on the holidays of Eid al-Adha and Kurban Bayram and on Fridays (outside the month of Ramadan). Constant, day after day sunnat fasts, which exhaust the body and can cause harm to health, are not recommended.
It is narrated from the words of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Do not single out Friday night from (other) nights for performing prayers and do not single out Friday from (other) days for (observing) fasting.” , unless the day of the usual fast of one of you falls on Friday” (Muslim)
Allah Almighty knows best
Fasting is abstinence from food, drink and sexual intercourse from dawn to dusk during the month of Ramadan, obligatory for every adult and reasonable person among the believers.
Fasting has 3 obligatory (fard) actions:
1. Intention.
2. Abstinence from food and drink.
3. Abstinence from sexual intercourse.
After eating before dawn, it is advisable (mustahab) to reaffirm the intention to fast in your heart. It is important that the intention is affirmed at least an hour before the time of midday prayer. Affirming the intention of fasting in the heart is enough. If a fasting person, without uttering the appropriate words, intends in his heart to fast the next day, his fast will be correct. You are encouraged to express your intention by saying the following words:
Nawaitu 'an 'asuma sawma shahri Ramadani mina-l-faqri 'ila-l-magribi khalisan li-llahi ta'ala.
For the sake of Allah Almighty, I sincerely intend to fast for the month of Ramadan from dawn to sunset.
Breaking the fast (iftar) after sunset with salt, a piece of food or water is sunnah. Breaking the fast with dates is also encouraged.
After iftar the following du'a is recited:
Allahumma laka sumtu wa-bika 'amantu wa-'alaika tawakkaltu wa-'ala rizkika 'aftartu fa-gfir li ya gaffar ma kaddamtu wa ma 'akhhartu.
O Allah, it was only for You that I fasted, believed in You, relied on You, and broke my fast with Your food. O Forgiver, forgive my past and future sins.
The following is Sunnah for a fasting Muslim:
1. Eating before dawn (suhoor).
2. The intention to abstain from sins during fasting.
3. Reading religious books in your free time.
4. Immediately after sunset, after performing the evening prayer, begin breaking the fast (iftar).
During the day, during fasting, the following actions are condemned (makruh):
1. Talk idle talk.
2. Use foul language.
3. Argue with someone.
4. Stay in the bathhouse for a long time.
5. Dive and swim in the water.
6. Chew food or gum.
7. Try something with your tongue.
8. Kissing your wife.
9. Keep the fast without breaking the fast for 2 days in a row.
10. Commit any sin.
During fasting you can do the following 10 actions:
1. Taste the purchased product.
2. Chew baby's food.
3. Apply antimony to the eyes.
4. Oil your mustache or beard.
5. Brush your teeth with a siwak.
6. Do bloodletting.
7. Treat with leeches.
8. Perform complete ablution with a jug.
9. Sweat while in the bathhouse.
10. Wash with soap.
The following 3 actions break the fast:
1. Swallowing food or medicine the size of a pea.
2. Swallowing one drop of water or medicine.
3. Sexual intimacy.
A person who breaks the Ramadan fast of his own free will is obliged to make up for all missed days of fasting and perform atonement actions (kaffarat) for its violation.
As a kaffarat of fasting, he must free one slave. If it is impossible to find a slave or funds do not allow you to buy one, then you should fast for 60 days in a row. If, due to weakness, a believer does not have the strength to fast for 60 days, then he must feed 60 poor people to the full.
The fast of a believer is broken in cases where:
1. He will voluntarily cause himself to vomit in an amount that fills his mouth.
2. He will have a pre-dawn meal (suhur), thinking that dawn has not yet come, while it has already dawned.
3. He will begin to break his fast (iftar), thinking that the sun has set, while it has not yet disappeared beyond the horizon.
4. He will ejaculate due to hugging his wife (without sexual intercourse).
In such cases, the fasting person must make up for the broken days of fasting after Ramadan without committing kaffarat.
If a person’s fast is broken during the day, then he should not eat or drink, like a fasting person, until sunset.
A believer's fast is not broken in the following cases: if dust, earth, wool or smoke gets into his throat; if he swallows his saliva or leftover food stuck between his teeth; if he, forgetting about fasting, eats, drinks or has sexual intercourse; if he ejaculates without sexual intercourse.
Women do not need to fast during menstruation or postpartum bleeding. Days of fasting missed in Ramadan must be made up after it.
A weak elderly person who is not able to fast, instead of each day of fasting, should feed a poor person or give him enough money so that he can eat his fill.
If pregnant and breastfeeding women are afraid of harming their health or the health of their child, and also if patients are afraid of health complications due to fasting, then it would be right for them not to fast. All of them must make up for the missed days of fasting after Ramadan.
It is preferable for traveling people not to fast. After returning from the trip, they will need to make up for the missed days of fasting. It is wrong to break the fast for a person who sets out on a journey after dawn. If he breaks it, he will have to make up the fast.
For a non-fasting traveler arriving home from a trip during the day, abstaining from food and nutrition until sunset is encouraged, as if he were fasting.
A person who has not made up for the missed days of fasting due to illness must leave a will to his heirs so that they distribute fidyah alms for the days remaining behind him. If the person who left such a will dies, then his heirs will have to give alms to fidya in the amount of 1/3 of his property.
Fast on Monday, Thursday, the days of 'Ashura (10th of the month of Muharram), Bara'at (15th of the month of Sha'ban), 'Arafa (9th of Zu-l-hiҗҗha), in the first week the months of Dhu-l-hikha and Muharram and on the 3rd day of the full moon of each lunar month is a desirable (mustahab) action, for which the fasting person receives a large reward.
It is wrong to break an additional fast; it is necessary (vazhib) to make up for it afterwards. It is possible to break an additional fast due to the arrival of guests or an invitation to visit before the time of midday prayer, but it is wrong to break it after this time.
Fasting on the days of breaking the fast (Uraza Bayram, 'Eid al-Fitr) and sacrifice (Kurban, 'Eid al-Adha), on 3 days of Tashriq (11th, 12th and 13th of the month) is condemned (makruh). Zu-l-hiҗҗа) or only on Fridays and Saturdays.
If the month does not appear on the 30th day of Sha'ban after sunset, then fasting on the 30th day until lunch time, awaiting news of the appearance of the month, is an encouragement (mustahab). With the news of the appearance of the month, fasting begins. If the news of the appearance of the month does not come, then the fast should be broken.
If the month does not appear on the 29th of Sha'ban, then fasting on the 30th of Sha'ban, considering it to be the beginning of Ramadan, is reprehensible. It is correct to fast on this day with the intention of performing an additional fast.
If at sunset there are no clouds or dust at the place where the month rises, then to determine the beginning of the months of Ramadan and Shawwal it is necessary that the month be seen by as many people as possible. The testimony of two or three people in this case is not reliable.
If the place where the month rises is obscured by clouds, steam or dust, then the testimony of one trustworthy person - be it a man or a woman - about the appearance of the month is sufficient to determine the beginning of Ramaanna. The Ramaan fast should begin the next day.
To determine the beginning of the month of Shawwal, the evidence of the appearance of the new month by two trustworthy men or one trustworthy man and two trustworthy women is accepted. The next morning, the festive prayer of fitr should be performed.
An adult and intelligent Muslim who avoids committing major sins is considered a trustworthy person.
Does a woman fast during haida and nifas (menstrual and postpartum bleeding)?
No, if a woman fasts during such states, she will be sinned.
Should a woman make up the days of fasting missed due to haida and nifas (menstrual and postpartum bleeding)?
Yes, in the hadith narrated from Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, it is reported that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said that women do not need to make up the prayers missed during menstruation, but they need to make up the days of fasting missed for this reason ( I'lyaus-Sunan, vol. 1, p. 372)
Does the day of fasting count if a woman starts menstruating a few minutes before the evening adhan?
If the cycle began only after sunset, then the fast is considered valid.
Is a day of fasting counted if a woman’s cycle begins immediately after breaking her fast before night prayer?
If the cycle began only after sunset, then the fast is considered valid.
What to do if your menstrual cycle begins during the week?
It is necessary to break the fast. A hadith narrated by Abu Saeed al-Khudri, may Allah be pleased with him, says: “Doesn’t she give up prayer and fasting when she begins to menstruate?” (Al-Bukhari, no. 1951, Muslim no. 889). After the menstrual period, you will need to make up the missed fasting days.
Is it advisable for a woman who is menstruating to abstain from eating food during Ramadan fasting?
In this state, a woman should not abstain from food and water, but she should show respect to those who fast during the month of Ramadan.
Should a woman fast if she is cleared of menstruation immediately after morning prayer?
Will this day of fasting count? A woman can fast, but this day of fasting will not be counted.
Should a woman make up for a day of fasting if she has cleared her menstruation just before morning prayer?
If a woman is clean from menstruation before morning prayer and is convinced, even for a moment, that she is clean in the month of Ramadan, then she is obligated to fast and her fast will be valid.
Should a woman make up for a day of fasting if she cleared herself of menstruation before morning prayer, and bathed after praying?
Should a woman make up for the day of fasting if she cleared herself of menstruation and bathed only after morning prayer, performed prayer, and continued to fast?
There is nothing wrong with this if a woman bathed only after morning prayer.
Should a woman fast on the day when her menstruation suddenly stopped before the morning azan, but she did not get up for Suhoor?
If, upon waking up, she did not do anything that could break the fast, then, if desired, you can make an intention according to the madhhab of Imam Abu Hanifa. In this case, the intention can be made even an hour before the time for lunch prayer. If she makes such an intention and fasts until the end of the day, then her fast will be valid and will not have to be compensated.
What should a pregnant or breastfeeding woman do during Lent?
If a pregnant or breastfeeding woman suspects that fasting may harm her and her baby, she may refrain from fasting and do it later. Pregnant and breastfeeding women should consult a doctor (preferably a Muslim) to see if fasting will harm them and their baby. It must be borne in mind that if a woman keeps fasting in this state and subsequently it turns out that her health or the health of her child has worsened due to fasting, she will be sinned.
If a woman vomits due to pregnancy, is the fast broken?
If vomiting happened involuntarily, then the fast is not broken.
Should a pregnant woman break her fast and prayer if she sees blood a day or two before giving birth, while not yet experiencing pain?
If a woman is not yet experiencing suffering (difficulty), such blood is considered dirty, but not related to generic cleansing. In this case, the woman is obliged to perform namaz and can fast.
Is it possible to take special hormonal drugs that delay the onset of the monthly cycle in order to fast throughout Ramadan without interruption?
This is acceptable, but is considered undesirable. Taking these medications may have side effects and lead to problems with performing namaz (or performing hajj and umrah) in the future. Moreover, these drugs are not harmless from a medical point of view. Allah has ordained humility for the daughters of Adam: fast when nothing hinders you, but if something makes it difficult for you, then break your fast with what Allah is pleased with and commanded, praise be to Him.
Should a woman in labor keep a fast if she was cleansed before the end of 40 days?
Yes, if a woman is pure in the month of Ramadan, then she must fast and her fast will be valid. There is nothing that prevents her from fasting, praying and having intimacy with her husband outside of fasting.
Is it possible to breastfeed a baby while fasting?
Yes, this is permitted; breastfeeding does not affect the validity of the fast. However, it is important that fasting does not harm the condition of the woman or child.
Should a woman in labor keep a fast if postpartum bleeding lasts more than sixty days?
In this case, the woman must restrain herself from worship for another normal period of the cycle, and then she must bathe and stand for prayer. If blood remains, you should consult a doctor, as this may be due to illness.
Will the fast be valid if a woman has slight drops of blood on days other than her cycle?
Even if these drops of perspiration then continue throughout the month of Ramadan, the fast is considered valid. As Ali bin Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him, said: “Drops that look like nosebleeds are not menstruation.” White, yellow, cloudy discharge or droplets (perspiration) are not menstruation.
Will the fast of the day be complete if a woman sees blood, but is not sure that it is menstruation?
The fast is valid until it is known that this is the beginning of a cycle. If this discharge was the beginning of menstruation, this day will need to be made up.
Is it permissible for a woman to fast on the day of a miscarriage?
In the event that the fetus has not formed, the blood is not postpartum cleansing (nifas) and the woman can perform namaz and fast, and her fast will be valid. According to scientists, the fetus will become pregnant in 81 days. A miscarriage before 80 days is considered dirty blood, due to which a woman should not leave prayer and fast.
Can a woman who has constant discharge fast during Ramadan?
A woman who has constant bleeding due to illness interrupts prayer and fasting at the time at which she previously had her cycle. Having counted the days of the cycle, a woman must take a bath, pray and fast. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, ordered women who suffer from continuous discharge to renew their ablution after each prayer.
If a pregnant woman bleeds on the day of Ramadan, how does this affect her fast?
If a woman is sure that this is not menstruation, then her fast is not broken. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “A woman who is menstruating does not pray or fast.”
What to do in a situation where during the menstrual cycle the blood stops and does not appear for the whole day?
If this cleansing (blood) is associated with a cycle, then it is not considered the final cleansing, and therefore the woman is prohibited from everything that is prohibited to women during menstruation.
Should a woman start fasting if she does not have white discharge at the end of her cycle?
If a woman usually determines the end of her period by white discharge, she should refrain from fasting for the entire duration of the cycle. If such discharges in last days A woman usually does not menstruate and has no more blood, she must fast.
Can a woman visit a gynecologist or use medicines, which are administered through intimate organs (suppositories and the like)?
Since the genitals are not connected to the digestive system, inserting medicine or an instrument soaked in medicine into the private parts does not break the fast. Therefore, visiting a doctor or injecting medications into intimate organs does not break fasting.
If a woman gets her period while fasting, can she eat? Or, conversely, what should she do if her period stops during the day of fasting? Will her post be valid in this case?
If menstruation began during fasting, you can eat, but you need to try to do it so that fasting people do not see it. She will need to make up this day of fasting after Ramadan (even if her period started a few minutes before Iftar). If, on the other hand, a woman's period ends during daylight hours (when fasting is obligatory), she should fast until the end of the day out of respect for Ramadan, although this day will still need to be replenished afterwards.
What to do while a nursing mother is fasting?
A pregnant or breastfeeding woman is allowed not to fast if she fears for herself or her child. Our Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Allah has eased the obligation of fasting and part of the prayer for a traveler, and He has eased the obligation of fasting for pregnant and lactating women” (at-Tirmidhi, 3/85)
