We build a country house - economically, independently, with high quality. Country house - step-by-step construction technology Do-it-yourself small country house
Most summer residents live outside the city only in the summer and do not need expensive permanent houses. They want to have a roof over their heads and living space large enough to accommodate family members. Economy class country panel houses are optimally suited for these purposes.
Advantages of country frame-panel houses
Panel houses are popular due to the following advantages:
- High pace of construction - 2 - 6 weeks
- Low cost - 3 - 8 thousand rubles / sq. m. m versus 18 thousand rubles/sq. m for houses with brick walls
- Low weight, which allows the use of cheap shallow foundations
- Resistance to frost heaving forces
- Possibility of manufacturing parts in the factory, which improves the quality of construction and simplifies assembly
- No shrinkage
- Large selection of architectural solutions
- Possibility of insulating and adapting the house for year-round use
Panel house design
The house consists of a wooden or metal frame covered with panels. The metal frame is made of rectangular pipes, the wooden frame is made of timber. For external cladding use:
- Lining
- Corrugated sheet
- Moisture resistant plywood
- Asbestos cement sheets
- Siding
The internal lining can be made of less moisture-resistant materials. If the house is intended to be lived in all year round, insulation is installed in the walls.
One of the most popular materials for cladding houses is siding. The right one will help protect the walls of the house from external influences. During installation, be sure to take into account possible dimensional changes due to thermal expansion and contraction.
Before installing siding, you need to insulate the walls. Insulation under siding is discussed. The article contains information about the types of insulation, as well as the installation process.
Construction of panel houses
Construction companies offer services for the construction of turnkey panel country houses or a set of parts for self-construction. The first option frees the developer from most of the problems, the second allows you to build a panel house for your dacha with your own hands and save money.
Project selection
A quality project is the basis for success when building a house. Serious companies engaged in the production of kits for panel houses and turnkey construction offer several dozen standard projects and offer custom design services.
Individual projects are quite expensive, so they are rarely used for economy-class houses. Construction according to a standard project allows you to save on design, and a wide selection of ready-made architectural solutions allows you to choose the design and layout of the house to your liking.
Foundations
Shallow columnar and strip foundations and screw piles are used for lightweight panel houses.
- Shallow columnar foundations can reduce costs and shorten construction time. The columns are installed in increments of 1.5 - 3 meters under the external walls and piers, at the corners of the building and in the places where the internal walls meet the external ones. They are made from logs, concrete, red brick, bentonite and foundation blocks. Laying depth is up to 40 cm, the cross-section must exceed the thickness of the walls. To increase stability, the pillars are connected with wooden or reinforced concrete beams
- Columnar foundations do not allow for a warm basement. If its construction is provided for by the project, a shallow strip foundation is made under the outer walls, and a columnar foundation under the inner walls. The laying depth and width of the tape are the same as for a columnar foundation. Strip foundations are made of concrete, rubble stone or foundation blocks
- On weak soils, foundations on screw piles are used. Their use allows you to support the house on solid soil located deep from the surface. A foundation on screw piles can be constructed in 1 - 2 days without the use of heavy equipment
Frame
The frame of a panel country house can be built from a kit manufactured in a factory or from purchased materials, in-house or by a contractor. Construction of a turnkey house removes most of the problems from the developer, except for monitoring the work of the contractor - it becomes impossible to check the quality of the frame assembly after covering it.
When independently installing a frame from factory-made parts, you must follow the instructions and assembly diagram included with the kit. The work resembles the assembly of a construction set and is quite within the capabilities of a developer with construction experience.
The cheapest, but most troublesome option is to build your own using lumber. Depending on the size and number of storeys of the house, the frame is constructed from timber 100x100 - 150x150 mm or edged boards 50 mm thick.
Installation of the frame is carried out in the following sequence:
- Roofing felt waterproofing is laid on top of the foundation
- The base of the frame (bottom frame) is attached to the foundation using embedded parts or anchor bolts - a beam laid around the perimeter of the house and under the walls
- The logs are laid and the subfloor is laid. The logs rest on the edges of the foundation or frame beams
- The vertical posts of the frame are installed - first in the corners, then along the walls after 0.6 m. The posts are installed in grooves sawn in the bottom trim, secured with construction staples and nails and fixed first with temporary, then permanent jibs. At the same time, their verticality and location in the same plane are constantly monitored. Corner posts are made of timber; for intermediate posts, you can use an edged board of the same width with a thickness of 50 mm
- The top trim is made on top of the racks. Frame door and window openings
All wooden structures must be impregnated with antiseptic compounds.
Usually people live in country houses in the summer. But what if you want to live in such a house in winter? must be reliably insulated from the inside and outside.
Regardless of the season of residence, hardly any country house can do without a barbecue. Read about building a gazebo with a barbecue with your own hands. A conversation garden is not only a great place for family time, but also an excellent landscaping element. Another element of landscape design can be a polycarbonate canopy. The step-by-step installation of polycarbonate with your own hands is considered.
Ceiling and roofing
Wooden floor beams are laid on the top frame frame and secured with construction staples. With a span width of 3 - 4 meters, a 50x150 mm board is used, with a larger span - a beam of 100x150 - 150x150 mm. The beam laying step is 0.6 m. In this case, panels (modules) 1.8 m wide are used to cover the ceiling.
Rafter trusses are made on the ground according to a template from boards 50x120 - 50x150 m. First, the outer rafters are installed, then the intermediate ones, controlling the location of the rafter boards in the same plane. Next, they make the sheathing and lay the roof. Roofing materials for a panel house should be light, such as:
- Bituminous shingles
- Metal tiles
- Corrugated sheet
- Bituminous slate
Wall cladding
The width of the boards should be equal to the installation step of the frame racks, and the length should be equal to the height of the walls. Shields are made according to a template on a workbench in the following order:
- A frame is assembled from boards
- A vapor barrier polyethylene film is laid over the frame
- Perform internal lining of the frame
- The frame is turned over, insulation is inserted inside
- Cover the insulation with a windproof membrane
- Perform external cladding
The sheathing should protrude beyond the frame by half the width of the frame beams to hide them. The shield frame is lined with insulation around the perimeter and tightly inserted between the frame posts. Fastening is carried out with nails. When using sheet materials, you can do without a frame. Panels cut to size are attached directly to the frame, and insulation is inserted between the studs.
As can be seen from the description, the construction of a country panel house can be done by a team of two or three people with average qualifications. Using factory modules significantly speeds up assembly. Just a few weeks after the start of assembling the frame, you can move into a country house and enjoy relaxing in nature.
Video about country panel houses
Simple country house
How to insulate a panel house with your own hands before covering it with siding
The easiest way to make a country house with your own hands is using frame house technology. We present to you 5 projects of frame houses with photos that will help you in choosing the layout and design of a country house. In addition to useful plans and photos, we will tell you about the basic points of building a frame house, which must be taken into account when choosing a project.
Frame house project 1:
open plan country house.
For a frame house, a columnar or columnar-strip foundation is usually used, which significantly reduces the cost of building a country house. After all, about 30% of the entire construction budget is spent on creating the foundation of a house.
A columnar foundation eliminates the need for a significant amount of excavation work and reduces the consumption of expensive building materials. This type of foundation does not require costly work on heat and waterproofing. Such a foundation is an excellent solution for sandy soil or soil with a high groundwater level.
In the context of building a country house with your own hands, you can use red baked Boo brick for a columnar foundation. Columns of two bricks are able to support a light one-story frame house.
In addition to bricks, you can choose concrete blocks or asbestos-cement pipes as supports. In the case of pipes, they will serve as a kind of permanent formwork for pouring concrete supports.
A properly constructed columnar foundation will last you more than 100 years. This is a good foundation option not only for a house, but also for any country buildings - bathhouses, sheds, gazebos, etc. It is fair to mention the disadvantage of a columnar foundation - the lack of a basement in a country house. If having a basement is important to you, then building a freestanding one may negate any savings from this type of foundation.
Frame house project 2:
country house-studio.
For the flooring in a frame house, wooden beams treated with an antiseptic and reinforced with cross members are used. The floor must be reliably insulated, because with a columnar foundation it is blown through. The main feature of a frame house is an effective insulation system.
Floor coverings in a frame house are a pie of rough floor boards, mineral wool, vapor barrier, OSB boards, underlayment for the finished floor and the finished floor. It is this design that guarantees a warm floor in the coldest winter.
The ceiling of a frame house has a similar structure, but the first element, instead of a subfloor, is a plasterboard slab.
The country house itself, built using frame construction technology, is a rigid frame made of wooden beams and corner braces that enhance the strength of the structure. All wood for the construction of the house is treated with antiseptics and modern impregnations against fire.
The outside of the frame house is sheathed with OSB boards and a windproof membrane. Then insulation (mineral wool, cellulose) is laid between the wooden posts and the “pie” is sewn up with a second OSB board on the inside.
High-quality insulation with modern materials - a kind of layer cake made of OSB, vapor barrier film and mineral wool will provide reliable warmth to the country house. A correctly made frame floor with a thickness of 10 cm corresponds to the thermal insulation of 2 m of a brick wall.
Frame house project 3:
The exterior finishing of a frame house is carried out according to the principle of a ventilated facade, where wooden slats are packed between the wall of the house and the cladding, which form an air gap that ensures the dryness of the insulation and thus increases its effectiveness in any weather.
A ventilated facade will increase the service life of the walls of a country house and smooth out sudden temperature changes.
The external cladding of a frame house can be made of wood, siding, brick, and decorative plaster. In fact, any material to suit your taste and budget is suitable for the exterior decoration of your home.
Frame house project 4:
small country house-hut.
Frame houses came to us from Scandinavia and Canada, where the climate is quite harsh and people know the value of a warm home.
Often, to an ignorant person, frame houses look like flimsy and unreliable buildings, but more and more summer residents are mastering the benefits of this modern technology.
Frame house project 5:
country house with two bedrooms.
Why is a frame house project attractive for building a country house with your own hands?
You can build a country house quickly in one season. You do not need to stretch out the construction for several years, when in the classic version for a brick country house the foundation is poured in one year, then the box is erected, then this structure must be allowed to settle to shrink, then finishing work must be done. In addition, such a house can be built almost all year round (down to a temperature of -15 degrees).
You can build a country house with your own hands. To build such a house, two people are enough, who can completely build such a house in 2-3 months. If you first carry out the work of studying the intricacies of building a frame house, completely decide on the project and calculate the consumption of materials, then building such a country house over the summer is quite a feasible task for any summer resident.
A frame country house is an economical construction option. If you have a limited budget, then using frame construction technologies, you will get not only a cheap, but also a modern, warm country house. You will save on building materials, on their delivery, and on paying builders. You can build such a house modularly - its design makes the possibility of further extensions as simple as possible. This way you can break the construction of a large house into several completed stages, in accordance with your budget.
You will have a warm country house and you will save on heating. The main thing in a frame house is modern insulation systems, when everything in the “pie” of OSB, insulating films and the insulation itself is well thought out, is in its place and works as efficiently as possible for one main goal - to provide maximum effective thermal insulation using optimal means.
You can build a country house on difficult soils. The lightweight construction of a frame house, a columnar foundation, is a solution for problematic soils, which can be appreciated by anyone who has already tried to build on their summer cottage, where, for example, groundwater is high.
Simplicity and cost-effectiveness of finishing work. By covering the inside of the floor of a frame house with OSB boards, you get a perfectly flat surface, on which it is then easy to carry out any finishing work.
Eco-friendly microclimate of a country house. A house built using frame construction technology has the same healthy microclimate as a wooden house.
If you know the tools at the everyday level, then having a well-thought-out project in hand, understanding all the norms and rules for the construction of frame houses, you will be able to build an economical, energy-saving, environmentally friendly country house with your own hands.
If you have recently purchased a summer cottage, then the issue of building a small country house is very relevant for you. You can store household items, expensive tools in it, as well as create a small lounge and kitchen. In this article we will look at how to make construction of a country house inexpensively with your own hands, and also find out which materials you can save a lot on.
Construction of a country house inexpensively with your own hands
Of course, like any construction, it also needs to start with calculating the budget. How much money are you willing to spend on this project? If enough, then you can think about building a brick house. Otherwise, it is recommended to use borrowed frame house technology. The advantages of this method are obvious - saving money, as well as the efficiency of the work performed. In just a couple of weeks your house will be ready for use.
Stages of construction of a country house:
Creating a project. If you do not want to contact a specialized agency, then you can create your own project that will be convenient for you personally. The main thing that you have to do in any case is to show your finished project to professionals in order to avoid possible problems in the future. As for the area of the future home, it all depends on your personal preferences and capabilities. 40 sq.m. is quite enough.
Purchase of building materials. What materials are needed to build a country house with your own hands? Today the market offers a huge variety of high-quality, efficient and durable materials that are suitable for any construction:
- Log or beam. Wood will be needed in any case. Depending on the quality of the raw materials, the cost of the timber will fluctuate. Carefully inspect the material; it is important that it is thoroughly dried.
- Brick or cinder block. They have low cost, durability and reliability. Although building a house using these materials will not greatly affect costs, be prepared to spend a significant amount on subsequent wall finishing.
- SIP panels. High-quality, modern materials that not only save your money, but also time. A house made from SIP panels is warm, dry and comfortable.
Important! If you want to save money on materials, study the market thoroughly. You will be able to find high-quality raw materials at a big discount. You should not focus on branded companies, since they are the ones who mark up more than 50% on the price.
Where to start building a country house on a summer cottage?
The most important element of any country house is the foundation. The service life of the structure, its reliability and strength depend on it. Of course, the foundation should not be neglected, since any mistake or wrong action will immediately result in cracks and splits in the walls. Before digging a trench for the foundation, carefully calculate the weight of future materials - walls, roofing, sheathing, insulation and finishing. All this adds kilograms. Typically, the depth of the foundation of a house should be at least 1 m. After pouring, it must be left for a month to compact and dry.
Immediately after the foundation, you can begin building the frame and installing the roof truss system. It is also worth considering high-quality sewerage. If there is a central sewer system, then you should buy a septic tank with outlets to the irrigation fields.
So, is it possible to build a country house? inexpensively with your own hands? Certainly. The main thing is to plan and not rush to buy materials from the first person you meet.
See also video:
DIY garden cottage
Do-it-yourself summer houses for relaxation
Most summer residents live outside the city only in the summer and do not need expensive permanent homes. They want a roof over their heads and living space large enough to accommodate family members.
How to build a house with your own hands?
An optimal economic pension is best suited for this purpose.
Advantages of summer cottages
House boards are popular due to the following advantages:
- High level of construction - 2-6 weeks
- Low cost - from 3 to 8 thousand rubles per square meter. m versus 18 thousand rubles. per square meter. m for houses with brick walls
- Low weight, allowing the use of cheap, shallow foundations
- Resistance to freezing forces
- The ability to manufacture parts at the factory, which improves the quality of construction and simplifies assembly
- No shrinkage
- Wide range of architectural solutions
- Ability to warm up and adapt at home for life
Panel house design
The house consists of a wooden or metal frame covered with panels.
The metal frame is made of a rectangular cross-section, and the wooden frame is made of a rod. For external coatings:
- Lamels
- OSB panels
- Profiled film
- Moisture resistant plates
- Asbestos cement slabs
- toilet
The inner leather is made of moisture-resistant materials.
If the house is to be lived in all year round, the walls are lined with insulation.
Construction of panel houses
Construction companies offer services for the construction of turnkey panel holiday homes or a set of parts for their own construction. The first option frees the builder from most of the problems, while the other allows you to build a house for your dacha and save money.
Project selection
A quality project is the basis for success in building a house.
Serious companies that produce panel houses and key building kits offer dozens of standard models and offer custom design services.
Individual projects are quite expensive, so they are rarely used for economy-class houses.
Creating a standard project allows you to save on design and a wide selection of already prepared architectural solutions - choose the desired design and location of the house.
foundations
Under the light panel house, spacers and notches are used with columns and strips and screw pilots.
- Small hidden pillars reduce costs and shorten construction time.
Columns are installed at intervals of 1.5 to 3 meters under external walls and columns, at the corners of the building and in places where internal walls connect to external walls. They are made from logs, concrete, red brick, bentonite and base blocks. The depth of the coating is up to 40 cm, the cross-section should exceed the thickness of the walls. To increase stability, the columns are connected to wooden or reinforced concrete beams
- Countertops do not allow for a warm basement.
If the design is included in the design, a shallow recessed base underlay is applied under the exterior walls and a foundation base is provided under the interior walls. The depth of coverage and width of the tape are the same as for pillars. The belt is made from concrete, quarries or foundation blocks
- On weak floors it is based on screwdrivers.
Using them allows the house to rest on solid ground that is deeper than the surface. Helicopter bases can be built in 1 to 2 days without the use of heavy equipment
frame
The panel of a prefabricated house can be made from a kit made in a factory or from purchased materials, in-house or from a contractor.
Turnkey construction of a house eliminates most of the problems for the developer, with the exception of monitoring the execution of construction work - it is impossible to check the quality of the frame assembly on its surface.
To self-assemble the frame from factory parts, you must follow the instructions and wiring diagram included with the kit.
The work resembles a design meeting and is entirely possible for a developer with experience in construction.
The cheapest, but most worrisome option is to build the lumber itself. Depending on the size and number of floors of the house, the frame is made of a rod 100x100 - 150x150 mm or 50 mm thick.
The frame is installed in the following order:
- At the top of the base there is waterproofing of the roofing material
- For the foundation using built-in parts and anchor bolts to attach the frame (thresholds) - beams, it is located at the edge of the house and under the prairie
- Place logs and give rough soil.
Fits on the edges of the base or beam beam
- Install vertical skeleton posts - first on the corners and then on the walls of the 0.6 m shelf, installed on the cutout, sawn in the bottom panel, securing the clamp and nails and securing the first temporary and then permanent remainder.
At the same time, they constantly control their verticality and position in the same plane. The corner posts are made of sticks and you can use the same 50mm width edge plate for intermediate use
- In the upper places the top tape works. Framed door and window openings
All wooden structures must be impregnated with antiseptic compounds.
Overlapping and covering
Wooden columns are placed on the top frame of the frame and secured using structural clamps.
Width 3-4 meters - plate size 50x150 mm with a large range - 100x150-150x150 mm. The beam is 0.6 m. In this case, 1.8 m wide screens (modules) are used to cover the ceiling.
Rafting clusters are made on the floor on a panel 50x120-50x150 m.
First install the outer rafts, and then the intermediate elements that control the position of the rafters in one plane. Then make a box and close the roof. Roofing materials for a home should be light, for example:
- Bituminous shingles
- Metal panel
- Profiled film
- Bituminous slate
Wall coverings
The width of the screens should be equal to the degree of installation of the frame rails and the length to the height of the walls.
Security guards are on offer at the workplace in the following order:
- Plates assembled
- On the frame there was a polyethylene film as a vapor barrier
- Guide the inner frame frame
- Frame facing, heater inserted inside
- Wind resistant protective membrane
- Get outer skin
The coat should be compressed over the frame by half the width of the frame frame to hide them.
The perimeter protection frame is covered with a heater and is tightly inserted between the frame frames. Application is done using nails. When using sheet material, it may be without a frame. The cutting blades are attached directly to the frame and the heater is inserted between the posts.
As can be seen from the description, the construction of a country house with a team of two or three people of average qualification.
Using factory modules significantly speeds up assembly. In just a few weeks after you start installing the frame, you can move into your cottage and enjoy the outdoors.
Videos on weekends
Simple holiday home
How to insulate a plate with your own hands in front of a path
Country houses made of foam blocks: building a house over the summer
Country houses made of foam blocks are lightweight and fireproof.
Thanks to the large dimensions of the blocks and precise dimensions, construction is carried out at high speed. It is quite possible to build a house over the summer.
The use of foam blocks in the construction of various structures guarantees heat conservation and fast pace of work. A country house made of this material will cost more than one made of wood, but less than one made of brick.
What are the benefits of foam blocks?
- They have a precise geometric shape and the dimensions are well maintained.
Therefore, they can be installed quickly
- Moisture resistant
- Inexpensive
- Strength increases over time
- They have very low thermal conductivity.
According to this indicator, it is one of the best materials for construction.
- They have a small specific gravity. Therefore, they are manufactured in fairly large sizes, which has a positive effect on the speed of wall construction
- Easy to handle
But there are also disadvantages
- Cannot bear heavy loads
- Slowly gaining strength.
In this case, shrinkage occurs.
DIY country house 6x6. Photo report. Part 1
And as a result, cracks may occur.
Use high-quality autoclaved foam concrete - it is less susceptible to shrinkage.
For the construction of one-story country houses, the strength of foam concrete is quite sufficient. In this case, it is necessary to strengthen the upper load-bearing row with reinforcement.
Foundation
Usually, when building a country house, a shallow strip foundation is used.
It can be done in different ways. 
- From prefabricated blocks laid without connection, freely
- Made from blocks, with reinforced belts installed above and below the blocks
- Made from rigidly connected reinforced concrete blocks
- Made from monolithic reinforced concrete
The choice of method is made depending on the properties of the soil.
The reinforced tape option is suitable for both subsidence and highly heaving soils. The width of the tape is made to exceed the thickness of the walls by 10-20 cm. Laying depth is up to 60 cm.
Base – within 40 cm.
On heaving soils, it is necessary to install a cushion made of non-freezing material.
Construction of the foundation
Stages of making a strip reinforced foundation with shallow depth.
- Marking
- Development of trenches.
If the soil does not crumble, trenches are made the width of the foundation. Their walls will act as formwork
- Filling a 30-centimeter sand and gravel bed in layers, compacting each layer.
The thickness of each layer is 10 cm
- Laying waterproofing material on the bottom and walls of the trench
- Installation of formwork under the above-ground part of the foundation (basement)
- Installation of fittings
- Pouring concrete
Foundation quality conditions
To build a quality foundation, the following conditions must be met. 
- The correct proportions of components in the concrete mixture
- There should be no air bubbles (voids) in the concrete.
To achieve this, use a vibrator or bayonet the concrete with a metal rod.
- There should be no interruptions during filling
After pouring, until the concrete hardens, it requires maintenance. It must be protected from the sun and watered in hot weather. Insulate in cold weather.
Rolled waterproofing material is laid on top of the foundation.
The overlap of stripes must be at least 15 cm.
Wall masonry
Before you start building walls, you need to check the horizontalness of the foundation. The permissible height difference is 3 cm.
If necessary, leveling should be done with cement mortar.
The upper plane of the blocks laid in the wall must be horizontal. That is, not only the edges running along the wall must be horizontal, but also those across them.
Horizontal control is carried out using a level. The position of the block is adjusted if necessary with a rubber hammer.
First row
The laying of the first row must be done with extreme precision - the accuracy of the construction of the entire house depends on this.
- Find the highest point of the foundation using a level.
The first block is laid in the corner closest to this point
- Then blocks are installed in all other corners
- A mooring cord is stretched between the corner blocks along the outer edge of the wall.
The first row is filled in using it
- If any unevenness in the masonry is formed, they are eliminated with a plane or sanding board. Dirt and dust are removed with a brush
Reinforcement
The reinforcement is laid on foam blocks after filling the first row, and then after laying every fourth row.
A smoothly curved rod is placed in the corners. 
- Using a grinder, grooves are made 4x4 cm at a distance from the edge of the block of at least 6 cm
- The grooves are cleaned of dust and moistened with water.
- Cement mortar is placed in the groove to half the depth
- A rod moistened with water is laid
- The recess is completely filled with solution
A monolithic belt is made at the floor level.
It connects load-bearing walls along the entire perimeter and gives spatial rigidity to the entire structure.
For laying foam blocks the following can be used: 
- Cement-sand mortar
- Cement-sand mortar with added lime
- Adhesive for wall blocks
The solution with lime does not set so quickly and has good plasticity.
The glue allows you to make thin seams.
It has a fairly liquid consistency and does not set for a long time.
Block cutting
Usually a row cannot be laid using only whole blocks. You have to supplement it with chopped ones.
You can cut blocks with a hand hacksaw. The cutting line is drawn with a pencil on two adjacent sides to ensure an accurate cut. The cut surface is leveled with a sanding board or plane. A smooth surface is necessary to ensure good adhesion between the solution and the block.
Load-bearing walls
After laying the first row, you need to wait 1-2 hours until the solution sets.
Then the wall masonry continues.
- Corner blocks are laid and leveled
- The mooring is being stretched
- The row is filled with foam blocks
- Irregularities are removed with a plane or sanding board
The ligation sutures should be at least 10 cm.
The minimum length of the outer blocks (corner, opening) is 11.5 cm.
Internal load-bearing walls are connected to external ones by bandaging.
Partitions
- The junction of the partition is indicated on the load-bearing wall
- At this point, flexible connections (anchors) made of stainless steel are inserted into the seam. One end is in the load-bearing wall, the other is in the seam of the partition
- Anchors are secured with nails
Anchors are inserted into the load-bearing wall through a row.
It is allowed not to secure them with nails, but simply press them into the solution.
Door and window openings
You can buy factory-made lintels for ceilings, or they can be made from homemade hollow foam blocks, having a P-shaped cross-section.
- Mark the locations of the cuts on the foam block
- Having cut through the grooves, chop off the inner part with a construction hammer
- Hollow blocks in the shape of an inverted letter U are laid over the opening on wooden supports.
These can be boards or beams. The supports can be nailed to the side walls of the opening
- 12-16 mm reinforcement is placed inside the cavity and concrete is poured. The supports remain until the concrete hardens.
You can lay foam blocks over the opening and on metal corners.
Roof
Wooden beams are usually used to construct floors in a foam block house.
The type of roof, its design and shape may vary. Its construction is not much different from this type of work when constructing houses using other building materials.
Exterior decoration
Although foam concrete does not penetrate to a great depth when exposed to moisture, the surface layer absorbs it quite well.
So if the walls are not covered with exterior finishing, they darken and begin to collapse.
The following can be used as exterior finishing for walls made of foam blocks:
- Hinged cladding installed with a gap (siding, decorative panels, house siding with imitation timber)
- Decorative plaster
- Composite panels
- Natural and artificial stone
- Painting with silicone paints
The construction of a country house from foam blocks is relatively inexpensive, and construction occurs quickly.
If you have some construction skills, it is quite possible to make such a house with your own hands.
Video about how to build a house from foam blocks
When building a house on a summer cottage, everyone wants to build one that will be comfortable to live in.
But coziness and comfort depend on the internal layout of the house. First of all.
And the layout itself depends on the size of the building, the number of people in the family, and the presence of small children. It also depends on whether you plan to live in the country only in the summer, or whether you want to come here all year round. There are some things you should definitely consider when deciding how to layout your home.
Layout of a one-story country house
Even a small house should have at least three rooms:
The kitchen can be positioned so that the entrance to the house is through it.
In this case, the kitchen room will also serve as a vestibule, which traps cold air if you come to the dacha in winter.
During cooking, the air in the kitchen heats up noticeably, which is also good for heating the house. This option is much better than building a cramped vestibule.
If you want to make a canopy, you can make it out of glass. Using profiles, double glazed windows and glass doors.
If you use your dacha all year round, you need to provide additional heating.
For example, you can plan a country house with a stove in the kitchen, the back wall of which opens into the next room.
This stove will heat two rooms at once. Well, you can install an electric heater in the bedroom. There are many economical modern models.
It should be taken into account that the house heats up much faster if good quality double-glazed windows are installed on the windows. It should be noted that the warmth in the house does not depend on the size of the windows, but on how well they are glazed. The best option is high-quality plastic windows with several panes.
If a country house made of laminated veneer lumber contains one room and a kitchen, then the living room is divided by a partition.
A bed is installed behind the partition. This house is suitable for a family of two.
If there is one more room in the house, albeit a small one, then it is quite possible to arrange a nursery there.
And the dacha will already accommodate a family of four.
These tips are also suitable for those who already have a small garden house. But many people want to increase the number of rooms and are thinking about building a second floor.
Features of the construction of the second floor
Many people think that a great option for increasing living space would be to arrange a second floor.
But you first need to find out how strong the foundation under the house is. It is likely that it will not be able to support the additional weight. You need to find out about this in advance, and not after cracks begin to appear in the walls and the house begins to collapse.
In addition to this, there are some other features. They must be taken into account before building the second floor.
If there is enough free space on the dacha plot, then it is always better to build a spacious one-story house.
It costs less, and living in a one-story house is more pleasant.
No need to climb stairs. This is especially important if there are elderly people in the house. After all, stairs in two-story dachas are usually steep. They are easier to build than flat ones. In addition, it is much more difficult to heat a two-story house than a one-story house.
If you are building a second floor, there is no need to make concrete floors. It's easier to make them from wood. The house will be warmer. It is best to lift the stairs from the kitchen if it is located immediately outside the front door.
Heat will not escape to the second floor from the living room.
On the second floor there are usually one or two bedrooms. It is best to keep bedrooms small to make them easier to heat. After all, living in a country house, a person enters the bedroom only to sleep.
But, it must be repeated that if the area of the plot allows, then it is better to build a more spacious one-story house instead of the second floor.
Construction of a terrace
Since people spend almost all their time outside in the summer, a covered terrace needs to be added to the house.
It can be located on the entrance side, then the terrace will also play the role of a porch. It needs to be provided with a good roof that will protect it from bad weather and the hot sun. It is also necessary to provide for the fastening of mosquito nets.
Some tips were given on how to make your country house more comfortable.
10 steps on how to build a country house over the summer
If a person plans to build a dacha from scratch, then he can plan it the way his heart desires. But not everything is as simple as it might seem. Below are the most common mistakes that people make when thinking about what kind of house to build on their summer cottage.
Of course, everyone’s tastes differ, but still, we will talk about those things that help reduce construction costs and increase comfort.
Mistakes when planning a country house
The house is too big
There is no need to build a house too big.
Thick walls in the house
Walls that are too thick require a more powerful foundation, and therefore extra costs.
Modern technologies make it possible to build lightweight houses, for example, frame houses, or from timber. Good insulation solves all heating difficulties, and the choice of high-quality material and qualified builders makes the house very durable.
Construction of a basement or ground floor
There is no need to create a large basement or basement floor unnecessarily.
These premises require high-quality waterproofing, insulation, ventilation and heating. For all this you need to hire specialists. Additional costs for building materials are required. Very significant. Also, do not build a base that is too high. This also increases costs.
If you plan to build a fireplace in the house, then you need to build it in the middle so that the heat from it spreads to adjacent rooms.
A fireplace built against an outer wall is completely irrational.
It seems that all things are very simple. But if you avoid these mistakes when planning your house, you can significantly save on building materials and construction time.
Video example of planning a country house using a special program
Posted on: 4-2-2016
For summer residents who are just about to build their first small house, my selection of 15 photos of country house design ideas will be very helpful. I must say, there is something to learn here and something to be surprised by, but what can I say - it’s better to see for yourself!
I draw your attention to the fact that there are no diagrams or plans here.
All material is provided for inspiration only. But, an experienced builder, if you show him a picture of a structure you like, he can easily build, if not exactly the same, then close to the original.
The first house simply captivated me with its canopy with a pointed roof. If it weren’t for this roof shape, it would have been just an ordinary country house! Agree, such a canopy roof, supported by slender wooden columns, gave the whole house sophistication and elegance!
A beautiful country house, to say the least!
And in this miniature house I really liked the turret at the very top. In terms of area, it is like a temporary shed, but the beautiful decoration of the walls, windows, tiles on the roof and this turret make it almost a palace!
By the way, flower boxes mounted under the window greatly improve the appearance of the facade, no matter how small it is!
This house is just very cute, especially the lattice windows and door.
This country house caused a storm of delight among my whole family.
I showed it to them, saying that we would build the same one for ourselves at the dacha. And a miniature terrace, and dormer windows on the roof! Just a peek. A miniature copy of a beautiful country mansion!
There is a lot of light in this house.
Choosing a garden house and its phased construction
because it has very large windows. But even in cloudy weather it is light and gives you a feeling of greater unity with nature! The pediment of this house is designed in an unusual way - it is decorated with two balusters.
And in this house there is a second light under the roof. Since there are no windows on one side, something like dormer windows are made under the roof itself.
True, from the photo it is clear that the owners use it as a workshop, but for newly-minted summer residents it could also serve as a shelter at night and from the rain.
A small wooden house with a canopy across the entire width of the roof.
A good solution - here you have a patio terrace, the wall of the house will protect you from the wind, and the roof canopy will protect you from rain and sun.
This little white house is just a fairy tale!
Elegant, romantic, with a pergola attached to it, it invites you to settle in and not know any grief! Still, white color adds sophistication to any building, even a very small one.
This interesting asymmetrical house has a frame structure and is lined with wood.
The originality of this building lies not only in its unusual roof, but also in the glazing of two walls, forming a “transparent corner” at the exit.
This house is simply attractive and well built.
The blue house under a tiled roof with white curtains looks very attractive.
It feels like the house has a caring owner!
And this bright house in front of a small pond made me feel tender. It is so small and so harmonious with its blue door and windows with tulle curtains that I wanted to sit down in front of it, dip my feet in the pond and daydream for an hour or two.
This house is made of wood, although it is low, it is very nice.
Well, the last house in the series of 15 best is a house with a trapezoidal canopy.
Beautiful, elegant, tastefully decorated - what else can you say! And there is a terrace next to it - there is a place to admire the stars in the evening!
Ideas for small cozy country houses
We could stop here, but there are so many ideas for small houses that I always want to look for something and share my finds with you.
Let me remind you that in America and Canada, the hobby of designing and creating houses on wheels of unusual shapes is very common. These are real residential buildings. I will continue to introduce you to interesting ideas for such houses. After all, if we exclude the wheels, then such houses will look great on our plots! Here is an overview video from the creators of this wonderful house.
There is no translation, but everything is clear.
My construction and life in the country
I would like to tell my story when we decided to live in the country and start all over again. In general, it so happened that our apartments did not exist, and in recent years we lived in rented apartments. And so life within the walls of others and frequent trips brought us - I wanted my own, peace and stability. But the way we live is not rich and can't buy anything, you decide to buy a Dacha (4sotki) and then another, we left the pages very cheap.
These sites are the same, we prepared that they were forced to leave all the bushes and trees from their homes, and yet they had the resources that I introduced sandstone and sand into the future of our home.
But after a few days we decided to give them a chance to defeat the house in the village, and then I brought the plate and two evenings (as I worked during the day), the house was almost ready. It looked like a trailer, but we were not aware of the beauty, it was already the end of September and cold and winter would soon be upon us. Below is a photo of creating a time zone
Construction of a cottage in the country - the beginning
He built it twice - he wanted it faster, but it got dark early, so he took a battery and a lamp with him. So, this house was looking for another night - it was not yet dark.
It worked like a screwdriver and wire, the design was very simple, so everything was done very quickly.
Cabin construction in the country
I then brought in some foam and the house was insulated with 10cm thick foam and foam sealed all the seams between the foam and all the openings.
He made the front door. And the interior, while there were bare slab walls. The next day he brought 200 pieces. red brick and it took two nights to build the brick. A photograph of the furnace design has not survived.
Construction of holiday homes
House dimensions 6.3 * 3m.
interior space 6*2.7, common living room 16.2 square meters, which had to accommodate four adults (me, mom and my two sisters) in the country, electricity, and this is what I thought about in advance. I made a wind generator, I installed a small battery and bought a 12/220 volt converter. The power of such a power plant was very small, because the wind turbine was small and was an irregular dean, also very low. But sometimes one energy-saving light bulb is enough.
All in all, it was a painful start, but a week into this construction, we moved into this period. The transfer took place on October 2, the same day as my sister’s birthday.
In the fall the woods were ready for the winter and a porch was added to the house.
The house is insulated externally with a vapor barrier, covered with film and internal shiny insulation. As a result, in the first winter we found out.
Winter in the country
In winter we were already at home with wind power for every 150 watts, there was enough electricity for lights and sometimes on TV, just as the wind was very weak and there was not enough battery power, but I saved everything for improvement, including the power plant.
I described everything about the plant in the section “My little adventures”,
Therefore, winter lived in such spartan conditions. My sister and I worked, paid in the spring, having accepted a loan 3 years ago, and at the beginning of the summer a new loan appeared, which spent the money on small items and bought a Chinese engine (110ss) to kill a tree, I went to him for a trailer trailer.
We bought a chain saw and two solar panels. up to 100 watts, so they were buying new batteries for the power plant until March.
In the summer, the porch was covered with luminous insulation to keep it cool in the sun, and solar panels were installed on the wall.
Even the lights on the street and in the house repeated the wiring.
Solar panels
In the summer, the wood was prepared for the entire year, and the motorcycle made 35 trips from nearby forest stands.
So I bought corrugated cardboard, wood, cement, and I put a new corrugated panel fence on the front.
Wood collection
At the same time, I poured a concrete pad under the base of the future of our house.
There was no swimming under the foundation, it simply grew and leveled the surface and spilled a 40 cm wide strip around the perimeter of the house.
How to build a house in Dachau: characteristics and construction phases
The thickness of the concrete is 10-15 cm. Below the photo are parts of the concrete. This is how we lived in the fall, photo after the rain, there was a bit of a mess outside as I searched and twisted the jars under the winter potatoes.
Life in the country
Life in the country
In addition, 11 meters were excavated in Dachau, I dug it myself, I was in a hurry for almost a month and poured concrete with concrete, but I finished it.
So, the tile broke through. He dug a basement on the site of the future house, filled the basement with concrete, and then made a hatch into the roof. Small details were done on details, but I will not list all the little things, only the important ones. I wrote about the break here - Well, with my job 2.
Fine
This year, at the beginning of spring, I took 7 plate cubes, bought ruins and cement and started with the main overflow.
The bottom part of the photo is the preparation of the irrigation panels. Last year the center of the concrete base under the furnace was flooded.
Foundation formwork
After installing the panel panels around the perimeter, he reinforced with a 10mm cast in two threads.
Then I invested in concrete and ended up like this.
Filling the foundation
The panel was attached with 6mm hex pins and once ejected it was easy to remove and remove the shell.
Filling the foundation
Then build the wall frame. The dimensions of the house are 6.30 * 10.80 m. The skeleton was placed alone, sometimes the truth helped the sister give or save something. All this has turned him into screws that pull themselves. bottom and top, then he used a homemade galvanized sheet metal plate.
DIY decorated house
DIY decorated house
DIY decorated house
DIY decorated house
Currently, the money for further construction has been completed.
Now you need to make money from corrugated cardboard and place a frame around the roof.
Continuation - second part of the frame
The pleasure of owning your own country plot is tripled if there is a country house on it. Indeed, in this case, you can not limit yourself to only seasonal work and cooking barbecue outdoors in the warm season. Today, the construction of dachas is gaining momentum. Moreover, “dacha construction” houses are built from a variety of materials: from stone to timber frames and panels made of chipboard and fiberboard. And in our material we will look at how to build a country house with your own hands and at the same time complete all the work with maximum productivity and economic benefit.
Choosing building material
Construction of dachas is a task no less important than the construction of a permanent residential building. After all, the durability and strength of the building will depend on how well the installation is done (even if it is frame technology). Let's look at some types of materials that are most often used for the installation of country houses, and we will understand what is best used to build a temporary shed in the country:
- Timber. An excellent material for those who do not know what to build a country house from. Moreover, you can use both the cheapest option - planed lumber, and the more expensive one - profiled or glued. A house made of timber will have an attractive appearance and also create an optimal indoor microclimate.
- Brick or any blocks. A house made from such materials will be more solid, but its cost will not be justified if you plan to use the building only seasonally. Although brick (or blocks) have no worse thermal conductivity than timber. Stone dacha construction will be reliable and strong.
- Frames and shields. Your own house, built using this technology, is considered the most acceptable option for a budget and seasonal building. And if the house is also additionally insulated, then it will be possible to spend the night in such a building even in winter. Using the example of frame-panel technology, we will analyze how to build a summer house with your own hands. And for clarity, we will attach photos and videos.
A few rules for quality construction
In order to facilitate the construction of a country house without later bringing unpleasant surprises, it is necessary to follow some requirements and recommendations regarding the installation of the house. So, we build a dacha with our own hands, taking into account the following rules/recommendations:
- First of all, we are designing a building for a summer house, the construction of which has started. For a seasonal house that will not be used all year round, the optimal parameters are 6x4 m or 6x6 m. A larger cottage will already be a capital building, which will require a greater investment of money and effort.
- In gardening associations, you can install a house with your own hands only if you step back 3 meters from your neighbor’s fence or from the boundaries of your neighbor’s property.
- A house must be built at least 5 meters from the front fence into the plot.
- All wooden buildings (including frame ones) should be located at a distance of 15 meters from each other. That is, if a neighbor also has a wooden house on the property, then you need to remove your building as much as possible for fire safety purposes.
Important: for a country house with your own hands, it is better to choose the highest point on the site. Thus, melt and rainwater will not cause trouble for the new dacha we are building. But if the plot is very small, and you want to build a good house, then in this case they give preference to a two-story house with bedrooms located in the upper part. A kitchen and living room are installed on the ground floor.
To simplify the construction process as much as possible, we recommend building a one-story country house with a gable roof and a small veranda. And below are step-by-step instructions for completing the work.
Advice: if you don’t want to bother with construction at all, then a novice craftsman can simply order a ready-made modular house, which is simply assembled on the site using a prepared foundation.
Building a dacha: stages of installation
For those who do not know how to build a summer house, our step-by-step instructions with a detailed description of all the points will be useful. It will start with preparing the foundation. But first, we will prepare all the necessary materials for the construction of the dacha. So, we will need:
- Cement and sand with crushed stone;
- Steel rods for reinforcement;
- Boards or panels for formwork;
- Concrete blocks or bricks;
- Ruberoid or bitumen mastic;
- Expanded clay;
- Beam with a section of 100x100 mm;
- Metal corners, studs and screws;
- Chipboard or fiberboard panels;
- Vapor barrier;
- Insulation;
- Roofing material (ondulin or corrugated sheeting).
So, in the recommendation “where to start building a summer house,” the first point is the installation of the foundation. A lightweight type of base - columnar - is suitable for a frame house. This option for constructing a foundation will not only significantly save your money, but will also serve as a reliable support for the building.
- Installation of support pillars begins with marking the ground. According to the project, pigeon holes of 50-70 cm are dug in all corners of the house and at the intersections of walls. It is advisable to expand the cross-section of the holes downwards.
- Then the soil in the pits is well compacted and covered with a 10 cm layer of sand. Medium-fraction expanded clay is poured on top. Everything is sealed well.
- Now formwork is installed in the pits (possibly permanent) and covered with waterproofing on the bottom and sides.
- Also in the pits you need to install 4 steel rods, connected by transverse rods with a pitch of 15 cm.
- The finished concrete solution is poured into the pits so that the reinforcement sinks 2-3 cm into the concrete. The poured pillars are left to dry for 3-4 weeks.
Important: the strip foundation is installed using the same technology, only in this case you need to dig not holes, but a trench around the perimeter of the dacha house which we are constructing.
Frame installation
As soon as the foundation pillars are dry, you can begin constructing the frame of the house. Namely, its lower platform. This will be the starting point for the walls and roof. Therefore, for the platform you can take a beam of a larger cross-section - 100x150 mm.
Important: when doing work at the dacha with your own hands, do not forget to treat the wood with antiseptics and fire retardants. This will increase the wood's resistance to burning or rotting. It will also repel rodents.
- So, along all the foundation pillars without exception, we lay timber frames. We mount it on roofing felt. All elements are securely fastened together. In addition to the strapping, we install floor crossbars - joists. We attach the lower crown of the house with anchors to each pillar.
- Now we cut vertical support beams into the lower frame in increments of 60-70 cm. They can also be secured using metal fasteners and jibs.
- Now we assemble the frames for the walls, taking into account the door and window openings.
- Following the assembled frame of the dacha, we construct the walls of which we carry out the upper frame of the racks from timber. Here you can use timber with a section of 100x100 mm. And floor beams are attached or embedded onto the installed frame. Thus we have a ready-made box at home.
- The next stage in the construction of a country house is covering the frame with chipboard or fiberboard panels. They are mounted on self-tapping screws, fitting tightly to each other.
- The floor and ceiling are covered with third grade boards. In the future, the floors can be insulated with mineral wool along the joists and sheathed with tongue and groove boards.
- And lastly, we lay hydro- and vapor barriers on the cladding of the country house, and insulation between them. Siding can be used as exterior finishing.
Roof of a frame house
- Hanging system. Here, the rafters are mounted only on load-bearing walls and no longer have other types of supports. To make the system monolithic, such rafters are secured by tightening.
- The rafter system is layered. It is arranged if the house has internal partitions that will serve as additional support. When installing a layered rafter system, the load on the load-bearing walls of the house is reduced.
- It is better to assemble trusses on the ground, and then lift them to the top frame and install them there. All trusses are fastened together with a ridge beam and fixed to the mauerlat, the role of which is played by the upper beam frame.
- A film is laid over the rafter system, making overlapping joints. Then the film is additionally fixed with thin slats, placing them parallel to the rafters. Such a counter-lattice will create an additional ventilation gap for the entire roof.
Important: the overlap width of the film must be at least 20 cm.
- Now a finishing sheathing is installed perpendicular to the counter-lattice, onto which we will subsequently install the roofing material. The spacing of the boards/slats is made in accordance with the width of the sheets of roofing material.
- Roofing material begins to be laid from the bottom of the roof, moving in rows from right to left or vice versa.
- The roof overhangs are covered with plastic or wooden lining. The gable sides of the rafters are also decorated with plastic or wooden lining.
Final finishing of the house
All that remains is to install the windows and doors into the completed house. They are installed on special wooden supports, adjusting and controlling the level of the blocks. All gaps between the frame and frames are foamed with polyurethane foam. A day later, the excess foam is cut off, and the remaining space is sheathed with plasterboard or any other building material for subsequent finishing.
Important: it is best to install doors completely with frame and leaves. In this way, it will be possible to align the load-bearing opening for the block as much as possible.
The interior decoration of the house can be done using plasterboard and then covering it with wallpaper. GCR can also be used for plastering, painting or cladding. And water supplied to the house will make staying in it even more comfortable. It will be pleasant and convenient to be here at any time of the year. A house built using this technology will last for 30 years or more. Now all that remains is to announce to your family and friends about the invitation to a fragrant barbecue.
By the way, if you don’t know how much it costs to build a frame house, then we hasten to inform you that such a building, taking into account the purchase of all materials, will cost about 10 thousand. If you don’t know what to build from and want to make a house from scrap materials that are left on the site, then such a house will cost 1.5 times less.
A one-story frame country house is an ideal solution for those who want to equip a warm and comfortable home with their own hands at a low price and as quickly as possible. You can build such a summer house with your own hands in just a season!
Advantages of frame houses
However, if you are going to do construction with your own hands, then you cannot do without additional wood processing. Frame buildings pride themselves on their durability. As experts in the construction of such buildings note, the house can last more than 50 years.
Disadvantages of frame country houses
But besides the advantages, there are several important ones. The first drawback is the fire hazard. You may ask why we used to talk about the fire resistance of such buildings? The answer is quite simple - country frame houses are built from wood, which supports combustion. Therefore, it is important to treat wood with fire retardants, which reduce the possibility of fire to a minimum. This also applies to the appearance of mold and rot, to which all building materials are susceptible. That is why, when purchasing wood, you need to follow all stages of its drying and processing with special means, and it is better to purchase material from trusted suppliers.
Many people attribute a reduced level of strength to one-story frame buildings. This is true when compared with brick or stone houses, but there is no need to be afraid that the house will be blown away by strong winds or a hurricane. But for this it is necessary to follow all stages and construction technology. The main disadvantage is that such buildings do not “breathe”. The problem is that construction materials that have been treated with various impregnations begin to allow air to pass through worse. To solve this problem, you just need to install a high-quality ventilation system at your dacha.
Another fact that is considered a minus is the low level of sound insulation. The use of additional soundproofing materials will help. As you can see, frame buildings have both pros and cons. And they should be taken into account in order to make the right choice. However, if you take into account the number of advantages and disadvantages that can be eliminated quite simply and economically, the benefits of building such a house on a summer cottage are visible to the naked eye. All that remains is to tell you how to build a frame country house with your own hands.
Building a country frame house with your own hands begins with creating the foundation - the foundation. In this case, you need a regular foundation, like for a simple house. The only difference is that since one-story houses are most often built, it is simply impractical to build them too deep. The best option is a strip foundation or a prefabricated foundation made of concrete blocks. True, to achieve durability, you cannot do without high-quality waterproofing.
You can build a base of asbestos pipes. In this case, the main condition is the uniform arrangement of the supports. To do this, you need to mark points along the perimeter in increments of 1 meter. After this, in each marked place we dig a hole up to 1 meter deep and a width equal to the diameter of the pipes. We position the pipes vertically, tamp the soil and fill it with concrete.
If you do all the work yourself, then to prepare a suitable mixture you need to take cement, sand, crushed stone in proportions 3: 1: 4. After pouring the cement, it must be left for several days to allow the mixture to dry and strengthen. In this case, it is advisable to protect the structure from direct sunlight, otherwise the cement may crack.
Installing a floor with your own hands is the second stage in construction
After pouring the foundation, we begin arranging the floor. Work begins with laying a waterproofing layer - for this we line the perimeter of the walls with roofing felt. Next, lay the boards on top of the roofing felt, treat them with an anti-rotting compound and leave to dry. It is important to remember that installation must be as precise as possible. A distortion of the material even by a millimeter will lead to disruption of the geometry of the entire building.
The accuracy of setting the angles is important - the maximum permissible deviation should be no more than 1 cm. The subfloor, which can be an unedged board, is secured using anchor bolts - for them, holes are drilled in the concrete base in increments of 2 meters. Next, we fasten the logs, laying the selected insulation material between them. At the next stage, we lay the finished floor boards, which are compacted using construction staples and secured to the joists with nails.
Make sure that all elements of the building are made of the same type of wood. Otherwise, differences in expansion coefficients will lead to misalignment of the house. The finished floor must be cleaned with a plane, polished and treated with oil or drying oil. If in the future you are going to cover the floor with linoleum or other floor covering, then polishing the floor with a planer is not necessary.
Building walls and frame of a house with your own hands
Building a one-story house with your own hands includes building a frame with walls. The work is divided into several stages:
- The construction of the lower trim, which is made from joined beams using the tongue-and-groove method in such a way that there is not the slightest gap left. Experts do not recommend using metal fasteners, because upon contact with metal, the wood may begin to rot. Therefore, it is better to use wooden dowels.
- Installation of vertical boards. In the places where the boards will be placed, you need to install dowels. Do-it-yourself construction starts with the installation of corner posts attached to dowels. The beam must be set vertically, using a temporary spacer to fix the angle.
- Upper frame frame. This stage is carried out after strengthening the racks and their subsequent fixation in a vertical position. All angles must be strictly straight. Installation of ceiling buoys, which should be located every 50 cm, coinciding with the location of the vertical posts.
- Installation of support beams, which are installed where the interior partitions will be located. This will prevent the ceiling from sagging and add strength to the structure. After installing the frame, the building should be sheathed with boards. Do not forget about the need to install windows - it is best if their size does not exceed 20% of the size of the walls.
Roofing a house - step by step
The roof can be assembled either on the ground, after which it is moved upstairs, or directly on the house. Choose the option that is convenient for you. First you need to prepare the rafters - comb the ends of the beams, which should form an angle of 50° at the end connection. For fastening, it is best to use nails and crossbars. As a result of the work, you should have roof elements resembling the letter A.
Next, we create the sheathing - nail the boards to the rafters at a distance of 10 cm so that they extend 25 cm beyond the ends. After this, the sheathing is covered with roofing felt (waterproofing) or other durable synthetic film. Attach the material with a construction stapler. At the last stage we lay the roof. We screw the selected material over the roofing felt.
In this case, laying work begins from the bottom rows, and the sheets themselves are mounted overlapping. The roof extending beyond the edges of the sheathing is cut off. At the last stage, the ridge strip is attached and a drainage system with several drains is constructed. A variety of materials can be used as roofing: corrugated sheeting; metal tiles; ondulin.
The last stage of work is insulation and finishing
First you need to decide on the choice of thermal insulation materials. They are chosen depending on the purpose of the house. The inside of the wall can be sheathed with boards or plasterboard using self-tapping screws. Drywall, in turn, is covered with wallpaper or painted - here you can choose for yourself. Don't forget about insulating your home.
If you will use your country house as a permanent place of residence, it is advisable to use expanded polystyrene or mineral wool. For a summer cottage, you can use lighter and less expensive insulation.
We lay the insulation material between the beams in this way and secure it with brackets. We lay a waterproofing film on top of the material and fill it with thin slats - this will ensure normal ventilation. The outside of the house can be finished with gardening panels, clapboard or any other material for external cladding. By the way, having chosen wooden sheathing, nail it at an angle of no more than 45° and do not do it firmly, since the wood may swell or dry out a little over time.
As you can see, anyone can build a house with their own hands. You just need to purchase the materials and follow all instructions exactly. After all, this is the only way to enjoy all the advantages of frame houses.
