home Heating installation Increased oil consumption. High oil consumption, causes and solutions Oil consumption in the VAZ 2107 engine

Increased oil consumption. High oil consumption, causes and solutions Oil consumption in the VAZ 2107 engine

The problem of engine oil consumption worries many car enthusiasts. As you know, lubricant consumption is one of the important indicators general condition engine. You can hear from some car owners that the engine does not take oil, that is, the level remains the same or remains within acceptable limits from replacement to replacement.

Others note increased or high oil consumption in the engine, which causes the need. Let us immediately note that the manufacturers themselves separately indicate the oil consumption rates in the engine. This means that the power unit can consume lubricant within certain limits, and such consumption is not a malfunction.

This phenomenon is usually called oil consumption due to waste. However, exceeding the norm for adding oil to the engine may well indicate problems with the internal combustion engine, engine, etc.

In this article we will look at what kind of “oil appetite” of various power units can be considered acceptable, as well as what factors and features affect lubricant consumption in internal combustion engines.

So, let's start with the fact that all engines consume motor oil to a greater or lesser extent. This happens taking into account the design features of the internal combustion engine, namely due to the urgent need to lubricate components and parts. In other words, the main loss of lubricant occurs as a result of the need to supply lubricant to the cylinder walls.

This area in the engine is a heat-loaded area. For this reason, partial evaporation and combustion of the lubricant occurs. Also, some of the oil is not removed from the cylinder walls, as a result of which the remaining lubricant burns along with the fuel in the combustion chamber.

As a rule, in modern engines the declared oil consumption is, on average, from 0.1 to 0.3% of the total fuel consumption that was expended to overcome any part of the journey. It turns out that if the car has traveled 100 km, and the consumption is 10 liters of fuel, then the norm will also be to consume, on average, 20 grams of oil.

It turns out that lubricant consumption can be considered acceptable if it does not exceed about 3 liters. per 10 thousand kilometers traveled. It is also important to understand that the consumption rate will greatly depend on the type of engine, its degree, etc.

For example, for many gasoline internal combustion engines, the norm is around 0.1%. On gasoline turbo engines, the consumption rate is noticeably higher. As for the standard, the declared lubricant consumption will be greater than any gasoline analogue and ranges, on average, from 0.8 to 3%. The indicated 3% is consumed by forced turbodiesels with two turbines, etc.

You can also separately mention rotary motors, which are particularly prone to lubricant consumption. Such units (taking into account their fully operational condition) consume about 1-1.2 liters of oil per 1000 km. mileage For reference, the manuals for different engines indicate that the norm for oil consumption for waste is 1 liter per 3 thousand km traveled, that is, about 3 liters per 10 thousand km.

At the same time, manufacturers also note that consumption directly depends on both the technical condition of the internal combustion engine and the operating characteristics of a particular vehicle (load on the unit, speed, etc.)

What determines engine oil consumption and how to reduce it

As mentioned above, oil is consumed in any engine, since the oil film on parts to protect against dry friction burns in the chamber along with the fuel charge. If we add to this the natural wear and tear of the internal combustion engine during operation, then lubricant consumption further increases.

However, it becomes quite obvious that 3 liters of oil per 10 thousand km. for a small car with an in-line aspirated engine this can be considered a high consumption, while for a powerful unit with a large displacement this is a completely acceptable figure. Practice shows that even if the engine begins to “eat” more oil than normal, it is more economically profitable to simply add lubricant than to immediately overhaul the engine just because of increased consumption.

The fact is that at many service stations, technicians prefer not to diagnose a separate cause of increased oil consumption, but immediately offer the owner to make major repairs. It is important to consider that such expensive repairs are not always necessary.

First of all, lubricant consumption may increase due to oil leaking from the engine. In this case, it is enough to replace the gaskets and seals. As a rule, you need to pay attention to camshaft seals, etc.

In various situations, lubricant can flow along the external surface (leak out) and also penetrate into other systems. For example, if the crankshaft oil seal is at fault, a puddle may form under the car.

If the oil is actively consumed in the engine by waste,... In this case, especially compared to a leak, it is much more difficult to determine the cause without disassembling the engine.

However, even in such a situation, you can try to fight the waste before agreeing to repairs. First of all, lubricant consumption depends on the operating mode of the motor. In other words, driving at high speeds leads to an increase in temperature and loads, the oil thins out, is less easily removed by rings from the cylinder walls, burns out, etc.

It is also important to understand that the lubricant may not be suitable for the engine according to certain parameters. This means that you need to know which oil to choose for the engine and what features need to be taken into account.

If the engine is worn out, then at the same time you need to take into account the features of selecting oil for engines with high mileage. In a nutshell, the reduced viscosity material forms a thin film that the oil scraper rings cannot remove from the walls. If the lubricant is thick, then the film is very thick, and the rings cannot remove such a layer in full.

Taking into account the above, it becomes clear that you need to use the most suitable oil both in terms of tolerances and high temperature viscosity index. For example, from the list of recommended lubricants in the manual, you need to select a product with a higher viscosity compared to what is currently filled.

Each of the solutions has both its pros and cons, however, for a worn engine, in many cases it is possible to reduce lubricant consumption and.

An increase in crankcase pressure also causes excessive consumption of lubricant. In simple words, high pressure crankcase gases Causes oil to end up where it shouldn't be.

As a result, the lubricant enters the cylinders through the intake, after which it burns in the engine along with the fuel. In such a situation, it is necessary to diagnose and clean the crankcase ventilation system.

Problems with this also lead to lubricant leaks in the supercharger area, oil also entering the cylinders through the intake, etc.
The solution requires diagnostics and repair of the turbine. As a last resort, you can replace the turbocharger, and the lubricant consumption will also decrease.

What's the result?

Taking into account the above, we can conclude that the main reason for engine overhaul is the presence of significant defects and damage, as well as significant wear of parts and wear on the cylinder walls (scuffing, changes in geometry, etc.).

In this case, it will no longer be possible to eliminate the “guzzling” of oil only by decoking, replacing rings, valve stem seals, or switching to a more viscous lubricant. Typically, engines with such damage have low compression, start poorly both cold and hot, and significantly lose power.

During operation of the unit, knocking and extraneous noise may be present. As a rule, after disassembly and troubleshooting, the block needs to be bored/lined, the crankshaft grinded, etc. In other words, it is necessary major renovation.

If the engine is worn out, but operates normally, and the oil consumption is higher than normal, then you should not expect an immediate increase in lubricant consumption. The lubricant will be consumed more and more, but this problem will progress slowly.

It turns out that you add several liters of lubricant every 10 thousand km. will allow you to operate such a motor for more than tens of thousands of kilometers without major repairs (if no other breakdowns occur). At the same time, it is more cost-effective to add lubricant than to repair the engine.

Additionally, using a more viscous oil, replacing valve seals and cleaning the crankcase ventilation system will help reduce the overall consumption of lubricant and the cost of maintaining and servicing the internal combustion engine.

Where does this oil go?

As you know, all rubbing elements are lubricated with oil, without this it is impossible to imagine any internal combustion engine. The permissible oil consumption, as a rule, arises from the piston group of the engine, in this place the friction is greatest. Due to high temperatures, part of the engine oil burns out, “flying out into the pipe” along with the exhaust or depositing on the walls of the combustion chamber, piston rings or valve seats.

Note: You should not take the figure I gave above, 10,000 km and 1 liter of oil, as a rule; for each car this figure can differ significantly, it all depends on the brand of the engine and its features.

Increased fuel consumption indicates engine malfunctions; very often the cause is engine wear. As a rule, it all starts with oil appearing in the ventilation system; gradually, if nothing is done, oil will appear in the air filter. The reason for this is the pressure of crankcase gases, which increases as the engine wears, and oil is pushed into the breather.

Turbocharged engines can burn oil very quickly, drying out the engine sump due to simple wear and tear on the turbine rotor bushings. That is why owners of such engines should be extremely careful and promptly monitor oil consumption, starting with the turbine.

Reasons why the engine consumes oil?

Valve seals very often cause increased engine oil consumption. Oil seals are installed on the valves of the gas distribution system. Unexpected phenomena are possible here. For example, a poorly warmed-up engine increases the likelihood of hardening of the cap seals significantly, and there is no need to talk about used engines. A “hardened” cap will not provide a seal, therefore, oil will flow freely under the guide sleeve, along the valve stem. After this, the engine oil will either fly out along with the exhaust gases, or enter the combustion chamber and, burning, cover the spark plugs. The result is and.

Piston rings are the second most likely reason why an engine is burning oil. One piston usually has three rings, two compression rings on top, and one oil scraper ring underneath them. I hope you know what compression rings are for. With their help, the manufacturer reduces the gap between the piston and the cylinder wall, resulting in maximum efficiency of the transmitted energy for engine rotation. In order to reduce the friction that occurs between the compression rings and the cylinder walls, oil is supplied to them, the remains of which are removed by the oil scraper rings. Wear of these rings leads to the fact that some of the oil will remain on the walls, therefore, oil consumption will increase. As a result, one day you will miss several liters of engine oil and come to the conclusion that the engine is eating oil.

During its “life”, the motor undergoes a large number of heating and cooling cycles. At the same time, all engine parts are tested. Wear of piston rings or loss of elasticity, in addition to piston rings, is also fraught with the occurrence of a phenomenon called flutter. This phenomenon has been little studied, but one thing is known for sure: when the engine is running, the ring can oscillate along the piston radius with a high frequency, or can repeatedly jump from one edge of the piston groove to the other. Due to such fluctuations, the engine consumes almost liters of oil; most often this malfunction manifests itself in the form of characteristic blue smoke from the exhaust.

Low quality motor oil, as well as oil that does not match the type of engine, also often causes the engine to start to take oil. This reason indirectly affects the previous malfunction. The fact is that each engine has its own oil; if it is chosen incorrectly, its consumption can increase significantly. Due to the fact that the oil is too liquid, the piston rings cannot “collect” it and it remains on the cylinder walls and, after the fuel-air mixture is ignited, it burns along with it. As a result, it either “flies out” with the exhaust, or is deposited in the combustion chamber or on spark plugs, but no matter how you look at it, the oil level will constantly decrease. Also, often the “wrong” oil is deposited in a thick oily layer on engine parts, this can lead to “slipping” or. If the rings are stuck, compression is lost in all engine cylinders.

There are other reasons why an engine takes oil, such as natural wear and tear. In this case, a comprehensive production of all engine parts occurs. As a result, oil is lost many times faster than during normal operation. Engine wear most often involves deformation of the cylinder walls as the engine continues to be used. An increased gap between rubbing surfaces, cracks and chips and scuffs on the cylinder walls, as well as burnt-out cylinder head gaskets lead to oil leakage and a drop in its level. Residues of oil burn out or are deposited on parts; it is quite difficult to predict what the consumption will be in this case, it all depends on the degree of wear and damage to the internal combustion engine.

In conclusion I would like to add...

You should also be aware of replacement cycles. Remember that timely replacement will save you from many problems, including such an unpleasant phenomenon as excessive consumption of engine oil. Also, do not forget to promptly use special flushing oils. Buy only high-quality motor oil from a trusted manufacturer, the one recommended by your dealer or the one specified in the owner’s manual for your car.

Others do it yourself.

If all engine systems and mechanisms are in good working order, then over 10 thousand kilometers the oil will decrease by an amount that does not exceed the minimum permissible level. In short, on a working engine, add oil between two technical services not required.

Increased oil consumption is the result of two types of malfunctions:

1) violation of the tightness of connections of engine parts and components, due to which oil leaks out. The defect, as a rule, occurs due to loosening of the tightening of the mating parts (cylinder head cover, cylinder head, fuel pump - cylinder block, cylinder block - pan, etc.) or deformation of the sealing gaskets;

2) failure in the operation of parts of the crank mechanism; wear of piston rings, pistons or cylinders; occurrence of piston rings in the piston grooves; piston ring failures; damage to valve seals; increased wear of valve stems or guide bushings. The listed defects occur due to prolonged operation of the engine with overheating. The oil easily enters the combustion chamber and, already half-burnt, is thrown out of the muffler. In order to correctly assess the malfunction based on emissions from the muffler, we remind you that blue exhaust smoke occurs when oil enters the combustion chamber, black smoke occurs when the mixture is rich, and white smoke occurs when coolant enters the combustion chamber. Spark plugs are also not ignored; more and more often they have to be removed and burned.

You should not worry when filmy oil stains appear in certain areas of the engine. This is not criminal. It’s another matter when oil clearly tends to penetrate through leaks in connections and, mixing with dust, contaminate the surface of the engine. Places of possible oil penetration have been well studied.

If dirt periodically forms along the contact contour of the timing cover with the cylinder head, either the gasket, or insufficient uneven tightening, or the gasket protruding from under the cover flange is to blame.

The approach to the front of the engine is inconvenient, and oily dirt tends to accumulate there. The reason is a loosening of the camshaft drive cover. The heads of the bolts securing the cover fit a 10 mm wrench, and if you artificially lengthen the key shaft, tightening the cover fastening will not be difficult.

If, after opening the hood, you increasingly find oil stains around the oil filler neck, you should thoroughly rinse the filler cap in gasoline. Oil seals are usually the culprit for oil penetration and contamination of the front and rear of the engine in the crankshaft area. Here we need to realistically assess the situation. If only a small surface directly near the crankshaft pulley and crankcase cover is oiled, then there is no reason to replace the oil seals.

Dealing with all types of oil leaks is unpleasant, but not that difficult, if only because it is clear where it is leaking from. It is more difficult when the reason is unclear. If you suspect that the parts of the crank mechanism are faulty, you need to contact a specialist.

So, when the muffler emits blue smoke, the reason is clear. The engine will need to be disassembled and, very likely, a number of parts will need to be replaced. But it happens that everything is fine with the exhaust gases, there are no traces of oil leaks, but the oil still disappears. The reason will become clear if one or more engine cylinders periodically refuse to operate. Remove the spark plug or spark plugs from these cylinders and you will see that they are splattered with oil. The rubber oil deflector cap 10 () failed to function, and oil was allowed to enter the combustion chamber.

The cap costs a penny, and the work to replace it costs more than 25 rubles. Naturally, experienced car enthusiasts solve this problem on their own, although to solve the problem it is necessary preparatory work for dismantling parts that interfere with access to the caps, and manufacturing the corresponding equipment and, above all, the device shown in Fig. 49.

The operation must be performed with an assistant in the following order:

using a starting handle or a special key for turning the crankshaft of a car engine and turn the crankshaft at such an angle that the piston in the cylinder under test reaches top dead center;
Given that the chain or belt is free from tension, it is necessary to artificially roll the gear along the chain. This work must be performed by an assistant;
Using the tool (see Fig. 49), remove the valve springs. To hold the valve in place, an assistant must use a long screwdriver or a metal rod with a diameter of 9-10 mm and a length of 300 mm to hold the valve, acting through the spark plug hole. To prevent all sorts of accidents, it is advisable to cover the device (its working part) and the spring being removed with a rag at the time of dismantling the valve;
Using two screwdrivers, pry the lower edge of the cap and remove it. When performing this work, you must be careful, since one unsuccessful movement with a screwdriver and the thin-walled part of the valve guide bushing is deformed and it is necessary to remove the cylinder head to replace the bushing;
press on a new cap using a mandrel and a tube of suitable diameter. The main thing is that the cap sits in its place without distortion, since a new one, but installed with a distortion, will not be able to keep oil from penetrating the spark plug.

Having completed the work of replacing the cap, it is necessary to install all the previously dismantled parts, and then carry out adjustment operations similar to those performed after replacing the engine camshaft.

It can occur for both serious and non-critical reasons. The first category includes the following possible malfunctions - wear of the piston oil rings, clogged breather, wear of oil-reflecting caps, leakage through the gasket or seals, and some others. The simple ones include: the wrong oil is filled, the oil filter is leaking, or leaking through the valve cover.

Also, do not forget that every internal combustion engine has such a concept as “natural waste”. That is, the oil naturally evaporates during engine operation (this is especially true for). Therefore, it is necessary to regularly monitor the oil level and periodically add it.

What is normal oil waste

Before looking for the reason for the high oil consumption and the need for constant periodic topping up, it is worth understanding what value of waste is considered normal. And only then figure out why the engine began to consume oil.

Additives that reduce oil consumption

If oil consumption is high, it is necessary to repair the engine or replace the oil caps, but if the oil consumption is insignificant, special additives will help. To reduce the amount of engine oil "waste" use Hi-Gear OIL Treatment, Liqui Moly Oil Additiv or

The oil burn rate depends on the type and condition of the engine. Let's start the review with atmospheric gasoline engines . For new engines, the oil burn rate is about 5...25 grams per thousand kilometers, that is, approximately 0.005%...0.025% per 100 liters of fuel burned. Occasionally you can find models in which a similar value is up to 30...40 grams (for example, V6 or V8 engines). As for normally worn engines, their natural consumption is considered to be 0.025%...0.1% per 100 liters. That is, about 25...100 grams per 1000 kilometers. If the gasoline engine is very worn, then the value increases to 0.4%...0.6% per 100 liters, that is, 400...600 grams. The critical level is considered to be 0.8%, that is, 800 grams per 100 liters of gasoline. This engine needs it!

Now a little about turbocharged gasoline engines. If the engine is new, then it will consume about 80 grams per 100 liters of fuel (conditionally per 1000 kilometers). As for worn-out units, the critical value is 2 liters of oil per 100 liters of fuel.

Concerning diesel engines, then their waste consumption will be higher than that of atmospheric gasoline ones. So, it is believed that the norm is about 30...50 grams of oil per 100 liters of fuel. The critical value is 2 liters per hundred liters of diesel fuel. In this case, urgent repairs are necessary. Delaying it can lead to irreversible consequences.

Reasons for the increase in lubricant waste in the engine

There are two main reasons why waste is increasing:

Incorrectly selected or simply low-quality (fake) oil. It is necessary to fill the engine with oil with the viscosity and tolerances recommended by the car manufacturer. And try not to buy oils from dubious brands and untrustworthy retail outlets.
Harsh engine operation. In particular, frequent operation at high speeds. At the same time, its temperature rises significantly, and more oil is needed for lubrication and cooling. Remember that more oil is consumed in the cold season. This is due to the peculiarities of crankcase ventilation. Therefore, to reduce waste, try to warm up the car at idle in winter!

Some engines “eat” oil due to their design. These, for example, include the N52 engine from BMW, installed on many models of this German automaker.

A decrease in oil level occurs for two reasons - due to waste and leakage (high consumption). So if the oil is selected correctly and the driving mode is moderate, then with a working engine there should not be excessive consumption. But when, under the same conditions, the lubrication decreases, it makes sense to search for the cause of the malfunction.

Causes of high engine oil consumption and methods for eliminating them

Let’s conditionally divide the reasons why oil consumption increases into complex ones (the repair of which is difficult and expensive in monetary terms) and simple ones. It makes sense to start diagnostics with simple ones (if there are corresponding “symptoms”).

Simple faults

Oil filter failure. This is a very common and common reason that the engine has high oil consumption. The breakdown can affect cars with both gasoline and diesel engines. The malfunction can be indirectly diagnosed by the oil slick that regularly forms under the bottom of the car (only during diagnostics is it important to determine that it is engine oil and not transmission oil). The reasons for this situation may be:

the filter housing is loosely screwed (or not screwed at all);
rupture of the filter housing (for example, if it was defective or it was simply of low quality);
The sealing gasket has leaked.

There is only one way out - replacing the old filter and adding fresh oil. If necessary, you can clean the oil system.

Valve lid

Valve gasket wear. It may simply age from time or sudden temperature changes. As a rule, smudges are visible at bolted joints.

To solve this problem, you can try tightening the bolts to increase the pressure (preferably using a torque wrench). But it is best to completely replace the valve cover gasket.

Worn pan gasket. Here the situation is similar to the previous one. The engine oil pan gasket can be seen if you lift the car on a lift or work from the inspection hole. Its material becomes tanned over time and it loses elasticity. The way out of the situation is similar - either try to tighten the mounting bolts or completely replace the gasket.

Oil viscosity mismatch. In particular, if an engine is designed to use low-viscosity oils, and a more viscous oil is poured into it, then its piston rings become unable to completely clear the lubricant from the cylinder walls. And this leads to the situation already described, when oil enters the combustion chamber and its increased consumption appears. However, such reasoning is valid for engines of modern designs. For older power units, as their mileage increases, it makes sense, on the contrary, to use a more viscous oil. Anyway, Follow the car manufacturer's recommendations and fill the engine with the engine oil it requires!

Mobil offers its customers Mobil 1 synthetic oil with a viscosity of 10W-60, intended for engines with significant mileage, in particular, more than 150 thousand kilometers.

High crankcase gas pressure. The indicated pressure usually increases with significant wear of the engine and the elements of its cylinder-piston group. Therefore, it is necessary to diagnose the condition of the engine, the geometry of the cylinders, the condition of their coating, and so on. The first thing to do is check the crankcase gas valve (cover). If it is faulty, it needs to be repaired or replaced. And also clean the crankcase gas filter (if provided).

Typically, faulty crankcase ventilation causes increased oil loss (high carbon formation), decreased compression, deterioration of fuel combustion, and decreased oil life (its rapid contamination). After eliminating the malfunction, you need to flush the crankcase ventilation system.

If the machine is equipped with a turbine, then an increase in pressure may be caused by its failure. It is not difficult to diagnose; usually in such cases its oil seal or bearings fail. To repair, you need to perform the specified elements. In the most critical cases, the entire turbine is replaced.

Complex reasons

Now let’s move on to more complex reasons why the engine “eats” oil. Usually this is a partial failure of the main engine parts. They are fraught with complex repairs, including major ones.

Wear of oil seals. The job of these small oil seals is to remove oil from the valve body. Due to their natural wear and tear (or due to constant sharp temperature changes, but less often), they lose their elasticity and cannot cope with their tasks. The grease remains on the valves and burns, depositing a thick layer of carbon deposits. Because of this, a situation arises when the car consumes oil.

In this case, the repair is not very complicated, but you will have to disassemble the engine a little in order to replace them.

Wear of piston oil rings. This is usually expressed in their significant overheating and/or mechanical wear. The main function of these parts is to prevent engine oil from entering the combustion chambers. However, during their work, they constantly rub against the cylinder walls, naturally wearing out. When wear reaches a critical value, the rings fail to do their job and some of the oil burns along with the fuel. Such a breakdown can be indirectly diagnosed by a change in the color of the exhaust gases and a change in their odor; the smell of burnt oil is added to it. Usually this comes out of the exhaust pipe. Ring wear can also occur due to a decrease in coolant level. Because of this, the engine gets very hot and the rings, as car enthusiasts say, “stick.”

Often, when oil gets into the combustion chamber, black carbon deposits appear on the electrodes on the spark plugs.

Repair in this case is quite expensive, both in terms of the amount of work and in monetary terms. To do this, you need to disassemble the engine and replace the oil rings.

But there may also be a less expensive reason - coking of the rings and oil drainage channels. THIS situation occurs if the engine has been running for a long time on bad (or unsuitable) oil. In this case, increased engine oil consumption is guaranteed, but it can be solved much more simply - with a special liquid.

Damage to the engine cylinder walls. This reason is due to natural wear and tear of the cylinder block. Most often found in engines with high mileage (old cars). In this case, oil enters the combustion chamber due to the fact that the rings (even if they are working) do not fit tightly to the walls of the cylinder block. Oil seeps into these cracks. Similar to the previous point, in this case blue smoke will come out of the exhaust pipe. The amount of oil “eaten” depends on the degree of wear of the cylinder walls.

Repair in this case is also quite expensive. In the best case, it will be necessary to bore the block, returning the cylinders to the correct geometric shape.

Some engines (for example, the already mentioned N52) experience warping of the cylinder block due to overheating. This is typical for engines in which the block is made entirely of aluminum, and the walls of the working cylinders are coated with Nikasil or Alusil.

Cylinder head gasket failure. A leak in the cylinder head gasket can lead to many malfunctions and breakdowns, including a situation where the engine eats up oil. In this case, there may be two reasons. The first is that the cylinder head or the gasket itself is defective, that is, their geometry is broken, and oil begins to leak somewhere. However, this option is unlikely, especially on foreign cars, and even just new cars. The second option is that the engine is very worn out, and.

There are two ways to diagnose the problem. The first is to perform a visual inspection of the block to look for oil leaks from the mounting location (from under the bolt) and around the entire perimeter of the gasket. The second is to check the condition of the coolant. If it breaks, it will have oil stains. In some cases, a white emulsion appears.

What to do in this situation? Everything is quite simple (and inexpensive) - you need to replace the cylinder head gasket. Please note that the replacement must be carried out according to a certain algorithm, observing the sequence of tightening the bolts, and also observing the tightening torque. To do this, it is advisable to use a torque wrench, and also have information about the value of the applied force for each bolt.

Oil seals

Failure of crankshaft and/or camshaft oil seals. As you know, the initial part of the crankshaft extends to the front of the engine. There is a special oil seal, which over time, due to temperature changes (especially severe frosts) or due to mechanical damage, can become leaky and leak. Also, the reason why oil is being consumed may be an incorrectly selected lubricant. That is, oil or additives poured into it can corrode the oil seal over time and/or squeeze it out under significant pressure. The situation is quite unpleasant and difficult to diagnose.

The other crankshaft oil seal (rear) is also not easy to check. In most models of modern cars (and it doesn’t matter whether they have a manual or automatic transmission), the opposite end of the crankshaft enters the gearbox, so it is not visually visible. You can indirectly guess about this situation by the regularly appearing puddle of oil under the place where the crankshaft enters the gearbox. If a puddle appears regularly, then you need to go to a service station or dismantle the gearbox yourself and carry out the appropriate diagnostics and repairs. This is very labor-intensive, but does not cost very much money.

The situation is similar with the camshaft, with the only pleasant exception that it does not have a rear oil seal, and changing the front one is not very difficult. The diagnostic problem is aggravated by the fact that oil leaks in this case are hidden by the timing belt cover. But usually in such situations the oil leaks right up to the crankcase protection. If there are oil stains there, you need to carry out an appropriate inspection.

Please note that if the camshaft oil seal fails, a situation may arise where the timing belt may fly off, and this in turn will lead to bent valves and, as a result, expensive repairs. Therefore, it is better not to delay diagnostics!

In addition to these obvious reasons, there may be some indirect ones, which one way or another entail increased consumption of lubricant. These include: an over-rich mixture or a dirty air filter. because they create additional load on the engine.

Why does diesel consume oil?

Diesel engines can also burn oil. In addition to the reasons listed above (which are relevant for both gasoline and diesel engines), diesel engines have one special one. In particular, significant wear of high-pressure pump parts. As a rule, they are lubricated and cooled using a common oil system. Due to worn parts and/or gaskets, engine oil can enter the engine combustion chamber.

Indirect signs of such a breakdown, in addition to an increase in the amount of oil consumed, is the appearance of thick black exhaust smoke (similar to blue smoke in gasoline engines).

The presence of oil in the exhaust gases (both gasoline and diesel engines) can be detected using a sheet of clean paper, which must be attached to the outlet (cut) of the exhaust pipe. If there is oil, then its droplets will remain on the paper and will be clearly visible.

A few words about turbines

Engines with turbochargers have their own operating specifics, which can result in excessive oil consumption. Thus, old turbines were cooled by the engine lubrication system. Accordingly, if the turbine breaks during operation (bearings break), it can transfer oil from the engine through the bearings. Moreover, depending on how broken the turbine is, oil consumption can be quite large, up to 1...3 liters per 10 thousand kilometers.

Also, partial failure of the turbocharger can lead to an increase in crankcase gas pressure. And this in turn leads to oil entering the cylinders directly into the fuel injection through the crankcase ventilation system. In this case, it is necessary to inspect the turbine, repair it, and, if necessary, replace it.

Excessive oil consumption on new cars

Engines that have just come off the production line or that have undergone a major overhaul do not yet have all the rubbing parts in perfect alignment. Because of this, for the first few hundred kilometers the engine operates in break-in mode, when there may be microscopic gaps between the parts. It is through them that oil leakage is possible. The situation will return to normal when the parts are worn in and the engine can be used at full power.

Do not forget that When running in, you need to drive in a gentle mode, and do not give the engine heavy loads (including high speeds).

Finally

In conclusion, I would like to note that monitoring the oil level in the engine is not only the direct responsibility of the car owner, but also a guarantee that the engine will operate for a long time and in normal mode. Use the oil (with viscosity and tolerances) recommended by the machine manufacturer. And remember that if the car begins to “eat” oil heavily, then constantly adding lubricant will not solve the problem at the root, it is only a temporary measure that can only worsen the situation. When a problem is identified, it is necessary diagnose the machine as quickly as possible in search of possible reasons engine oil leaks, and accordingly, carry out repair work.

Then you have to add oil, you should spend time and determine the oil consumption:

Carefully pour oil exactly to the upper mark;

After 500 or 1000 km, use a measuring device to add oil and determine the consumption per 1000 km.

Some oil inevitably burns out during engine operation. Run-in engines consume about 0.2 liters per 1000 km. Oil consumption depends on the following circumstances.

Overfilling oil leads to increased oil consumption, since crankcase ventilation causes excess oil to enter the engine cylinders.

Low viscosity oil burns faster than high viscosity oil. Seasonal oil when hot becomes liquid like water, all-season oil remains more viscous. This quality, in particular, can reduce oil consumption when traveling over long distances.

Motor oil, especially all-season oil, which remains in the engine for a long time, needs to be changed more often.

Active driving style, in addition to increased fuel consumption, also leads to increased oil consumption. This is especially true when the new engine immediately receives full load.

During the break-in period, the engine needs more lubrication.

Oil leaks can occur in the following places:

Crankshaft and camshaft gaskets (these places are covered with a casing);

Gaskets on the cylinder head cover;

Cylinder head gasket;

Oil pressure sensor;

Oil filter gasket;

Oil pan gasket;

Rear crankshaft seal (oil appears at the junction of the engine and gearbox);

In places where engine components are worn, for example, due to defective valve stem seals, too much clearance between the valve stem and guide, incorrectly installed piston rings (if they were replaced), due to a defective or scuffed cylinder wall.

Frequent checks show that the engine is using little or no oil.

For short trips to winter time The oil level may not decrease at all or even increase. An increase in oil level means that it contains fuel or condensate. This oil noticeably loses its lubricating properties, so it is recommended to make regular long trips to “evaporate” the condensation. Check the oil level immediately afterward, as it may drop significantly due to evaporation of fuel or water! For intensive city use without long trips in between, you should select the appropriate oil change interval. The appropriate interval can be determined experimentally while operating the vehicle.

automn.ru

VAZ 2106 | Engine oil consumption | Zhiguli

Motor oil performs the primary lubrication and cooling functions inside the engine and plays an important role in keeping the engine in good operating condition.

It is normal to consume some amount of engine oil during normal engine operation. The following are the reasons for oil consumption during normal engine operation.

– Oil is used to lubricate pistons, piston rings and cylinders. A thin film of oil remains on the cylinder wall as the piston moves down the cylinder. The high negative pressure generated when the vehicle decelerates draws some of this oil into the combustion chamber. This oil, as well as some of the oil film remaining on the cylinder wall, is burned due to the high temperature of the exhaust gases during the combustion process.

– Oil is also used to lubricate the intake valve stems. A certain amount of this oil is sucked into the combustion chamber along with the intake air and burns along with the fuel. High exhaust temperatures also burn the oil used to lubricate the exhaust valve stems.

The amount of engine oil consumed depends on the viscosity of the oil, the quality of the oil and the driving conditions of the vehicle.

Driving at high speeds and frequently accelerating and decelerating consumes more oil.

A new engine consumes more oil because its pistons, piston rings and cylinder walls have not yet been ground in.

When estimating oil consumption, keep in mind that the oil may be diluted, making it difficult to accurately estimate its true level.

For example, if the car is used for frequent short trips and consumes a normal amount of oil, the dipstick may not show any drop in oil level even after driving 1000 km or more. This occurs because the oil is gradually diluted by fuel or moisture, making it appear as if the oil level has not changed.

The diluent ingredients evaporate when the vehicle is driven at high speeds, such as on the freeway, resulting in excessive oil consumption after high-speed driving.

One of the most important parts of proper vehicle maintenance is maintaining the engine oil at an optimal level so that the performance of the engine oil does not deteriorate. Therefore, it is very important to check the oil level regularly. Toyota recommends checking the oil level every time you refuel your vehicle.

automn.ru

Reasons for increased engine oil consumption

The problem of increased oil consumption very often worries owners of those cars whose mileage is already quite high after purchase or major repairs. But even on new cars, the engine often begins to consume oil beyond measure. To understand the reason for this, first let's look at a little theory on the matter.

For domestically produced cars, such as the VAZ 2106-07, or later models 2109-2110, the permissible oil consumption during engine operation is 500 ml per 1000 km. Of course, this is the maximum, but still, such consumption is clearly not worth considering as normal. In a good, serviceable engine, from replacement to oil change, many owners do not add a single gram. This is an excellent indicator.

So, below is a list of reasons why a car engine begins to eat oil too quickly and in large quantities. I would like to immediately note that this list is not complete and is based on personal experience many experienced owners and specialists.

Increased wear of the piston group: compression and oil rings, as well as the cylinders themselves. The gap between the parts becomes larger, and therefore oil begins to enter the combustion chamber in relatively small quantities, after which it burns along with gasoline. With such symptoms, you can usually notice either heavy oil deposits or a black coating on the exhaust pipe. A major overhaul of the engine, replacement of piston group parts and boring of cylinders if necessary will help eliminate this problem.
The second case, which is also quite common, is wear of the valve stem seals. These caps fit onto the valve from the top side of the cylinder head and prevent oil from entering the combustion chamber. If the caps become leaky, the consumption will correspondingly increase and the only solution to this problem will be to replace the valve stem seals.
There are times when everything seems to be fine with the engine, and the caps have been changed, but the oil continues to fly away into the pipe. Then it's worth paying Special attention on the valve guides. Ideally, the valve should not dangle in the bushing and the gap should be minimal. If the play is felt by hand, and especially strong, then it is necessary to urgently change these same bushings. They are pressed into the cylinder head and it is not always possible to do this at home, although most succeed.
Oil leakage through oil seals and gaskets in the engine. If you are sure that everything is fine with the engine, and cannot understand why the oil is leaking, you should pay attention to all the gaskets, especially the pan. And also check the seals to see if they are leaking. If damage is found, the parts must be replaced with new ones.
It is also worth keeping in mind that your driving style directly affects how and how much oil your engine will consume. If you are used to a quiet ride, then you should not have any problems with this. But if, on the contrary, you squeeze everything out of your car that it is capable of, constantly operate it at high speeds, then you should not be surprised at the increased oil consumption.

These were the main points that are worth considering if you suspect that your internal combustion engine's appetite for fuel and lubricants has increased. If you had a different experience, you can leave your comments below on the article.

zarulemvaz.ru

2.13 Oil consumption

Oil consumption

Some of the engine oil, while performing its functions, burns out. Thus, oil consumption is a completely natural process. Well-tuned engines consume 0.2 liters of oil per 1000 km. Audi calls the maximum allowable consumption 1.0 liters of lubricant per 1000 km. How much oil your Audi A4 consumes depends on the following circumstances:

excess oil leads to greater oil consumption, because excess oil is blown into the engine through the crankcase ventilation;
liquid oil burns faster than thick. When seasonal oil is heated, it becomes liquid like water, and its consumption increases accordingly. All-season oil stays thick; this entails lower consumption - this is especially noticeable on long trips;
Multi-grade oil that remains in the engine for too long dilutes slightly, losing its highest viscosity grade, and the need for its addition increases accordingly.
Abrupt driving at high engine speeds, in addition to increasing fuel consumption, also increases oil consumption. This is especially noticeable when the new engine immediately starts working at full load.
During break-in, the engine needs a little more lubrication than usual.
leakage. Check everything as described in the Engines chapter.
defect in the engine itself; for example, defective valve stem gaskets, too large a gap between the valve guide and the valve stem, defective piston rings or their incorrect installation during repairs, damage to the cylinder wall due to wear or scuffing of the piston.

Lack of oil consumption is suspicious

In winter, when driving short distances, it happens that the oil level does not decrease from measurement to measurement, but even increases. There is no reason for joy here, since this means that the engine oil has been diluted by fuel or water condensate. These “additives,” which significantly worsen the lubricating qualities of the oil, must be “boiled down” by regular long driving so that the condensate evaporates. Then you need to immediately measure the oil level, since after evaporating the gasoline or water that got into the oil, its level will drop sharply! When driving exclusively in extreme city driving without intermediate long-distance trips, it is recommended to change the oil more often than at the intervals indicated above, for example every 3,000 km or every four months.