home Boilers and equipment Greenhouse business greens. Year-round cultivation of greens in a greenhouse as a business

Greenhouse business greens. Year-round cultivation of greens in a greenhouse as a business

Today we will talk about a business that is not new in itself. Despite this, its profitability is only growing from year to year. We've probably seen grandmothers selling greens at the market more than once. As soon as spring begins to approach, they rush to plant useful herbs that are in demand in cooking on their plots in order to be the first to offer their goods to the buyer. The whole point of a home gardening business is to sell the product as early as possible.. During this period, the entrepreneur's income will be the highest. Although, the sale of herbs is not at all limited to the spring months. Demand for this product exists throughout the year.

Where is the best place to set up a garden for growing herbs for sale?
Technology for growing greens for sale
How much can you earn?
Step-by-step plan for starting a business
How much money do you need to start a business?
How to choose equipment
What OKVED code must be specified for growing greens for sale?
What documents are needed to open
Which tax system to choose for growing greens for sale
Do I need permission to open?

The most popular for home businesses and in demand among consumers are usually onions, parsley and dill. Recently, our compatriots are increasingly trying the cuisines of other countries of the world. If necessary and stable demand, you can expand the assortment of your crop with leaf lettuces and head crops that have a short growing season. Housewives often buy basil for dishes with meat, and celery is indispensable during winter preparations.

Where is the best place to set up a garden for growing herbs for sale?

To grow greens for sale at home, you need to decide where they will grow. There may be several options:

Firstly, this is a greenhouse. However, not everyone has it personal plot. To start such a business at home, you will need to build it. Construction of a heated greenhouse is a process that requires capital investment. Today there are many ready-made factory structures that can be installed quickly enough at home and do not require construction knowledge. The cheaper way is to build a site with closed ground from old double-glazed windows. Investments are significantly reduced, but the entrepreneur will need work and considerable ingenuity to make the premises suitable for growing early vegetables.
Secondly, it is fashionable to adapt any utility room in which it is possible to maintain a constant temperature of at least +20 degrees for growing early greenery at home. Under such conditions, plants are placed in several tiers on special shelves. Early seedlings always need additional lighting, so you need to think about ways to place lamps so that each tray of greens is illuminated evenly.

Technology for growing greens for sale

The next stage in preparing our plantation is soil preparation. It can be bought in special stores. However, if the businessman’s goal is still to earn money, then it is cheaper to prepare it yourself. For growing greenery at home or in a greenhouse, a substrate of ordinary forest soil is suitable. You don’t need to collect all of it, but select the one that is under the layer of leaves. It contains all the useful substances that our plants will need. Already at home, the soil is reseeded and loaded into trays installed at home or in a greenhouse. They can be wooden or plastic. The main thing is that their depth is at least 8-10 cm.

The process of planting seeds itself is not complicated. It is carried out in the same way as in open ground, following the recommendations indicated on the seed manual. But you shouldn’t plant it all at once. To obtain a stable harvest over a long period of time, only 10% of the entire available area is first sown. After a few days, the seeds are planted on the same number of pallets. This scheme works optimally when you have at least 15 sq.m. areas ready for sowing. So growing fresh herbs at home will bring the expected income.

After the plants grow, you need to harvest on time. Special attention give onions. If you overexpose it, the feather begins to turn yellow and the onion loses its presentation. Parsley and dill are less demanding, although their young leaves emit more fresh aroma. Overexposed stems of greens become rough and tough. Greens are usually packaged immediately after cutting. The fewer mechanical movements it will be exposed, the better its presentation will be preserved.

How much can you earn?

Business in fresh herbs at home is not only about the ability to grow crops at home. You still need to be able to sell it. If an entrepreneur does his business on his own, he will not have time to stand in the market. It is better to find a wholesale buyer who will pick up the goods in batches at an affordable price. If such a home business has a family format and the owner has assistants, then implementation will be easier. You can set up sales through your own retail outlet.

The peculiarity of business is its seasonality. This is not to say that greens are not in demand in the summer, it’s just that it’s most profitable to sell them in winter and early spring. By the way, during these months a kilogram of herbs usually costs more than meat or fish. So, over the course of a year, 1 kg of dill costs an average of 90 rubles per kilogram. With the onset of cold weather, its price increases 1.5-2 times. This amount of dill at home can be obtained from approximately 1 sq.m. area. The costs of seeds, electricity and fertilizers account for approximately 30% of the final price of greens. It is easy to calculate that for every kilogram of crop grown, the farmer will receive 60 rubles of net profit. In the winter season, this amount will be 90-120 rubles. If you only sow 2 acres of land with dill, then you can harvest 200 kg of fresh herbs from it. Other crops that can be grown for sale at home or in a greenhouse have approximately the same profitability.

Step-by-step plan for starting a business

In order to set up your own business of growing greens for sale, you will need to conduct a market analysis in the region where you are opening it. After that, analyze your competitors, their products, etc. After this you need:

undergo state registration;
rent or buy land plot;
build greenhouses and purchase necessary equipment, related material;
find markets for the grown product, etc.

How much money do you need to start a business?

If a decision was made to grow greens with subsequent sale on a land plot whose area does not exceed 1,500 square meters, at least one million rubles will be required. Financial investments will concern the rental of land and the purchase of greenhouses, equipment and other expenses.

How to choose equipment

The main equipment for growing greens for sale is greenhouses. In addition, you will need to purchase heating equipment, auxiliary tools, etc.

What OKVED code must be specified for growing greens for sale?

Regardless of the legal form, during registration you will need to reflect the OKVED code according to which you will carry out business activities. For growing greens for sale, code 01.13 is indicated, which includes the cultivation of various vegetables and melons, root crops and truffles, mushrooms and tubers.

What documents are needed to open

Depending on the chosen legal form, the package of documents required for registration will also depend. You can undergo state registration as an individual entrepreneur or choose a legal form - peasant farm. In cases of establishing a large business - a limited liability company. The best option will become an individual entrepreneur, since it will be necessary to collect a minimum of documents, and the registration period does not exceed 5 days. LLCs require the submission of a more impressive package of documents.

Which tax system to choose for growing greens for sale

For farmers, the most favorable regime under which the tax will be paid is the unified agricultural tax. It provides for the payment of a tax of 6% on the profit received.

Do I need permission to open?

As for special permits for opening a business for growing greens for sale, they are not required, nor is there a need to obtain additional licenses.

Even a child will say that greens are healthy, tasty and in demand by housewives throughout the year. And the Internet is filled with advice that you can quickly and easily make money by growing greens. However, in fact, in order for growing greens in a greenhouse to be developed as a profitable business, and not to fail at the very first batch of “green vitamins,” you need to carefully study a lot of nuances.

Green business: where to start

Greens are truly present on the table in every home: fresh, dried or frozen, they complement the taste of any dish, and in winter time provides the body with much-needed vitamins. And women who watch their figure are your potential regular customers.

The most popular greens sell well regardless of the time of year

When you start drawing up a business plan, as in the famous program, you must answer a number of questions: “What?”, “Where?” and when?".
So what to grow? As practice shows, dill is most loved by our fellow citizens, green onions, parsley, basil, sorrel, cilantro, celery and lettuce. Other types of greens also find their buyers, but you shouldn’t immediately devote a huge area to growing them - first check the laws of consumer demand through personal experience.
Where to grow? Of course, having only beds, you will not be able to compete with the owners of greenhouses where greens are grown all year round. It’s good if you can create the necessary microclimate in the greenhouse to get a harvest regardless of the season.

You can change the range of your products depending on the season and fluctuations in consumer demand

When to grow? If the equipment and financial capabilities allow you to create heating and artificial light in the greenhouse, then do not stop the growing process all year round. Agree, the New Year and Christmas holidays contribute to a significant increase in demand for fresh “green” products.

Growing greens for sale: myths and reality

In order to draw up a business plan that corresponds to reality, you need to abandon the illusions that various online publications instill in novice “agricultural businessmen.”

Myth No. 1 “Growing greens in your own greenhouse as a business does not require special investments”

A greenhouse for greenery must be equipped with heating, ventilation and lighting systems

Indeed, if you plant several beds, the costs of purchasing seeds, watering and care will be minimal. Then you can sell the surplus harvest and recoup the same minimum costs. If you grow large quantities of high-quality (!) greens all year round, then you will need:

greenhouse equipment (if you don’t already have one);
seeds;
fertilizers;
insecticides;
watering (it would be more correct to irrigate the greens using the drip irrigation method);
utility costs: water, electricity - heating in the cold season;
transport for delivering goods to the point of sale (fuel costs and depreciation).

Correlate all these indicators with the area of the greenhouse and you will get the amount that you will need to successfully start a “green” business. Once you understand how much money you will need to get started, be sure to also consider the financial and time costs of the growing process per year.

Important! Don't forget about the so-called man hours: will you be able to do the work yourself or will you need assistants (who probably also need to be paid).

And when the economic justification (business plan) seems to be ready, then something comes up about which initial stage Everyone forgets - the tax base.

Important! For wholesale trade you must obtain the status of an entrepreneur, and in this case you must take into account the tax base

Without the status of an entrepreneur, it is unlikely that you will be able to work with wholesale sales.

Myth No. 2 “With 1 m2 you can get 5 kg of fresh herbs”

Once you've completed the first part of your business plan and figured out how much money you need to enter the green market, it's time to calculate your future income. You should know that not every type of green will give you the promised 5 kg per day. square meter, especially if you plant the plants correctly - that is, not too densely.

Greens must be planted correctly, following the recommendations for sowing density

Next you should find out the cost of 1 kg. Moreover, if you sell your product yourself (without intermediaries), then you can focus on the retail price, and if you supply greens to points of sale as a wholesaler, then the price per kilogram will be wholesale (lower).
To put it simply, when your expected income exceeds expenses, the business will be successful. However, you must understand that net profit will appear only after a certain number of months, when the “starting” investment has paid off.

Myth No. 3 “Growing greens does not require special knowledge”

Yes, growing greens is not as difficult as, for example, Dutch varieties of roses. But you will need to take the time to delve into the topic:

how to prepare seeds;
according to what scheme to plant;
how, when and how much to water;
what quality and temperature should the water for irrigation be;
how to prevent pests;
how to treat plants for diseases;
how to provide proper lighting for each type of greenery;

An example of organizing the necessary lighting for greenery in a greenhouse

what microclimate to create for plants;
when to harvest;
and how to deliver it safe and sound to the place of sale.

If you are ready to answer all these questions right now, then you really don't need any additional preparation.

Basic rules for growing greens for sale

To grow for sale, choose greens that are early maturing and hardy.
It will be more profitable to buy seeds from wholesalers if the area of your greenhouse is large.
To prevent soil depletion, alternate planting different types greenery in certain areas.
Fertilize the soil.
Before planting, sort out the seeds and soak them in water, as you do with vegetable seeds (this will speed up their germination).
To constantly get a harvest, do not plant all the greens at once, but in stages: after 10-12 days, a new batch.

Greenhouse prepared for planting different types of greenery

Arrangement of a greenhouse for growing greens for sale

To calculate the profitability of a “green” business, it is important to take into account the region of your residence: in the southern part of the country, daylight hours are longer and there are no too severe frosts in winter, so the cost of heating and lighting greenhouses will be 3-3.5 times less than in middle lane Russia. Therefore, sometimes in winter it is more profitable to grow greens in warm regions, and then deliver them to colder ones - transport costs may be less than energy costs.

A polycarbonate greenhouse is best suited for growing greenery for sale.

For growing greens for sale all year round, a polycarbonate greenhouse with a metal frame is best suited. It's all about thermal insulation and the degree of light transmission:

A glass greenhouse does not retain heat well, so it will have to be heated continuously in winter (this will increase the cost of growing greenery several times). As for the summer period, glass is not capable of necessary measure protect plants from burns under sun rays. In addition, the construction of such a greenhouse itself is expensive. If we talk about safety precautions, fragments from damaged glass can injure greenhouse workers.
Polyethylene greenhouses are generally very difficult to consider as an option for winter growing of greenery. In summer, plants in such a greenhouse may not receive enough light. But the construction of the greenhouse itself will cost you little.
A polycarbonate greenhouse retains the temperature inside well while allowing sufficient light to pass through from the outside. The cost of constructing the structure is average (compared to previous options).

Shelves for growing herbs significantly increase the usable area of the greenhouse

If your greenhouse is too small for growing herbs for sale, then build shelving - and the plants can be placed in several tiers. Thus, the usable area will increase by 2 or even 3 times.

How to prepare greens for sale

It’s not enough to grow good greens, you need to offer them correctly to the buyer. And even if you work as a wholesaler, a lot depends on your efforts in this matter.

It is important not only to grow good greens, but also to offer them beautifully to the buyer

Some greens can be sold by weight (green onions, parsley, dill), but more often - in bunches. Bunches are formed in the evening. To do this, carefully fold the stem to the stem and wrap it with thread. To prevent the greens from wilting, place them in a container of water (only the stems are dipped).

Important! To make the business of growing greens profitable, you need to agree on supplies from as many points as possible: shops, cafes and restaurants, markets.

It is due to high turnover product you can make your business profitable. You can even invite a wholesale buyer to the greenhouse so that he can be convinced of the quality of your products and your compliance with all sanitary standards. After all, large retail chains and well-known restaurants value their reputation, so they will not agree to purchase goods of dubious quality.

How to organize a business growing greens: video

Growing greens for sale: photo

Having an equipped greenhouse, you can grow a wide variety of greens all year round - plants, top part which are edible. Parsley grows excellently different kinds lettuce and onion, dill. These crops are unpretentious and can easily withstand winter if an atmosphere favorable for them is created. Growing greens in a greenhouse is a profitable and practical activity. After all, fresh greenery will be on the gardener’s table all year round, and after reaping a rich harvest, you can think about opening your own business.

Dill and parsley can be grown in a greenhouse all year round

Productivity directly depends on the greenhouse in which the crops are grown. Not only the temperature and humidity, the rich composition of the soil, the organization of planting, the frequency of watering, but also the design of the greenhouse itself are important.

Green onions, lettuce, dill and parsley, being unpretentious crops, will grow in any greenhouse. If you plan to grow greenery in a greenhouse for a long time in winter, it is better to initially spend effort and money on building a good greenhouse structure. Wooden is the most ideal option. But such a building will cost the gardener a pretty penny. A more economical and suitable choice is to make a greenhouse from polycarbonate; this material is durable and lasts a long time. In addition, it can reduce heat loss, which means you can use heating sparingly.

A polycarbonate greenhouse is ideal for growing greenery

The structure can be built small or very spacious. It all depends on financial capabilities and the territory allocated for the greenhouse. It is not very convenient to work in a small building. The optimal building height is from 1.5 to 2.5 meters. It is preferable to locate the building on the south side of the site. The greenhouse must be protected from drafts and wind.

How to equip a greenhouse

Before growing greens in a greenhouse in winter, it must be equipped. What should you pay attention to, especially if you plan to harvest all year round?

Arrangement plan

The interior design of a greenhouse always begins with planning. At this stage, you need to decide on the main components of success:

Consider heating the entire room, especially along those walls that cannot be heated by sunlight.
Lack of lighting in winter can affect yields. Better install lamps daylight so that all plants receive a sufficient portion of lighting.
Decide how the crops will be planted. These can be ordinary beds or multi-tiered racks.

Which is better - a rack or a bed?

Useful planting area is used uneconomically;
you will have to weed, water, dig, harvest, bending or crawling on your knees;
the beds will need more water for irrigation and heat to warm the soil.

Equipping a greenhouse with shelving

If the greenhouse is equipped with shelving, you can increase the planting area. In addition, caring for crops that are planted in boxes and pallets is much easier and more economical. That's not all positive sides this option for organizing a landing site.

When growing greens in boxes, useful planting area is significantly saved. If you put them on 2-3-tier racks, you will be able to harvest a lot more harvest.
The soil laid out on the rack itself warms up faster, and this makes it possible to shorten the growth period of crops by an average of two weeks. The heat is retained for a long time, which significantly saves the electricity needed to operate the heating system.
To water the greens planted on the shelves, you will need very little water. If you cover the bottom with film, the moisture will remain longer.
It is easier to organize lighting for crops. Above each rack it is enough to install fluorescent lamp, and there will be enough light.

When the greenhouse is equipped, you can begin preparing the soil and planting greenery.

How to grow green onions in a greenhouse all year round

Young onions are green onions, which are used all year round. It is added during the preparation of first and second courses, salads and appetizers. It is often frozen so that this product is available on the farm in winter, but the feathers of fresh young onions taste much better. Varieties such as Spassky and Troitsky grow superbly.

Harvesting green onions

Which bow to choose

Growing onions is a profitable business. These greens are in demand in the grocery market all year round. To gather rich and good harvest, building a greenhouse and mastering the intricacies of growing crops is not enough. You still need to decide on the variety and type of plant. What onions are in demand among gardeners? Of all the varieties, several can be distinguished:

Onion - perennial, the harvest of which is harvested from the onset of spring until late autumn. Bulbs are not formed during growth, and feathers resemble onion greens. The plant easily survives winter. It is planted with the arrival of December. Of all the varieties of this type of onion, gardeners distinguish Gribovsky-21, Saladny, Maisky.
Slime onions have a milder taste with a pleasant garlicky smell. The species is not capricious, is not afraid of frost, but loves high humidity. Planted in any season.
Multi-tiered onions (Gribovsky-38, winter Odessa) are considered one of the best for greenhouse cultivation.
Gardeners have a special love for onions. This variety is capable of producing many leaves and renews itself quickly. The greens have a pleasant taste with a slight bitterness. In the appropriate climate and proper care growing quickly.

Preparatory stage of growing onions

Proper cultivation of onions in a greenhouse for a rich harvest

Although green onions are unpretentious, it is still necessary to adhere to some rules of care and cultivation subtleties in order to reap a rich harvest of this crop in winter. It is better to plant in stationary equipped greenhouses. It also grows well in greenhouses under a film covering, but the taste of the plant will be different from what it is used to.

The first step is to prepare the soil. Dig up the soil, mixing with compost and manure. After this, you can fertilize with superphosphate (30 g per 1 m2) and potassium chloride (15 g per 1 m2). The crop is planted with seeds for seedlings or heads.

Rules for planting bulbs

Small bulbs are selected for planting - about 3-5 cm. Each one is checked for integrity and quality. If the bulb is damaged or there is rot on it, such planting material is not suitable.

Planting techniques vary depending on the season. In October, the bulbs are planted at a distance of 1 cm from each other. If the work is carried out in March, then there should be at least 5 centimeters between the bulbs.

If you decide to plant seedlings, it is better to do this in early March. The seeds must first be prepared. They are filled with a small amount of water and left indoors for several days. Some gardeners recommend a quick way to prepare seeds: they are dipped in 40-degree water and left for 7-8 hours. Next, the seeds are placed in containers filled with soil. You can replant the sprouts a couple of months after germination.

An idea on how to plant onion seedlings in a greenhouse

How to care for green onions

Caring for greenhouse onions is not troublesome. The plant is unpretentious, but it needs the care and attention of the owner. Tips on how to grow greens in a greenhouse from experienced plant growers will help everyone who is just starting to do this:

once a season, the onions need to be fed with ammonium nitrate (30 g diluted in a bucket of water);
It is important to water the plant abundantly and often; it cannot exist without water;
it is necessary to constantly monitor the condition of the soil - the slightest stagnation of moisture can provoke the appearance of rot;
be sure to monitor the temperature in the greenhouse: onions are comfortable in winter during the day at 19 degrees, at night at 12;
any onion variety is afraid of drafts;
you should periodically check whether the greens are sick;
As soon as the onion leaves grow to 30 cm, they need to be cut off.

How to grow dill all year round in a greenhouse

It is also possible to harvest a rich harvest of dill all year long if you plant the greens in a greenhouse. The plant is a little capricious, but with proper care and creating an atmosphere favorable for growth, you will be able to become the owner of a fluffy and fragrant greenfinch.

A favorable atmosphere in the greenhouse and the secrets of caring for dill

In order for the plant to grow, it is necessary to create a favorable atmosphere. Dill does not like frequent changes in climate and conditions. With proper care, the first harvest can be harvested within a couple of months after planting. In order for the greens to have time to grow and gain benefits by December, the seeds should be sown in early autumn.

Fresh dill in the greenhouse

Experienced gardeners have their own special technology for growing greens in greenhouses. Their advice is worth listening to:

Dill needs constant moisture. It needs to be sprayed several times a day.
It is important not to allow the temperature in the greenhouse with this plant to drop below 15 degrees.
It is recommended to water with not very cool water, at room temperature.
Ventilate the greenhouse periodically, but carefully. Avoid exposure to cold, wind and drafts.
It is better to plant already germinated seedlings.
After 2-3 weeks it is necessary to sow the dill.
After watering, do not forget to loosen the soil.
The backlight should be constantly on at night. The plant is a light-loving plant, but in winter it really lacks daylight.
Fertilize the soil periodically, but do not overdo it with microelements.

Dill loves high humidity and a lot of light

Gardeners recommend that anyone who is just starting to grow greens in a greenhouse in winter acquire sensors that will help monitor humidity, room temperature and soil conditions.

Soil requirements

Dill does not care about the composition of the soil at all. It can grow safely in sandy or clay soil. But, wanting to collect nicely big harvest, the soil composition will have to be enriched before transferring the seedlings to the greenhouse. It is best to mix the soil with humus and fertilize it with minerals in advance. It is important that after all manipulations with fertilizers, the soil remains neutral acidic. Otherwise, dill greens are doomed to disease.

The first harvest of dill will be small. Don't despair. Next time, when it grows and gains strength, about 2 kg of greenfinch can be collected from each meter of the bed. Moreover, dill grown in a home greenhouse is much tastier and healthier than what stores sell in winter.

Features of growing parsley in winter greenhouses

Parsley is a green herb that can be easily grown in a greenhouse. She is practically not afraid of anything and does not require special care. It can be planted in beds or in shallow large containers.

Growing parsley in a greenhouse

There are two ways to grow parsley: using seeds or roots. In both cases, you will be able to harvest a fragrant harvest by winter.

Growing from seeds

For a square meter you will need about 2 grams of seeds. They must first be prepared: the seeds are placed in a damp gauze bag for 5-6 days. It is important to prevent it from drying out. On the sixth day, small sprouts will appear.

To quickly get the first parsley harvest, the seeds after germination are sent to the refrigerator. The temperature should be constant and no more than 2 degrees. So, they remain cool for about 10 days, and after that, the parsley is transplanted into a greenhouse.

According to gardeners who practice this method of seed preparation, the yield increases significantly. From a meter-long plot in winter, it is possible to collect more than a kilogram of herbs.

Growing parsley from roots

If you are not looking for easy ways and are not afraid of difficulties, you can try growing parsley from a root vegetable. This process is complex, long and troublesome. Root crops must be prepared in a special way before planting in a greenhouse.

Parsley roots for forcing greens

To do this, they are first kept in a sand mass for several days. It is important that a temperature corridor of +2 to +3 degrees is ensured. After this, the parsley roots are planted in a deep (about 15 cm) furrow. Before this, the soil is abundantly filled with water. Suitable for planting are those that weigh about 60 grams, have a healthy appearance and a well-functioning upper bud. Parsley root crops are planted at an angle. There is a small distance between them.

The harvest takes approximately 40-45 days. By this time, the parsley will have already grown about 25 cm. If all planting rules are followed and proper care is taken, about 8 kg of greenery can be harvested from a square meter of land.

Growing lettuce in a greenhouse

Growing this type of greenery, such as lettuce, in a greenhouse is very simple. It is unpretentious and most varieties are not particularly demanding on living conditions. It ripens quickly; after about 20 days the first harvest can be harvested. It tolerates winter easily. You don’t need to have extensive gardening experience to become the owner of a magnificent and delicious salad, grown with one's own hands in a greenhouse or hotbed.

How to plant lettuce

The most suitable period for planting lettuce is September-December. If the first winter harvest has already been harvested, you can replant from January until April.

Rich harvest of lettuce grown in a greenhouse

Lettuce seeds are very small, so they need to be planted in a shallow, about 1 cm furrow. It is necessary to prepare the soil in advance: loosen it, remove all lumps. Make a distance of about 20-25 cm between the furrows. As soon as the first young shoots appear, it is necessary to water them daily.

Combine the soil for growing lettuce in a greenhouse with humus, peat and sand, and be sure to add organic matter in a neutral or slightly acidic environment. The soil is fertilized before the next planting of lettuce after the entire crop has been harvested.

Subtleties and secrets of growing lettuce in greenhouses

When planting lettuce, the natural desire of the grower is to collect more mature crops. It is important that the plant grows without rotting or getting sick. Suffering especially often root system. Therefore, when watering (preferably in the morning), you should ensure that the soil dries out and prevent stagnation of liquid. In a greenhouse during the day, lettuce will be comfortable at 18-20 degrees; at night, it is better to lower the temperature to 10.

Greenhouse salad is in high demand

For anyone who has decided to start a salad in their greenhouse, it would be a good idea to learn a few tips from experienced gardeners:

the beds should be loosened periodically, regularly removing weeds;
it is desirable that the salad receives a lot (about 16 hours) of light, especially in winter;
when the leaves grow about 8 cm, you can harvest;
leaf lettuce is pulled out from the ground by the roots, the head lettuce is cut off near the outlet;
To keep the leaves fresh, you need to collect them early in the morning and then put them in a cool place.

Growing greens in a greenhouse is an interesting and profitable activity.

Dill, parsley, green onions, leaf or head lettuce are always in demand, especially in winter. Based on the advice and recommendations of experienced gardeners, you can quickly learn how to grow these crops, and later actually provide not only your family with fresh natural products, but also, by combining business with pleasure, make good money.

The popularization of a healthy lifestyle has led to an increased demand for plant-based foods. Vegetables and herbs have ceased to be a seasonal product and now appear on Russian tables at any time of the year. In these conditions, greenhouse farming is becoming one of the most promising business areas. We offer you a business plan for growing greens in a greenhouse all year round.

Brief summary

The project includes initial costs for the construction of greenhouses, their equipment, as well as ongoing (monthly) costs for food production. For example, we took fresh herbs. The product is in demand, but requires quick implementation. The proximity of the farm to the consumer - residents of St. Petersburg - allows you to create a profitable business.

Brief characteristics of the project designed for the Leningrad region:

the amount of initial investment is 351,000 rubles;
payback period – 36 months;
monthly profit forecast – 31,500 rubles. per month.

The finished products are expected to be sold through chain food outlets of Pyaterochka, SPAR, Dixy, Lenta, OK stores.

Project Description

Proposed business plan winter greenhouse allows you to organize work for the entire calendar year, regardless of the weather and season. This approach reduces the payback period and allows you to create a company with flexible scaling capabilities (increase productivity in the summer season, maintain a minimum level of production in winter).

Enterprise characteristics

The farm should be located as close to the city as possible. For example, in the village. Roshchino. The village has water and electricity supply. The distance to St. Petersburg is no more than 50 minutes by car. This will allow you to spend a minimum of time in the future on delivering products to stores (by hired transport) or shipping goods directly from the greenhouse if you sign a pickup agreement.

Niche in the market

The greenhouse industry will have to work in conditions of serious competition. The same products (dill, lettuce, onions, etc.) are offered by at least 30 companies. Attracting customers who already have supply contracts can only be achieved by a low price combined with more convenient service conditions.

The key to assessing competitive advantages are:

cost of production - payback is calculated based on the average market price at the time of writing;
availability of additional services – delivery to the client’s main warehouse, delivery to stores, etc.

The prospect for business development is simple. You can start with a limited assortment, for example, lettuce - it grows quickly and requires almost nothing. Gradually, when large wholesale clients appear, additional greenhouses can be launched where green onions, dill, parsley, and other herbs will be grown.

Marketing strategy

Marketing strategy includes:

direct search for wholesale consumers through cold calling;
distribution of advertising brochures, business cards offering prices and terms;
creation and development of an Internet site.

It is best to find customers for the first batch already at the time of sowing. This will help to avoid losses associated with damage to the goods.

Production plan

In the presence of artificial lighting and additional heating, the greenhouse will be able to operate all year round.

With a greenhouse size of 10 by 5 m and a lamp height of 2.5 m, the total number of lamps will be 60 pcs. The combined light flux will provide a favorable atmosphere for the growth of lettuce leaves. One block with LED lamps with calculated characteristics costs 1,500 rubles, the initial costs of light will quickly pay off thanks to the low energy consumption and long service life of LEDs.

Equipment for equipping a greenhouse

For 1 sq. m you can grow up to 2 kg of lettuce leaves per month. For 50 sq. m production will produce up to 100-150 kg of products per cycle. You can grow up to 300 kg per month in one greenhouse (up to 900 kg in three). H2Organizational plan

At the first stage, the need for personnel will be minimal. As the business expands, several more greenhouses will need to be installed. Thus, the business of growing parsley/dill in a greenhouse for sale requires separate premises where the optimal regime for each crop is established.

The greenhouse staffing schedule looks like this:

worker - 2 people working in shifts according to a 2/2 schedule (wage 25 thousand rubles);
manager - an employee involved in sales, paperwork and searching for new clients (salary will be 40 thousand rubles).

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Financial plan

Monthly expenses include costs for water supply, electricity, and wages. One-time expenses are divided by the number of months according to the payback plan. This approach allows you to create a debt repayment schedule if funds are borrowed, or a return on investment when spending your own money.

List of one-time costs

List of fixed (monthly) costs

Calculation of enterprise payback:

One-time expenses per month – 20,000 rubles;
Monthly costs – 48,000 rubles;
The cost of one kilogram of products (based on 900 kg of production per month) is 75 rubles.

With the average market cost of a salad being 110 rubles. we get 35 rubles. profit from every kilogram of product. In total, you can earn up to 31,500 rubles per month. net profit. And this is only for growing one type of greenery. Expanding the range will increase profits in proportion to the volumes produced.

Risk management

The main risk of growing greens in a greenhouse for sale in winter is breakage electrical appliances(lighting, heating). If you provide a way quick replacement broken modules, the risk level will decrease.

The rest depends on the owner - finding customers for the products, arrangements for pickup without the need for preliminary storage. With a systematic increase in the range and volume of cultivation, greenhouse farming can very quickly become a highly profitable business.

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Sales of products
- - - Similar business ideas:

In contrast to common schemes for growing greens in dachas and gardens for personal purposes, this article is devoted to the issue of growing greens from a business point of view. To obtain an acceptable income from the sale of onions, parsley and dill, an industrial approach is required, that is, to produce such a volume of product that can cover all our costs and bring in the coveted profit. An important point in this regard is the production of greens at a time when the demand for it is highest and the supply is limited. This can only be achieved with the use of technologies that reduce the influence of seasonality. The most common and, perhaps, the only method in temperate climates is the use of greenhouses for plants.

The most suitable greens for growing in greenhouses are: dill, parsley, coriander, lettuce, onions, radishes.

In this article we will not dwell in detail on the intricacies of greenhouse technologies, since there is a lot of literature on this issue on the Internet. We will only briefly describe the main technical points.

Step-by-step plan for starting a greens growing business

Firstly, the size of the greenhouse and its design are important. For example, to grow 10 tons of parsley for 6 months, a greenhouse area of about 1500 m2 or 15 acres of land is required. The structure of the greenhouse should be metal with a polycarbonate coating and a side ventilation system. According to agronomic calculations, the area of the opening film should be less than 25% of the area of the greenhouse on the ground. There are a lot of offers on the Internet for the sale of such turnkey greenhouses.

Secondly, it is advisable to grow greens using a conveyor belt method, that is, remove 1 ton and plant 1 ton. At good heating You can plant green seeds as early as March. For convenience and labor optimization, it is advisable to divide the greenhouse into spans of 25 m2;

Thirdly, to maintain the principle of crop rotation when growing different types of plants, the greenhouse is also divided into several sectors. Greens are planted in one sector, which consumes a lot of nutrients, for example onion. In another sector you can plant less demanding types of greens, such as parsley, dill, lettuce, etc.

At the same time, the composition of the soil and the amount of fertilizer are not so important. According to experts, greens grow even on sawdust, and spraying with urea is used as fertilizer. And if mold suddenly appears on the greenery, then the plants are treated with potassium permanganate.

In order to produce greens on an industrial scale, you must register your activities. Let us highlight the main organizational steps:

Which tax system to choose for registering a business growing greens

1. Registration entrepreneurial activity(Individual entrepreneur, peasant farm) or organization (LLC). What is the difference, and what organizational and legal form to choose? Read the article: individual entrepreneur or LLC?;

2. After registering the legal form, you should choose a tax system. The best option is the unified agricultural tax (USAT), since this is the most favorable taxation regime for farmers. Tax rate only 6% of profit;

3. If you plan to hire workers, which is very likely, then you need to register as an employer with the Pension Fund of Russia ( Pension Fund) and FSS (social insurance fund), since insurance premiums must be paid for your employees. You can read how to hire an employee on our website.

How much money do you need to start a business growing greens?

As for the costs of starting a business, these include:

Earth. It is good if the property already has a plot of land. If not, then you need to either rent or purchase it. 20 acres of land, depending on the location, can cost from 100 thousand rubles and more. Do not forget that the area of land on which a greenhouse will be installed for growing greenery for the purpose of generating income must be transferred to the appropriate type of permitted use. More details about this can be found in the local department of land and property relations;
Purchase of a greenhouse. A greenhouse on a metal frame with a polycarbonate coating with an area of 1500 m2 (15 acres) will cost about 500 thousand rubles. Such a greenhouse will allow you to grow several tons of greenery in one season;
Other expenses, which include delivery and installation of the greenhouse, preparation of permits, registration of business activities, installation of communications (heating), purchase of planting material and fertilizers, etc. In general, such events will cost at least 300 thousand rubles.

As a result, the cost of starting a business for growing greens in a greenhouse with an area of 1500 m2 will be about 1 million rubles.

Investments for opening such a farm can be obtained in the following ways:

Bank loan. Some banks provide preferential loans to agricultural organizations at low interest rates;
State support for beginning farmers to start their own business. For example, the Ministry Agriculture The Russian Federation has approved a program to support farms for 2012 - 2014, according to which subsidies will be issued annually for the development of peasant farms. The amount of support reaches 1.5 million rubles per applicant;
Funds from a private investor. In order to attract private investment in your business, you need to draw up a competent business plan.

Sales of products

No business will operate without a market for its products or services. Therefore, before investing a lot of money in a “green” business, you should decide on the channels for selling your products.

Possible markets for grown greens:

Wholesale bases;
Wholesale resellers who are ready to pick up greens at their own expense;
Retail outlets, as well as markets, chain stores, vegetable stalls;
Processors are food production enterprises, as well as cafes, restaurants, canteens, and so on.

It is possible to sell greens on bulletin boards. There is Agrobazar.ru - a message board for farmers where you can sell greens in bulk without resorting to intermediaries. Do you want to know more about working with Avito and other similar services? See how to receive stable income on message boards.

How much can you earn from growing greens?

Now regarding the selling price and possible income from the sale of greens. For example, the wholesale price of green onions in spring averages 100 rubles/kg.

That is, having grown and sold 10 tons of greens, the farmer receives revenue of 1 million rubles. If you subtract from this amount the fixed and variable costs of growing greens (wages, heating, taxes, etc.), the profit will be half of this amount or 500 thousand rubles.

Do not forget that the maximum demand for greens is in the month of April. It is during this period that the main “cream” is skimmed from the sale of greenhouse products, when the price of greens reaches 130-150 rubles/kg.

Also, experienced farmers claim that the most profitable period for selling green onions is August and September, when all the grandmothers have sold their greens in the markets, and competitors are busy growing cucumbers and tomatoes.

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