Homemade induction heater according to the working diagram. Making a powerful induction heater with your own hands Schematic diagram of induction heating

Electric heating devices are extremely convenient to use. They are much safer than any gas equipment, do not produce soot and soot, unlike units operating on liquid or solid fuel, and finally, they do not require the preparation of firewood, etc. The main disadvantage of electric heaters is the high cost of electricity. In search of savings, some craftsmen decided to make an induction heater with their own hands. They received excellent equipment that requires much less expense to operate.

Working principle of induction heating

An induction heater uses the energy of an electromagnetic field, which the heated object absorbs and converts into heat. To generate a magnetic field, an inductor is used, i.e. a multi-turn cylindrical coil. Passing through this inductor, an alternating electric current creates an alternating magnetic field around the coil.

A homemade inverter heater allows you to heat quickly and to very high temperatures. With the help of such devices you can not only heat water, but even melt various metals

If a heated object is placed inside or near the inductor, it will be penetrated by the flux of the magnetic induction vector, which constantly changes over time. In this case, an electric field arises, the lines of which are perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic flux and move in a closed circle. Thanks to these vortex flows, electrical energy is transformed into thermal energy and the object heats up.

Thus, the electrical energy of the inductor is transferred to the object without the use of contacts, as happens in resistance furnaces. As a result, thermal energy is spent more efficiently, and the heating rate increases noticeably. This principle is widely used in the field of metal processing: melting, forging, soldering, surfacing, etc. With no less success, a vortex induction heater can be used to heat water.

Induction heat generator in a heating system

To organize heating of a private house using an induction heater, the easiest way is to use a transformer, which consists of a primary and secondary short-circuited winding. Eddy currents in such a device arise in the internal component and direct the resulting electromagnetic field to the secondary circuit, which simultaneously serves as a housing and a heating element for the coolant.

Please note that not only water, but also antifreeze, oil and any other conductive media can act as a coolant during induction heating. In this case, the degree of purification of the coolant does not matter much.

The inverter heater is compact in size, operates silently and can be installed in almost any suitable location that meets safety requirements

Equipped with two pipes. The lower pipe, through which the cold coolant will flow, must be installed at the inlet section of the pipeline, and at the top, a pipe is installed that transfers the hot coolant to the supply section of the pipeline. When the coolant in the boiler heats up, hydrostatic pressure arises and enters the heating network.

There are a number of advantages to using an induction heater that should be mentioned:

• the coolant constantly circulates in the system, which prevents the possibility of overheating;
• the induction system vibrates, as a result, scale and other sediments are not deposited on the walls of the equipment;
• the absence of traditional heating elements allows the boiler to be operated at high intensity without fear of frequent breakdowns;
• the absence of detachable connections eliminates leaks;
• the operation of the induction boiler is not accompanied by noise, so it can be installed in almost any suitable room;
• During induction heating, no hazardous fuel decomposition products are released.

Safety, quiet operation, the ability to use a suitable coolant and the durability of the equipment have attracted many homeowners. Some of them are thinking about the possibility of making a homemade induction heater.

How to make an induction heater yourself?

Making such a heater yourself is not a very difficult task that even a novice craftsman can handle. To get started, you should stock up on:

• a piece of plastic pipe with thick walls, which will become the heater body;
• steel wire with a diameter of no more than 7 mm;
• adapters for connecting the heater body to the heating system of the house;
• a metal mesh that will hold pieces of steel wire inside the case;
• copper wire to create an induction coil;
• high frequency inverter.

First you need to prepare the steel wire. To do this, simply cut it into pieces about 5 cm long. The bottom of a piece of plastic pipe is covered with a metal mesh, pieces of wire are poured inside, and the top of the body is also covered with a metal mesh. The housing must be completely filled with pieces of wire. In this case, wire made not only from stainless steel, but also from other metals may be acceptable.

Then you should make an induction coil. A prepared plastic case is used as a base, onto which 90 turns of copper wire are carefully wound.

After the coil is ready, the housing is connected to the heating system of the house using adapters. After this, the coil is connected to the network through a high-frequency inverter. It is considered quite advisable to make an induction heater from a welding inverter, since this is the simplest and most cost-effective option.

Most often, in the manufacture of homemade vortex induction heaters, inexpensive models of welding inverters are used, since they are convenient and fully comply with the requirements

It should be noted that you should not test the device if no coolant is supplied to it, otherwise the plastic case may melt very quickly.

An interesting version of an induction heater made from a hob is presented in the video:

To increase the safety of the structure, it is recommended to insulate the exposed areas of the copper coil.

The induction heating system should be placed at a distance of at least 30 cm from walls and furniture and at least 80 cm from the ceiling or floor.

To make the operation of the device safer, it is recommended to equip it with a pressure gauge, as well as an automatic control system and devices for removing air trapped in the system.

An induction heater is a high stage in the evolution of electrical appliances. Thanks to this device, you can significantly save energy consumption. The heat generator used in this device is completely harmless and does not emit soot during operation. For example, in terms of efficiency, a heating boiler (the diagram of an induction heater is shown below) is second only to an infrared heater. However, unlike IR devices, which are sold only in specialized stores, induction heaters can not only be purchased, but also assembled with your own hands.

Such devices come in several levels of complexity and purpose, for example, for water and metal. Their devices, of course, are different, but the operating principle is identical. The photo below shows a diagram of a metal induction heater; it is quite easy to assemble this device using it.

So, in this article we will look at the process of assembling an induction heater from improvised materials that can be found in the “bins” of any home craftsman.

How does a DIY induction heater work?

The operating principle of a homemade heater is no different from a factory device. That is, the coolant circulates in the core, heating from its walls or contents. It heats up due to the eddy currents generated by the winding.

Important: polymer cores are stuffed with chopped wire!

In turn, the winding is wound onto the core body and is connected to a high-frequency current source. It is this energy that can generate an alternating electromagnetic field - the root cause of the appearance of eddy currents in a stationary core (or its filler).

The induction water heater circuit shown below is often used in heating boilers.

The source of high-frequency alternating current can be a conventional or more complex system based on a transformer and frequency converter.

It should be noted that with the right approach to choosing a source and forming a winding, you can create a truly effective device that will work no worse than its factory counterpart. By the way, it always comes with instructions and a diagram of the induction heater.

We assemble an induction device with our own hands: important details

To assemble such a heater you will need:

It is this device that will be the source of high-frequency alternating electric current that powers the inductor.

After this, you need to take it and wind it with a spring onto the core body. This device will act as an inductor. It is very important to connect the wire contacts to the inverter terminals, avoiding soldering and twisting. Based on this, the piece of this material used to form the core must be of sufficient length. The number of turns is usually 50, and the wire diameter is usually 3 mm. The induction heater diagram shows the sequence of connections of the individual components.

Making the core

The core is an ordinary polymer pipe made of cross-linked polyethylene or polypropylene. These types of plastics can withstand the highest possible temperatures. The throughput diameter of the core pipe must be 50 mm, and the wall thickness cannot be less than 2.5-3 mm. Then this part can be used as a gauge on which copper wire is wound, forming an inductor.

An approximate diagram of an induction heater is shown in this picture.

The heating element of such a boiler will be the filler of the polymer core - chopped pieces with a diameter of 7 mm. Moreover, their length cannot be less than 5 cm.

Assembly of the device using the example of an induction heating boiler

The process of assembling all these components into a single system is as follows:

• First, take a piece of polymer pipe, fix it and wind 50 turns of 3 mm copper wire over the future core.
• Next, cut off the ends of the core, leaving 7-10 cm from the edge of the wire for bends.

Important: The DIY induction heater circuit is carried out in several stages, the sequence of which must under no circumstances be disrupted. To avoid mistakes, you must follow the instructions exactly.

When making an induction heater with your own hands, you need to worry about the safety of the device. To do this, you must follow the following rules that increase the level of reliability of the overall system:

1. A safety valve should be inserted into the upper tee to relieve excess pressure. Otherwise, if the circulation pump fails, the core will simply burst under the influence of steam. As a rule, the circuit of a simple induction heater provides for such moments.
2. The inverter is connected to the network only through an RCD. This device operates in critical situations and will help avoid short circuits.
3. The welding inverter must be grounded by leading the cable to a special metal circuit mounted in the ground behind the walls of the structure.
4. The induction heater body must be placed at a height of 80 cm above the floor level. Moreover, the distance to the ceiling should be at least 70 cm, and to other pieces of furniture - more than 30 cm.
5. An induction heater produces a very strong electromagnetic field, so this installation should be kept away from living quarters and enclosures with pets.

Summarizing

A home-made induction heater will work no worse than a factory-made device. It is not inferior in performance, efficiency and safety, of course, if all the rules were followed.

Greetings to site users Radio circuits. Recently I had an idea to make . Several diagrams for constructing the device were found on the Internet. Of these, I chose the one that, in my opinion, is the easiest to assemble and configure, and most importantly, it really works.

Device diagram

Parts List

1. Field effect transistor IRFZ44V 2 pcs.
2. Ultra fast diodes UF4007 or UF4001 2 pcs.
3. 470 Ohm resistor for 1 or 0.5 W 2 pcs.
4. Film capacitors
1) 1 uF at 250V 3 pcs.
2) 220 nF at 250V 4 pieces.
3) 470 nF at 250V
4) 330 nF at 250V
5. Copper wire with a diameter of 1.2 mm.
6. Copper wire with a diameter of 2 mm.
7. Rings from the inductors of the computer power supply 2 pcs.

Assembling the device

The driving part of the heater is made using IRFZ44V field-effect transistors. Pinout of transistor IRFZ44V.

Transistors need to be placed on a large radiator. If you install transistors on one radiator, then the transistors must be installed on rubber gaskets and plastic washers so that there is no short circuit between the transistors.

The chokes are wound on rings from computer power supplies. Made from powdered iron. Wire 1.2 mm 7-15 turns.

The capacitor bank should be 4.7 µF. It is advisable to use not one capacitor, but several capacitors. Capacitors must be connected in parallel.

The heater coil is made on a wire with a diameter of 2 mm, 7-8 turns.

After assembly, the device works immediately. The device is powered by a 12 volt 7.2 A/h battery. The device supply voltage is 4.8-28 volts. During prolonged operation, the following overheat: capacitor bank, field-effect transistors and chokes. Current consumption at idle is 6-8 Amps.

When a metal object is introduced into the circuit, the current consumption immediately increases to 10-12 A.

Video of an induction heater working

Next, you can arrange the device in a suitable beautiful case and use it for various experiments. It is better to experiment with the power and size of the coil to achieve the best effect. Author of the article 4ei3

Discuss the article SIMPLE INDUCTION HEATER

The popularity of the IR2153 induction heater can be explained by the fact that a person is always in search - an endless search by a person for heat sources to heat his home, which will be: economical, environmentally friendly and functional. Many even dared, and for good reason, to make an induction heater with their own hands in order to connect it to the heating system of their home. The article will describe in detail how to make an inductor heater in order to spend a minimum of money and time.

Induction heater circuit

Due to the fact that M. Faraday discovered the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction back in 1831, the world saw a large number of devices that heat water and other media.

Because this discovery was realized, people use it in everyday life:

• Electric kettle with disk heater for heating water;
• Multicooker oven;
• Induction hob;
• Microwaves (stove);
• Heater;
• Heating column.

The opening is also used for an extruder (not mechanical). Previously, it was widely used in metallurgy and other industries related to metal processing. A factory inductive boiler operates on the principle of the action of eddy currents on a special core located in the internal part of the coil. Foucault eddy currents are superficial, so it is better to take a hollow metal pipe as a core through which the coolant element passes.

The occurrence of electric currents occurs due to the supply of alternating electrical voltage to the winding, causing the appearance of an alternating electric magnetic field, which changes potentials 50 times/sec. at a standard industrial frequency of 50 Hz.

In this case, the Ruhmkorff induction coil is designed in such a way that it can be connected directly to an AC power supply. In production, high-frequency electric currents are used for such heating - up to 1 MHz, so it is quite difficult to achieve the operation of the device at 50 Hz. The thickness of the wire and the number of winding turns used by the device, water heater, are calculated separately for each unit using a special method for the required heat power. A homemade, powerful unit must function efficiently, quickly heat the water flowing through the pipe and not heat up.

Organizations invest serious funds in the development and implementation of such products, therefore:

• All problems are resolved successfully;
• The efficiency of the heating device is 98%;
• Functions without interruption.

In addition to the highest efficiency, one cannot help but be attracted by the speed at which the medium passing through the core is heated. In Fig. A diagram of the functioning of an induction water heater created at the plant is proposed. Such a scheme has a unit of the “VIN” brand, which is produced by the Izhevsk plant.

How long the unit will operate depends solely on how sealed the housing is and how the insulation of the wire turns is not damaged, and this is quite a significant period, according to the manufacturer - up to 30 years.

For all these advantages, which the device 100% has, you need to shell out a lot of money; an induction, magnetic water heater is the most expensive of all types of heating installations. Therefore, many craftsmen prefer to assemble an ultra-economical heating unit themselves.

Making an induction heater with your own hands

Making an invention is not difficult; if you have the skills, you can make a good device. The simplest unit, which is assembled by hand, consists of a piece of pipe (plastic), inside which various elements (metal) are arranged to create a core.

It could be:

• Stainless steel wire;
• Wire rolled into balls, chopped into small pieces - wire rod, the diameter of which is 8 mm;
• Drill according to pipe diameter.

On the outside, fiberglass sticks are glued to it, and a 1.7 mm thick wire in insulation needs to be wound around them. The length of the wire is approximately 11 m. Then the induction heater must be tested by filling it with water and connecting it, for example, to an ORION induction hob with a power of 2 kW instead of a standard inductor. A vortex radiator welded from several metal pipes acts as an external core for eddy currents created by a coil of the same panel.

As a result, we can draw the following conclusion:

1. The heat power of the manufactured heating device is higher than the electrical power of the panel.
2. The number and size of the tubes were chosen randomly but provided sufficient surface area for the heat generated by the eddy currents.
3. This water heater design turned out to be successful for a specific case when the apartment space is surrounded by other apartments that are heated.

The device works correctly, so if you have the desire, experience and knowledge, you can bring this idea to life. For complex models, it may be necessary to use a 3-phase transformer.

High precision induction heating

This heating has the simplest principle, since it is non-contact. High-frequency pulse heating makes it possible to achieve the highest temperature conditions, at which it is possible to process the most difficult metals to melt. To perform induction heating, you need to create the required voltage of 12V (volts) and inductance frequency in electromagnetic fields.

This can be done in a special device - an inductor. It is powered by electricity from an industrial power supply at 50 Hz.

It is possible to use individual power supplies for this – converters/generators. The simplest device for a low-frequency device is a spiral (insulated conductor), which can be placed in the inside of a metal pipe or wound around it. The flowing currents heat the tube, which subsequently supplies heat to the living space.

The use of induction heating at minimum frequencies is not common. The most common processing of metals is at higher or medium frequencies. Such devices are distinguished by the fact that the magnetic wave travels to the surface, where it attenuates. The energy is converted into heat. For the best effect, both components must have a similar shape. Where is heat applied?

Today, the use of high-frequency heating is widespread:

• For melting metals and soldering them using a non-contact method;
• Mechanical engineering industry;
• Jewelry;
• Creation of small elements (boards) that can be damaged when using other techniques;
• Hardening of surfaces of parts of various configurations;
• Heat treatment of parts;
• Medical practice (disinfection of devices/instruments).

Heating can solve many problems.

Advantages: induction heating of metal

Heating has many benefits. With its help, it is possible to quickly heat and melt any conductive material to a liquid state. Makes it possible to perform heating in any environment that does not conduct current, that is, the melting-working function.

Because only the conductor heats up, the walls remain cold. This type of heating does not pollute the environment. If gas burners pollute the air, then induction heating eliminates this, because of how electromagnetic radiation works. Compact dimensions of the inductor. Possibility of creating a device of any shape.

Heating is indispensable if you need to heat only a selected area on the surface. The device can also configure such special equipment to the required mode and adjust it.

How to make an induction heater from a computer power supply

The heater can be made from a computer power supply.

Will need:

• Throttle from the computer unit;
• Soldering iron;
• Welding machine;
• Wire cutters;
• Stainless steel wire 6 mm;
• Enameled flat copper wire 2mm;
• Steel pipes 25 mm;
• Plastic pipe 50 mm;
• Durable sanitary fittings;
• Explosion valve;
• Parts for assembling the circuit.

The boiler consists of a coil, a heat exchanger, a terminal box, a control cabinet, inlet and outlet pipes. The installation is simple, the main thing is to follow the diagram. A good laboratory power supply can be developed in a day and implemented in a day. Devices are connected through a transformer point.

Simple DIY inductor

A HDTV inductor can often come in handy in home life.

This device is often used to heat stuck:

• Nuts/bolts;
• Car frames and beams;
• Parts for car service, including bearings and various bushings.

Such devices can be bought in a specialized store, just like any other equipment, for example, an inverter Chinese air conditioner, a seismic sensor, but they are very expensive. However, there is a way out; it is quite possible to create an induction heater at home. For assembly you will need a transformer, it can be made from 2 rings. Ferrite grade can be used M 2000 NM.

The primary winding should contain approximately 26 turns of wire with a diameter of 0.75 mm. The primary winding is connected where the inverter comes out. The second winding consists of one loop of a copper tube with a diameter of 6 mm, which is also the outlet of the inductor-tube, which passes through the center of the annular part of the transformer.

The inductor itself is a coil of several turns of a copper tube - 4 mm.

The capacitor, together with the device, performs the work of an oscillation circuit that creates a resonance frequency to which the inverter is tuned. If a workpiece is placed in the central part of the copper spiral, it will provide active resistance. HDTV occurs in the coil itself, so the tube with the coils gets very hot, which means it must be cooled; for this, it is possible to use ordinary water from pipelines.

To connect to the inductor, it is necessary to use dielectric tubes, since a high voltage develops in the circuit. The running water that cools the inductor requires constant monitoring, so a special insert is installed in the drain, to which a thermocouple and a tester are attached to control the temperature. The device should use a powerful capacitor; it can be assembled from forty high-voltage capacitors of 0.033 μF each.

DIY induction heater (video)

As you can see, making an inductor with your own hands is not difficult, the main thing is to follow the diagram, you can also create an induction horn or assemble a circuit using thyristors or any other, for example, the internal contents of a transistor.

The uniqueness of man lies in the fact that he constantly invents devices and mechanisms that greatly facilitate work in one or another area of ​​work or life activity.

For this purpose, as a rule, the latest developments in the field of science are used.

Induction heating was no exception. Recently, the principle of induction has been widely used in many areas, which can easily be attributed to:

• in metallurgy, induction heating is used to melt metals;
• in some industries, special rapid heating furnaces are used, the operation of which is based on the principle of induction;
• In the domestic sphere, induction heaters can be used, for example, for cooking, heating water or heating a private home. (You can read about the features of induction heating in).

Today there are a great variety of industrial-type induction installations. But this does not mean that the design of such devices is very intricate.

It is quite possible to make a simple induction heater for domestic needs with your own hands. In this article we will talk in detail about an induction heater, as well as various ways to make it yourself.

Kinds

Do-it-yourself induction heating units are usually divided into two main types:

• (abbreviated as VIN), which are mainly used for heating water and heating the home;
• heaters, the design of which provides for the use of various types of electronic parts and assemblies.

The vortex induction heater (VIN) consists of the following structural components:

• a device that converts ordinary electricity into high-frequency current;
• an inductor, which is a kind of transformer that creates a magnetic field;
• heat exchanger or heating element, which is located inside the inductor.

The operating principle of the VIN consists of the following stages:

Specialist's note: Since the induction coil is considered the most important element of this type of heater, its manufacture must be approached quite scrupulously: the copper wire must be wound in neat turns onto a plastic pipe. The number of turns must be at least 100.

As can be seen from the description, the design of the VIN is not complicated enough, so you can easily make a vortex heater with your own hands.

How to make

First option.

Electronic circuit of the heater. (Click to enlarge) A fairly simple and, at the same time, powerful induction heater can be constructed on the basis of a printed circuit board, the diagram of which is shown in the figure.

The features of this scheme are the following important points:

1. This design is essentially a multivibrator, which is organized using high-power transistors.
2. An important element of the circuit is resistance, which will prevent the transistors from overheating, which will generally affect the efficient functioning of the entire inductor.
3. The inductor itself should look like a kind of spiral, and consist of 6–8 turns of copper wire
4. In order not to think too much about the design of the voltage regulator, you can take it ready-made from a computer power supply.

Expert advice: Since the inductor will generate strong heat, in order to avoid damage, it is recommended to install transistors on special radiators.

Second option.
This method of constructing an induction heater is based on the use of an electronic transformer.

Its essence is as follows:

• two pipes are connected to each other by welding in such a way that in cross-section they resemble the shape of a donut (this configuration will simultaneously serve as a conductor and a heating element);
• the copper wire is wound directly onto the body;
• For high-quality movement of the coolant, two pipes are welded into the body, through one of which water will enter the heater, and through the other it will be supplied to the heating system.

Thus, we have indicated all possible ways to assemble an induction heater using electronic parts. We hope that our tips and recommendations will be very informative for you.

Watch the video in which an experienced user explains one of the options for making an induction heater with your own hands: