Presentation on the topic "The natural world of South America." Presentation "North America" ​​(business card) The world's largest active volcano

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Target: using a system of methods, techniques and forms (model method, reliance on associative experience, organization of pairs), to ensure the implementation of the ideas of productive education.

Tasks:

Introduce students to the nature of the continent;

To introduce students to the unique organic world of the continent;

Develop independent judgment and imaginative thinking;

Introduce some elements of the continent’s culture;

Materials for the lesson: multimedia projector, screen, presentation, answer sheets, map of “South America”.

During the classes

Guys, we have already studied the features of the nature of Africa and Antarctica, today we will take a virtual trip to the amazing continent of South America. South America is the complete opposite of the territory of our country. When we have day, there is night, when we have summer, there is winter. Let's take a trip to this continent by the shortest route. No, not through the center of the Earth, but in the usual way - on the map. After all, in real life, not everyone manages to become a participant in discoveries, and then hearts respond with sadness to the touching lines of Robert Rozhdestvensky: (Sladas 2-11 against the background of music performed by the Paul Maria orchestra “Love Story”).

I regret that I did not see the face of the whole Earth,
All its oceans, icy peaks and sunsets.
Only the sail of dreams guided my ships around the world,
Only in the glass windows did I meet albatrosses and stingrays.
I didn't hear Big Ben strike the hour in London,
I did not see how the stars are sliding lower and lower towards the fiords,
How the bitter snow of the Atlantic foam boils behind the stern,
And at the beginning of spring, violets in Paris turn blue.

So, is everyone ready? We're going on a trip to South America. (slide 12)

Travel is a bright spider,
In a web of paths and roads,
Travel is a sweet fright,
The moment the threshold is crossed.

Latin American melody sounds . Against the background of the melody, slides with views of the mainland . There is a short but picturesque story introducing students to the natural and man-made uniqueness of South America (slides 13-28). (Appendix 1)

South America is a large continent with many geographical features. Sign up for blue cards contain 3 geographical names that are associated with your perception of the nature of South America. (Appendix 2)

Recording options:

1) Andes
Amazon
Titicaca

2) Amazon
Brazilian plateau
Tierra del Fuego

3) Amazon
Angel
Rio de Janeiro (slide 29)

Model 2

"What's happened? Who it?"

Determine the natural origin of the proposed objects and label them next to them. (Appendix 3)

Recording options:

1) Andes - mountains
Amazon - river
Titicaca - lake

2) Tierra del Fuego - island
Brazil - country
Sloth is an animal

3) Angel - waterfall
Rio de Janeiro - city
Toucan - bird

4) Victoria amazonica – plant
Cotopaxi - volcano
Brazilian plateau - plain

5) Keymanda Grandi – island
Sugarloaf Mountain
Atacama - desert (slide 30)

Model 3

“The mainland’s calling card”

We work in pairs.

For the proposed objects, select from the text several characteristics that most fully recreate the image of the continent and are its calling card. You can use atlases while completing this task.

As a result of your work, you should have a short story that includes 5-6 features of each of the three proposed objects.

Option 1

The Andes are mountains - high, rocky, young, rugged, stretching from north to south, rich in vegetation, many minerals.

The Amazon is a flat, full-flowing, wide river, stormy in the upper reaches, piranhas and crocodiles are found.

Titicaca is an alpine, freshwater lake that keeps many secrets and is deep.

Option 2

The Amazon is a river - it flows into the Atlantic Ocean, it is full-flowing, there are many tributaries, the banks are swampy, and there are many predators.

The Brazilian plateau - average heights 500-1000 m, rich in minerals, ancient origin, long ago developed.

Tierra del Fuego - the island is located in the extreme south of the mainland, volcanic activity remains.

The work is finished. Thank you very much. Your descriptions turned out to be extraordinary and meaningful.

I can’t help but introduce you to other geographical objects created by nature itself. Objects are amazing and multifaceted . (Slides 31-52, text is written on the slides telling about the tall grass plain of the north of the mainland - Llanos, high mountain lake - Titicaca, Iguazu and Angel Falls).

Llanos is an open, flat space stretching on both sides of the river. Orinoco. The surface of the llanos is covered with dense tall grass with scattered isolated trees or palms here and there. This is the appearance of a typical Brazilian savanna - llanos. The climate of this area is extremely varied. Summer is dry and hot. But then the first clouds gather in the sky, the first rain falls. Behind him is another, a third. Parched soil greedily drinks moisture.

Bright greenery covers the entire earth, a multitude of flowers are colorful.

Titicaca.

The largest freshwater lake in South America is Titicaca. Inca legends about the sunken treasures of the lake have long excited the imagination of historians, archaeologists and treasure hunters. According to one legend, the Incas, having collected all the gold, cast a gold chain from it and, so that the treasure would not go to the enemy - the Spanish conquistadors, they threw it into a lake, which, as they believed, had no bottom. According to another legend, Indian warriors hid the gold and diamond treasures of the Inca king in a sunken palace.

The technically well-equipped French expedition of Jacques-Yves Cousteau, which had two small submarines, after an eight-week search, established that Lake Titicaca had no secrets. The expedition measured the depth of the “bottomless” lake.

Waterfalls.

In the Orinoco River basin, on the Churun ​​River, there is the highest waterfall on Earth - Angel, discovered relatively recently, in 1935. Angel is located in one of the most remote and inaccessible places in South America. The Auyan Tepui mountain range ends in a sheer rock wall. The approaches to the wall are blocked by impenetrable jungle. The natives consider them forbidden.

Another interesting waterfall - Iguazu - is located on the Iguazu River. “Iguazu” in the language of the Iguarani Indians means “Big Water”.

Iguazu falls in two main cascades, but the total number of waterfalls in the system is 275. Excitement covers everyone who observes this miracle of nature. It is impossible to cover the entire front of the waterfall with a glance from the ground: rocks and tropical forest get in the way. Iguazu throws down a monstrous mass of water. Water consumption - 12266 tons per second.

Eyewitnesses speak of the Iguazu Falls this way: “A grandiose spectacle of unprecedented beauty, amazing everyone who was lucky enough to see it.”

The next task is called “Geography of the Continent”.

Let's go back to the answer sheets. To complete this simple task you will need atlases.

Model 4

“Geography of the mainland”

Use atlases to complete the sentence. (Appendix 3)

South America is located in the hemisphere ... (first pair).

South America is washed by... (the second pair names the oceans).

South America is located in climatic zones... (third pair).

The closest continents are... (fourth pair).

The largest rivers of the mainland are... (fifth pair).

Thank you. Let's check. (Slides 54-57)

Carrying out a virtual journey across the mainland, we have already become quite familiar with the features of its natural complex.

Please choose a word that can describe the natural complex of the mainland: diverse, unique, original, contrasting, beautiful, inimitable, exotic, rich, amazing. (Slide 58)

Model 5

“Memo for a traveler going to South America.”

“South America – the country of your dreams”

Now a creative task: make up a few phrases addressed to a traveler going to South America. Your description should begin with the phrase: “South America is the country of your dreams,” and should advantageously highlight the most striking sights of the mainland and the flavor of the local nature. (the task is performed against the background of music performed by the Paul Maria orchestra “Brazilian Carnival”; slide 59)

Speeches by participants.

Thank you. I think that everyone present had a desire to turn our virtual journey into a real one.

A moment of relaxation.

I invite you to relax and wander with me through the most exotic bazaar in Brazil. (voice accompaniment of a trip through the Brazilian bazaar was recorded; slides 60-74)

At the fair in the port of Fortaleza you can buy rice, cassava tubers or cereals made from them, which are called here “farinha”, “castanha do Para”, or the famous Brazil nut, cocoa, coconuts, bananas, pineapples, fish from the smallest to the largest and, in addition to many food products, also valuable crocodile or snake skins, items made from skillfully woven palm fibers, jaguar skins, amazing items made from the wings of beautiful butterflies, necklaces made from dried seeds, and many other items made by skilled Indian craftsmen. At the fair there are also collections of colorful butterflies and moths, bunches of dried hummingbirds, even live parrots that can say a few words in Spanish or Portuguese, monkeys, and in some places you can find a live anaconda for sale.

And, of course, I couldn’t help but look with you at the most colorful and fiery Brazilian holiday - the carnival in the sunny city of Rio de Janeiro. (Slide 75 against the background of the Latin American melody “Brazilian Drums”).

Our journey through South America is coming to an end.

Today we got acquainted with the unique natural complex of South America - the continent of records. The word “most” can be added to many of its natural objects.

Model 6

"The best".(Slide 76)

Finish my sentences. I ask you to answer in unison.

• The highest waterfall in the world... (Angel)
• The deepest river in the world... (Amazon)
• The highest freshwater lake... (Titicaca)
• The most “copper” mountains on the planet... (Andes)
• The most beautiful and magnificent carnivals... (in Brazil)
• The most exotic bazaars... (Brazilian) (Slide 77-82).

Reflection.

Model 7

“Providing feedback”

From the suggested emoticons, choose one that matches your perception of today's lesson. (slide 84 against the background of the music “Wind of Change”)

Our journey is over.

But, no matter where we are, it is especially pleasant to return home, to our homeland, to Russia! (Slide 84)

Countries of South America: features of the continent

The countries of South America attract many tourists with their pristine nature and special flavor. From childhood, everyone knows about the wilds of the Amazon, colorful carnivals, fiery dances, and exotica. Of course, civilization has significantly changed the map of South America, and there are practically no unexplored places on it. But the legendary attitude towards the exoticism of this distant land remains, and people strive to visit there. Those wishing to visit these countries need to know at least a little about them. Wikipedia about South America provides the necessary minimum set of information.

Continent Information

The geographical position of South America can be imagined: the mainland is located mostly in the Southern Hemisphere of the globe, and only a small part of it is in the Northern Hemisphere. The location of the continent on the planet is fixed by the following extreme points of South America and their coordinates: north - Cape Gallinas (12°27'N, 71°39'W);

continental south - Cape Froward (53°54'S, 71°18'W); island south – Diego Ramirez (56°30′ S, 68°43’ W); west - Cape Parinhas (4°40' S, 81°20' W); east - Cape Cabo Branco (7°10' S, 34°47' W). South America has a territory of 17.9 million square meters. km, and the total population is about 387.5 million people.

The history of the development of the continent is divided into 3 characteristic periods:

• Autochthonous civilizations: the stage of formation, flourishing and complete collapse of local civilizations (Indian ethnic groups, including the Incas).
• Colonization (XVI-XVIII centuries): almost the entire continent had the status of Spanish and Portuguese colonies. The period of the birth of statehood.
• Independent stage. It is characterized by extremely unstable political and economic development, but the final formation of state borders.

Geological and climatic features

If you look at the extreme points of South America, you can see that the continent stretches for a long distance from north to south, which causes a variety of geological forms and climatic zones. In general terms, the geological structure can be assessed as the existence of a mountainous western part and a flat east. The average height of mainland South America is about 580 m above sea level, but mountain ranges with fairly high peaks predominate in the west. Almost along the entire western coast of the ocean stretches a mountain range - the Andes.

In the northern part there is the elevated Guiana Highlands, and in the eastern part there is the Brazilian Plateau. Between these two hills, a large area is occupied by the Amazon Lowland, formed by the river of the same name. The mountain system is a young geological formation and is characterized by volcanic activity, as well as fairly frequent earthquakes.

A significant area in the southwest of the continent was captured by the lifeless Atacama Desert. In addition to the Amazon, the lowland plains are formed by 2 more large rivers - the Orinoco (Orinoco Lowland) and the Parana (La Plata Lowland).

The natural zones of South America change with distance from the equator - from the very hot equatorial zone in the north of the continent to the cold polar zone in the extreme south (in areas approaching Antarctica). The main climatic zones are the equatorial zone, the subequatorial zone (on both sides of the equator), tropical, subtropical and temperate zones.

The tropical and subequatorial zones cover most of South America, causing a characteristic alternation of very wet and extremely dry periods. The Amazonian lowland is dominated by an equatorial climate with constant humid heat, and closer to the south of the continent, first a subtropical and then a temperate climate appears. In flat areas, i.e. over a large area of ​​the northern part of the continent, the air warms up to 21-27°C all year round, but in the south, temperatures of 11-12°C can be observed even in summer.

Taking into account the geographical location, the winter season in South America is June-August, and the summer season is December-February. Seasonality clearly manifests itself only with distance from the tropics. In winter in the south of the continent, temperatures often drop to frost. The high humidity of South America should be highlighted - it is considered the wettest continent. At the same time, the Atacama Desert is one of the places where any precipitation is very rare.

Natural features of the continent

The diversity of climatic zones also leads to a diversity of natural manifestations. The Amazonian jungle, which occupies a vast territory, is a kind of calling card. In many places of impenetrable forests no human has yet set foot. Given the area they occupy, these jungles are called “the lungs of the planet.”

The Amazon forest and other plains of the equatorial and tropical zones amaze with the abundance of flora species. The vegetation is so dense that it is almost impossible to pass. Everything grows upward, towards the sun - as a result, the height of vegetation exceeds 100 m, and tiered life occurs at different heights. Vegetation can be distributed at 11-12 levels. The most characteristic jungle plant is the ceiba. There are a large number of different types of palm trees, melon tree and many other varieties of flora.

The most famous animals of South America live in the Amazon region. Here you can see the rarest representative of the fauna - the sloth. Selva becomes a haven for the smallest bird in the world - the hummingbird, and a large number of amphibians (including the poisonous frog). Huge anacondas are amazing, the record holder among rodents is calibara, tapirs, freshwater dolphins, jaguars. Only here there is a wild cat - the ocelot. Crocodiles live in large numbers in the Amazon itself and its tributaries. The predator, the piranha fish, has become legendary.

After the Amazonian jungle, it’s the savannahs’ turn. Only here can you find the quebracho tree with very hard wood. Small savannah forests give way to steppe. The fauna of savannahs is also capable of striking with its inhabitants. South Americans are especially proud of their armadillos. In the savannas there are anteaters, rheas (ostriches), pumas, kinkajous, and spectacled bears. Llamas and deer graze in the steppe areas. In mountainous areas you can find mountain llamas and alpacas.

Natural attractions

The natural attractions of South America can safely include entire areas that amaze with their originality and pristine nature. Unique in all respects is the southern tip of the continent - the island of Tierra del Fuego, blown by Antarctic winds and storms. The entire mountain range (Andes) with its frozen and active volcanoes and pointed peaks can also be called unique. The highest peak is very beautiful - Aconcagua Peak (6960 m).

The continent's river system is represented by large rivers. It is in South America that there is the highest waterfall - Angel, as well as the most powerful waterfall - Iguazu. The South American lakes are very beautiful - Titicaca, Maracaibo, Patus.

Statehood on the continent

As they liberated themselves from the colonialists, states formed on the continent. By the 21st century, the list of South American countries with independence includes 12 states. This list also includes 3 territories administered by other countries.

The list of countries is as follows:

• Brazil. The largest state - with an area of ​​more than 8.5 million square meters. km and with a population of 192 million people. The capital is Brasilia, and the largest city is Rio de Janeiro. The official language is Portuguese. The most spectacular and tourist-attracting event is the carnival. This is where the main beauties of the Amazon, Iguazu Falls, and beautiful Atlantic beaches are located.
• Argentina. The second largest country in terms of size and population (area - more than 2.7 million sq. km, population - about 40.7 million people). The official language is Spanish. The capital is Buenos Aires. The main tourist attractions are the Museum of the End of the World in Ushuaia (in the very south of the continent), silver mines, Patagonia with Indian exoticism, and a nature reserve with waterfalls.
• Bolivia. A state in the central part of the continent without access to the ocean. The area is almost 1.1 million square meters. km, and the population is 8.9 million people. The official capital is Sucre, but in fact its role is played by La Paz. Main attractions: Lake Titicaca, eastern slopes of the Andes, Indian national events.
• Venezuela. The northern part of the continent with access to the Caribbean Sea. Area – slightly more than 0.9 million square meters. km, population – 26.4 million people. The capital is Caracas. Here is Angel Falls, Avila National Park, and the longest cable car.
• Guyana. Located in the northeast and washed by the ocean. Area – 0.2 million square meters. km, population - 770 thousand people. The capital is Georgetown. Almost everything is covered with jungle, which attracts eco-tourists. Attractions: waterfalls, national parks, savannah.
• Colombia. Country in the northwest, with an area of ​​1.1 million square meters. km and a population of 45 million people. The capital is Bogota. It has a visa-free regime with Russia. Famous for its historical museums, beaches, national parks.
• Paraguay. It occupies almost the center of South America, but has no access to the ocean. Territory – 0.4 million square meters. km, population – 6.4 million people. The capital is Asuncion. Monuments from the Jesuit period are well preserved.
• Peru. Located in the west of the mainland, on the Pacific coast. Area – slightly less than 1.3 million square meters. km, and the population is 28 million people. The capital is Lima. The main monuments of the Inca state are located here - Machu Picchu, the mystical Nazca Lines, and more than 150 museums.
• Suriname. The northeastern part of the continent, with a territory of about 160 thousand square meters. km and a population of 440 thousand people. The capital is Paramaribo. Routes to the Atabru, Kau, Uanotobo waterfalls, the Galibi Nature Reserve, and Indian settlements are open for tourists.
• Uruguay. A country in the southeastern part of the mainland with its capital in Montevideo. Area – 176 thousand square meters. km, population – 3.5 million people. Famous for its colorful carnival. Tourists are attracted by the beautiful beaches and architectural attractions.
• Chile. The state stretches along the Pacific coast and is limited by the high ridge of the Andes. Area – 757 thousand square meters. km, population – 16.5 million people. The capital is Santiago. The country has developed balneological treatment and ski centers. There are beautiful beaches and national parks.
• Ecuador. A country in the northeastern part with a territory of slightly more than 280 thousand square meters. km and a population of almost 14 million people, with the capital Quito. The most attractive places are the Galapagos Islands, national park, lakes, Ingapirku monuments, museums.

In addition to independent states, South America contains territories governed by other states: Guiana (an overseas territory of France); The South Sandwich Islands and South Georgia (administered by Great Britain), as well as the Falkland or Malvinas Islands, which have been long disputed between Great Britain and Argentina.

The countries of South America are considered quite attractive for tourists from around the world. Here you can enjoy pristine nature, historical monuments, and relax on beautiful beaches.

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Lesson topic : Latin America. "Business card" of the region.

Target :To form independent activity of students in assessing the EGP,

characteristics of the economy and population of Latin American countries.

Tasks :1. Form an idea of ​​the countries of Latin America.

2. Assess natural resource potential.

3.Characterize the population.

4. Develop skills and abilities to independently find and highlight the most important skills

work with a map and additional material; note-taking, skill

work in a group, individually, draw conclusions.

5. Continue to cultivate interest in the subject of geography, the desire to increase

motivation to search and acquire geographical knowledge, tolerant attitude

a sense of patriotism towards the peoples of the world.

Equipment : Teaching materials, political and physical maps of the world, presentations, cards

with tasks.

Lesson type : a lesson in the formation and improvement of knowledge, skills and abilities.

Equipment:

textbook V. P. Maksakovsky, Economic and social geography of the world, M.,

Education. 2014; atlas 10th grade, M., Bustard, 2015, presentation “Countries

Latin America", wall-mounted physical and political maps of the world, disk

virtual school “Cyril and Methodius” Geography lessons 10th grade, Latin lesson

America is the “business card” of the region.

Subject:

will be able to use the atlas maps to determine the features of the EGP of Latin American countries,

identify industries of specialization, compare population density.

Metasubject

Cognitive:

 Will be able to find reliable information in the textbook,

 analyze (including highlighting the main thing, dividing the text into parts) and summarize,

 draw conclusions, define concepts; build logically sound

reasoning

Regulatory:

 Determine the goal, problem in educational activities,

 Put forward versions, choose means to achieve goals in the group and

individually

 Plan activities in educational and life situations

 Evaluate the degree and methods of achieving goals in educational and life

situations, correct mistakes independently

Communicative:

 Express your opinion (in a monologue, dialogue)

 Understand the other's position.

 It is worthy to correct your opinion under the influence of counterarguments

admit it's wrong

 Create oral and written texts to solve various communication problems – with

with help and independently

 Organize work in pairs, groups (independently determine goals, roles,

ask questions, develop solutions)

 Use ICT as a tool to achieve your goals

Personal:

 Reasonably evaluate your own and others’ actions in clear and unambiguous terms

ambiguous situations (including educational ones), based on universal human

moral values

 Be aware of your emotions, adequately express and control, understand

other people's emotional state

 Become aware of your character traits, interests, goals, positions, your

ideological choice.

During the classes:

1. Org. moment.

Teacher : Hello, sit down. Coffee, football, carnival, Machu Picchu, poncho

What countries are you associated with?

Students: Brazil, Peru, Mexico.

Teacher: Okay, well done. Today we begin to study Latin countries

America. It’s hard to imagine that in the 21st century, not a country, but

an entire continent that is considered typical to this day, with all its “cons”

backwardness, part of the “third world”.

2. Studying new material (conversation). Slide 1.

Teacher: Latin America is the region of the Western Hemisphere between the United States

and Antarctica. It includes Mexico, Central America, the West Indies and

South America. In total, the region includes 33 sovereign states, as well as 14

countries that are possessions of Great Britain, France, the Netherlands and the USA.

The area of ​​the region is 21 million km2. The length from north to south is 13 thousand km, from west to

east 5 thousand km.

Slide 2.

Question. 1. Which countries in L.A. have more favorable EGP?

island states. The exceptions are Bolivia and Paraguay.

Working with the textbook. (Country cards).

Teacher: Let's get acquainted with the political system of the countries of L.A. Write to

notebook, which countries are federal states.

Students: Mexico, Venezuela, Brazil, Argentina, other countries

unitary.

Teacher : Okay, how do countries differ in terms of their political system?

Students :All are either republics or states within the commonwealth,

led by Great Britain. Slide 4.5.

Teacher: Okay. Now let's work in groups. Each group has its own question, 2

minutes for discussion.

Working with the 7th grade atlas and textbook. Slide 6.

Group 1 answer. We had a question “Relief, placement of the main forms of relief,

minerals". According to the topography of the country, L.A. can be divided into 2 groups:

mountainous in the west and plain in the east. In the heat of the moment, the longest mountains on Earth

Andes (South America) and Cordillera (North America). In the east

The world's largest lowland is located in the Amazon, Brazilian

plateau, La Plata plain. The relief is varied. The region is also rich

minerals. There is oil, natural gas - Lake Maracaibo,

Gulf of Mexico, ores of ferrous and non-ferrous metals: iron. ore, lithium, copper,

nickel, tin, gold, silver, saltpeter, sulfur. It’s not for nothing that Andes means

Teacher : Okay, group 2.

Group 2 answer: We had a question: “In what climatic zones is it located?

region". As we remember from 7th grade, America is the wettest continent on Earth,

due to its geographical location. The countries of L.A. are located in all

climatic zones except the polar ones. The most favorable climate

conditions in the subtropical and subequatorial zones. It's warm here, it's falling out

sufficient rainfall, but in the south it’s cold, breathing affects

Antarctica, and due to the flat terrain in the east, cold air masses

can travel far to the north. Also in the mountains, the climate depends on the altitude. Conclusion:

The climate is varied.

Teacher : Okay, group 3.

Group 3 answer: We had a question: “Inland waters, placement on the territory.”

There are many record holders in South Africa - this is the longest and deepest river

world - Amazon, with numerous tributaries, in the north of the river. Orinoco, on it

the highest waterfall in the world is located - Angel, a river flows in the east

Maracaibo in the north, in the Titicaca mountains.

Teacher : Well done, group 4.

Group 4 answer: We had a question: “Natural areas, plant and animal

world". The nature of L.A. is diverse. A huge area is occupied by equatorial forest -

or wood, red, sandalwood. Sloths, jaguars, tapirs, many

monkeys, birds, insects, freshwater dolphins, electric

stingrays, piranhas and many other fish. Steppe or pampa - almost everything is plowed or

Teacher: Well done, we remembered 7th grade. Now let's talk about the population of L.A.

Working with the textbook.

Q: What is the population of the region?

A: 570 million people (2012)

Q: Which countries have a population of over 100 million? people

A: Mexico, Brazil - 5th place in the world.

Q: Which countries have more than 50 million people?

A: There are no such countries.

Q: Over 10 million people.

A: Guatemala, Cuba, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, Chile, Argentina.

Teacher: The modern ethnic composition of the population of L.A. has developed under

exposure to 3 components.

Population

Indian tribes European Africans

and ethnic settlers since the 16th century

Creoles

More than half of the population are descendants of mixed marriages: mestizos, mulattoes, Sambos.

Teacher: Let's see how the population is distributed across the territory.

Uch eniki : The population is not evenly distributed, the highest population density

along the coast.

Teacher : The population of L.A. is characterized by 3 features:

1. On least populated region of the world 27 people/km2

2. Uneven placement.

3. Plateaus and mountains have been developed; nowhere does the population rise as high as

Teacher: Fine. Next question: Where is the highest population density?

Students : - SE of the Brazilian Plateau.

-Subtropics of Chile.

-Around the bay and lake of Maracaibo.

Teach l: What is the level of urbanization in these countries?

Students : High - 80%, 40 cities - millionaires.

Teacher : Where are the largest agglomerations?

Students : 1 place - Greater Mexico City - 20 million people, San -Paulo- about 20 million, Buines -

Aires - 10 million people

Teacher : The urban population is growing due to migrants from the countryside and large

natural growth. Type 2 reproduction. For L.A. characteristically false

urbanization - the urban population is growing, but the economically active population is not,

constant influx of rural population, the authorities cannot provide housing,

jobs, slums are growing, crime is rising. (Fig. 95)

Guatemala (Spanish: Guatemala), Republic of Guatemala is a state in Central America. The largest in terms of population (13 million people in 2008) of the Central American republics. The population is mainly mestizos (58%) and Indians (40%). Spanish state of Central America 2008 mestizos Indians At the beginning of the 20th century, the bulk of the population of Guatemala were Indians (65% in the 1920s), but there is a process of mixing Indians with mestizos, and they are moving into the category of so-called “ladinos” (they switch to Spanish language, culture and customs).XX century

There are several theories regarding the origin of the name of the state of Honduras, but to date none of them has scientific basis. According to one legend, the name of the country comes from a statement by Christopher Columbus during his last, fourth voyage to the New World in 1502. His ship was caught in a severe storm, and when he managed to escape, he said: “Gracias a Dios que hemos salido de estas ... and then he added ... honduras” (translation: “I thank God that we have come out of these depths”). This phrase gave the name to Cape Gracias a Dios and the country of Honduras. The depths off the coast of Honduras are really great, so this name could have been given independently of the said phrase of Columbus. [The first mention of the name "Honduras" to refer to the area west of Cape Gracias a Dios appeared in texts in 1607. Christopher Columbus 1502)