Complete project of an open terrace. Veranda attached to the house: do it yourself with step-by-step photo instructions

Very often, a country house does not have enough additional space for relaxation. You can complement the building with an additional living room, but a simpler option is to add a veranda. The dimensions of such a room and its appearance can be very diverse, which entails certain subtleties of the construction process.

Features of the room

The planned construction of a residential building usually does not include a veranda, so this object often has to be added as needed. If the house is small in size, then it often does not have enough area for additional storage of things or solely for relaxation. As soon as the need arises to organize such a space, you need to think about how to attach it to a residential building.

The type of veranda can be different, first of all, it depends on the material from which it is made, which, in turn, depends on the construction of the house itself. For a brick building, it is better to make the same veranda, since an attached structure made of a different material will be less reliable. The structure of the extension must be either completely or partially closed, because the purpose of this new space must have some functions, and the more of them, the better.

When planning the location of the veranda, it is important to take into account the part of the house where it would be most appropriate to complement the building. This is usually the north side, where a real room is added to the house in which you can comfortably spend time at any time of the year. The veranda can replace a summer kitchen, in which you can cook and eat food in warm weather, and can serve as a resting place for the whole family, because in the summer you can hide from the sun and be in nature, opening all the windows as much as possible, and in spring and autumn it will be possible contemplation of the surrounding landscape without leaving home.

When the veranda is assigned the role of a gym or hobby room, it is best to place it facing the garden, so that the view of trees, flowers and bright greenery inspires achievements. When the extension serves as the entrance to the house, it is organized opposite the gate in order to maximize the convenience of entering the living space.

As soon as the idea for a building has finally matured in your head, you need to build it on paper and get down to business. The process ahead is not the most difficult, but if planned and executed incorrectly, the result can be very disappointing. For a permanent veranda mandatory element there will be a foundation on which an additional structure is attached to the house. Dimensions can be different, it all depends on the size of the house and the purpose of the new room. If the house is large, then you can add a gazebo to any length of the finished wall; as for the width, it is almost always two meters.

The dimensions of the veranda should not be made very large, because this is an unheated room, and a large cold room will make it cool in the house itself. It is optimal to make it half the size of the existing wall if the house is large. If it is small, then it is quite appropriate to add a full room to the width of the house and to the required length, which the yard land allows.

Selection of materials

To build a good veranda, you first need to decide on the materials from which it will be built. You need to pay attention to every stage of work to achieve a good result. For a brick house, it is best to build a veranda out of brick, because it is easier to connect similar materials together and create a strong and reliable structure. For this type of work, it is important to make a foundation, because the building will have considerable weight and over time the soil will begin to sag and cracks will appear on the walls. It is important to make a sufficiently strong foundation by filling the trench with cement or making supports and placing the finished structure on them.

It is important to make the floor from timber so that it is durable and powerful, then the coating will last a long time and will not cause any problems. You can put boards on the timber itself and make a simple wooden floor, or use any other covering suitable for a veranda: laminate, linoleum, ceramic tiles. The walls are built of brick, and their height can be very different. The higher they are, the warmer the room will be, and the lower they are, the more light they can let in. You can practically do without them by using polycarbonate walls instead.

A fully glazed veranda will be appropriate if it is made of high-quality double-glazed windows, where all the seams are hermetically sealed and no gusts of wind penetrate inside. In this case, it will be pleasant to be on the veranda at any time of the year, because the picture of the surrounding world will be as close as possible and any family member can please themselves with it.

It is best to add the same wooden veranda to a wooden house, because as soon as the wooden extension looks logical in the overall interior of the room, it will be much easier to work with materials of the same type. In this case, a foundation is not needed. A frame base for the floor and walls is created, which are then sheathed with selected materials. A veranda decorated with patterns of carved wood or original arrangement of materials during work will look beautiful. The window frame for this type of structure may be plastic, but glass can better convey the color, although there will be a risk of small drafts. Wooden verandas will be less capital than brick ones, but you can choose a different purpose for them and make full use of the new additional space.

In each of the options it is necessary to make a roof. The lighter it is, the easier it is to install, and the less weight it will put on the structure itself. Having made the frame, it is necessary to sheathe it with either corrugated sheets or metal tiles. It is better to choose the color of the coating to match the covering of the roof of the house or as close as possible to it, so that everything together looks like one whole, and not disparate objects that have been artificially connected together.

Constructions

As soon as the plan for building a veranda has matured, it is necessary to begin planning each stage of the work. The first point will be to determine the place where it is most logical to locate the new premises.

The veranda can be:

• angular;
• end;
• façade

Once the first task has been resolved, you need to decide on the degree of enclosure of the veranda.

There are only two possible options:

• closed;
• open.

If only a closed type of building is planned, it will have windows that can be opened for ventilation, and an open type of building is already a terrace. In a closed building, you can provide sliding elements that will help open up the space as much as possible, which will make the room combined.

If the veranda is planned at the stage of building a house, then its design can have several options:

• built-in;
• attached type.

You can build in a veranda during the construction of the house itself, and add it on after the completion of the main process or even many years after that. Based on the fact that the design may differ, even greater variety can be seen in the forms of the veranda that can be built:

• rectangular structures;
• round and semicircular buildings;
• a polygonal extension, most often containing six corners.

When choosing one of the options, it is worth remembering that the veranda should not only serve as a kind of room, it should also beautifully complement the house, decorate it and become its highlight.

While all the paperwork is going on, there is time to sort out the veranda designs and choose the most suitable one for a particular house. It is important to initially decide whether it will be a full-fledged room, a warm veranda or an ordinary light building. For private houses where people live all year round, a winter veranda is much preferable, because it can be considered a living space. An exclusively summer building will be used only in the warm season, which reduces its versatility.

The arrangement of each room will depend on many factors. If the veranda is insulated and closed, then you can place a sofa, armchairs in it and use it as a living room. In the case of an open veranda, it is better to place wicker furniture on it, which will not be damaged by precipitation and which can be easily removed if not needed.

Having chosen a closed type of veranda for construction, sometimes it becomes necessary to build an additional open building. A gazebo would be a good option for those who like to sit outdoors. Its dimensions can be very small and, if desired, it can even be moved from place to place. If you do not want to build a large number of buildings, then it is best to make a combined veranda, which will be completely covered, with windows, walls, but with sliding elements.

The design of the veranda can be angular, if it is not possible to place it along one of the walls, or L-shaped, if there is a desire to combine an open and closed structure under one roof. The roof of the main extension must be solid and fully protected from all the vagaries of nature. For a gazebo, it will be enough to make a canopy that will partially protect from the sun and rain, but the main function of the extension will be performed in the warm and dry season.

Playing with the square

Depending on the dimensions of the house itself, the dimensions of the veranda will differ. The internal content of any space will be dictated not only by its size, but also by the functional purpose for which it was built. The average dimensions of a comfortable veranda are 170 by 400 cm, but there are also small options, the length of which will be about two meters.

When there are unlimited possibilities for the construction of additional buildings, their size will depend on what is supposed to be done in the room. If the veranda is planned as a gathering place for family and friends, as a place for summer celebrations and cozy gatherings in the evening, then it is very important to build a room with sufficient dimensions. It should easily accommodate a table and a sofa, you can arrange a mini bar, and in some cases even provide a barbecue. Thus, the optimal area of ​​such a room will be 25 m2, and the length of one wall should not be less than five meters.

When only a few people live in a country house and there is no need to make large additional rooms, the veranda can be made so that you can easily place a comfortable chair and a coffee table there, so that you can enjoy nature alone or in the company of one or two people. The dimensions of such a room can be half as large.

The area of ​​the veranda also depends on the type of construction. If it is a rectangular room, then most often the length ranges from four to six meters, and the width from three to four. A square will have all its walls the same length. This option is rarely used across the entire width of the house; most often it is a side extension small dimensions. For lovers of unusual shapes, you can build a veranda in the form of a semicircle or triangle.

Based on the choice of the type of building, materials for the frame, walls, glazing, floor and roof are selected. Each construction option requires its own type of roof. For narrow verandas, a pitched roof is suitable, for square and rectangular ones - a gable roof, and for original buildings, the roof can have an unusual appearance, which will fully correspond to the style of the building.

If the plot of land on which the house stands has unusual dimensions and it is very difficult to build a veranda near the house, you can make this room in the form of a separate building that shares a common passage with the house. Usually it is made in the form of a glass corridor, but combined compositions can also be used. In this case, it is possible to create a large veranda of an original shape. It can be a circle or a polyhedron, and the distinguishing feature will be an almost complete overview of the area around it. The size of such a structure can be any, the main thing is to fit it harmoniously into the existing territory, so as not to spoil it and give you the opportunity to enjoy it every day.

Interior design

The appearance of the veranda is important, because it must fit into the overall concept of the exterior and be in harmony with it, but a much more important point is interior design of this room. The use of various materials will depend primarily on two factors - the size of the room and its location relative to the cardinal points. If the building is small, it needs to be filled with light as much as possible, the same applies to their location in those parts of the house where little sunlight reaches.

If the veranda is large, spacious and bright, this makes it possible to experiment with materials, shapes and even textures, especially in the case of a closed type of building. It is important to decorate not only the walls, floor and ceiling, but also to use specially selected furniture.

Another important factor that significantly influences the choice of building materials and furniture to be used is the heating system. It is important to design the unheated area in such a way that the material lasts as long and firmly as possible and there is no need to make repairs to this room every year. The finishing of all walls must be of high quality. When working on a veranda, you cannot save money, otherwise all the work done inside the room will soon come to naught.

Each element of the veranda must be functional, beautiful and resistant to various external influences. The floor is an important element in the arrangement of the extension; it can be sheathed using ordinary boards, but such a covering will be cold in winter. It is best to use insulation, on which an additional layer of chipboard or fiberboard is placed on top. You can finish the floors with laminate or tiles.

If we talk about walls, then for wooden buildings It is best to upholster them from the inside with clapboard, which has a pleasant color and texture and creates an imitation of a real wooden house. Working with this material is quite simple, it is reliable and durable, which means the interior decoration will last for many years. If desired, it can be painted in any color; this will add freshness to the interior and additionally protect the wood from damage.

You can also hem the ceiling in the veranda using various materials. The cheapest would be a fiberboard sheet, the multifunctional would be plasterboard, the most beautiful would be a suspended ceiling. Sheathing with fiberboard sheets looks simplest, but it can be stylishly decorated using foam tiles that are glued directly to the existing surface. It is important that the roof itself, its outer covering and interior decoration are made of high-quality and lightweight materials so that there is no strong pressure on the foundation.

For the same reasons, the walls of the veranda itself can be made not of brick, but of foam blocks. They have less weight and the structure can be erected in a shorter time due to its significant dimensions. This material can be covered if the blocks do not have a very presentable appearance, or left untouched if during construction it was possible to achieve smooth and beautiful seams, and the foam blocks themselves have not been used before and have an ideal appearance.

As for the interior itself, it is not difficult to arrange it.

The most common styles for this are:

• oriental theme;
• ecostyle;
• Scandinavian motifs;
• Provence;
• country music and similar genres.

Arranging a veranda in any of these options has one thing in common - these are natural materials that should be used in the decoration and furnishing of the room.

To add warmth, coziness and comfort, there are a number of items that will be appropriate in any style:

• decorative pillows for the sofa and armchairs;
• beautiful tablecloths on the table, the use of embroidery, ornaments, interesting designs;
• for certain styles it would be appropriate to use chair covers;
• to give a romantic effect to the interior, you can add candles on decorative candlesticks;
• the use of paintings and photographs will create a complete look.

By erecting a veranda in a private house, you can turn it into a functional, full-fledged room where it will be dry, warm, light and comfortable. In addition to the recreation area, you can use such a room as an office, living room, kitchen with dining room, greenhouse and even a children's room. Having everything necessary tools and materials, without violating the construction technology, you can make a full-fledged room, which will become a real personal space for someone or a public property and a place of relaxation.

Landscape design

When arranging the territory of a country house, it is necessary to think about both the construction of housing, a veranda, and other outbuildings, if they are needed, but also pay attention to green spaces, which play a very important role. If you are setting up an area at your dacha, then in addition to the vegetable garden, orchard and vineyard itself, it is important to create an area with flower beds, decorative trees, alpine slides. These elements are traditionally placed in the place where it is most convenient to contemplate man-made beauty.

If the house has a veranda, then it is necessary to not only tidy up the outside soil, but also create a miniature garden that will look interesting and please the eye. Exotic lovers can place a rock garden on the site, and those who prefer to relax with the sound of water should organize a fountain or similar structure where it will constantly circulate.

The trees along the edges of the decorated area can be large enough to separate the recreation area from the garden or yard. It is important to use a variety of plants that will create a symbiosis of shapes, colors and sizes, but they must be positioned correctly and beautifully.

If the area outside the veranda has a slope, then this disadvantage can be used in an interesting way. One option would be a ladder of different types of plants, which are planted at the same level, each of which is clearly separated by height. It will be very beautiful if a small pond or fountain is organized at the bottom of such steps. For an area that is very small in size, it is possible to artificially create uneven soil. Gullies and hillocks will visually make the space larger and make it possible to use more green spaces of different types.

If the landscape is being developed for a long time, then it is important to do it correctly, providing drainage system with wastewater discharged into a special sewer system. This stage is carried out very first, before new soil is brought in and plants are planted. When laying all the pipes is ready, you need to take care of a layer of drainage material. Once all the preparations are made, you can begin to add soil on which all the plants will be planted.

Usually behind beautiful landscapes there should be a fence separating the territory of the house from the neighbors or the street. This design often spoils the appearance and overall impression of nature, so it is recommended to hide it behind a hedge, which is most often made from coniferous trees that grow quickly and have a beautiful appearance. Another important element is the lawn, which can have different appearances depending on its purpose. If children or pets will play on it, then you need to buy tougher grass, but in the case of a purely decorative effect, you can plant elite varieties that are distinguished by their refined structure and pleasant color, but require more attention and care.

As for trees, they are planted only a little, because they grow quickly and attract all the attention. If you plant only a few plantings, then you need to choose those species that will have a beautiful and interesting appearance all year round. These are thujas, maples, walnuts, chestnuts, oaks, spruces and other options. If the area near the veranda has a large area, then the composition will have a main emphasis in the middle in the form of tall group plantings and smaller ones near it. Hedges are also very popular.

If it is possible to form paths in the area being decorated, then they can also be lined with shrubs on both sides. It will be beautiful if these plants are trimmed regularly, which will give an even greater decorative effect to the landscape. If we talk about a flower garden, it is important to plant flowers in it so that some blooming ones replace others, and this process begins in early spring and lasts until late autumn. In addition, it is advisable to plant them by color, so that there are no options nearby that are identical in tone and each new species delights with an interesting and unusual shade.

The final touch to the design landscape design The territory of a country house with a veranda will be equipped with lighting. In the evening, while on the veranda, it is very pleasant to look at nature in the rays of the setting sun or under artificial lighting. If there is none, then all the beauty outside the window will disappear with the last rays and nothing will be visible until the morning. With the help of small lamps, flashlights and light bulbs, you can illuminate the area a little, placing them so as to highlight the most beautiful specimens. You can install lighting near the water, making the area even more beautiful and mysterious and being able to admire it at any time of the day or night.

Beautiful examples for inspiration

Having a country house, it is important to make sure that everything in it is beautiful and functional. This also applies to the veranda. In this space you can organize any room, using additional elements. A veranda with a fireplace or stove will have a cozy and warm look. During the cold season, these devices will help warm the air in the room. If the veranda is not used during the cold season, then it does not need to be heated. In a private house, it would be appropriate to organize a veranda with a barbecue so that at the first opportunity you can make delicious barbecue or other dishes on the fire.

The construction of a low-rise house is typical for a suburban area, although two-story ones are also found. As for the veranda itself, it is classified as a one-story room, which can be fully or partially residential, depending on the type of building.

A veranda in a country house can be made of double-glazed windows and look like a completely transparent structure, which adds lightness to it and does not clutter up the space.

If a private house does not have enough area in which you can gather the whole family or arrange a meeting with guests, then the veranda will be an excellent solution to this problem. To do this, you need to equip it as a living room with kitchen elements. It is important that the interior is warm, but has country motifs in the form of wicker furniture and wooden table with a bench.

If a veranda is built with the aim of creating personal space and the opportunity to be alone with oneself, then for such a room it is important to use comfortable upholstered furniture, place a coffee table nearby, placing it all in front of large glass windows that open a full panorama of the entire area, which was carefully prepared specifically for these goals. This is a budget option, but it is the one that is best suited for a good rest.

A spacious and cozy veranda, or, as it is fashionable to say today, a terrace, is a great place for both secluded relaxation and fun, stormy parties with friends in the warm season. Well designed veranda with original design can immediately become a real decoration of the facade of any private home. Of course, it is best to include the construction of a veranda in the main house construction project. But don’t be upset if you didn’t do this prudently, because this type of room can be added at any time.

In this article we will tell you how to attach a veranda to your house with your own hands, consider options for a polycarbonate veranda, as well as an open veranda, and provide photo and video instructions.

Location

As a rule, a veranda is placed in front of the main facade, but it is not forbidden to place it in front of the side facade, if necessary. It is important that the veranda is clearly visible from the gate (the main entrance to the courtyard) and has a passage to the rooms of the house.

The determining role in calculating the length of the veranda is played by the length of the facade of the house along which it will be built. With the width, everything is much simpler; it is usually about two and a half meters.

Before starting construction, do not forget to prepare the workplace, i.e. clean the area, dismantle the porch and canopy over the entrance.

Foundation

For a frame or wooden veranda, a columnar foundation is well suited, i.e. foundation with the installation of brick masonry pillars under the corner posts.

For a lightweight, small-sized veranda, posts placed in the corners will be sufficient, but for a larger extension, intermediate posts with additional posts (50cm increments) should be installed.

Sequence of work on building the foundation:

1. First, holes are dug at least one meter deep.
2. The bottom of each of the pits is filled in layers: first, 20 cm of sand is poured, and then 10 cm of gravel.
3. Poured concrete base(approximately 15 cm) and allow some time for the concrete to set.
4. Brick pillars are laid out. Their above-ground part is brought to the height of the main foundation or slightly lower. The height of the brick foundation pillars is usually made 30 cm below the finished floor level.
5. Each finished post should be coated with hot bitumen.
6. The cavities of the pillars are filled with brick fragments or fine gravel.
7. The gaps between the pillars and the ground are filled with sand.

Frame

The frame of the veranda is usually made of wooden beams, the cross-sectional size of which is 120x80 or 100x200. For the same purposes, logs (diameter ≤ 12 cm) are sometimes used.

They usually begin to build a wooden frame from the bottom frame (preferably double). Connections between beams should be made using a direct lock. At the level of the second log, logs and vertical posts with spikes (50x50) are cut into the frame. The entire structure is fastened with nails, and for greater reliability, staples are used.

The most correct distance between the supporting posts is considered to be 50 cm, but, as practice shows, this value can be greater.

The roof truss system and the top trim are installed on racks. The racks can be either solid wooden beams or two boards connected (section 120x40) with a spacer between them. To fasten the rafters, use a horizontal beam passing under the slope of the roof of the house. The beam and racks should be fastened anchor bolts. During the installation of the veranda frame, make sure that the veranda roof being erected fits well with the roof of the house.

Roof

Undoubtedly, the roof of the veranda should be a continuation of the roof of the house. It is recommended that it be made from the same roofing material, but other types can also be used. The roofing material is attached to the wooden sheathing. The sheathing is installed either at intervals or closely (depending on the type of roof).

• The boards are fastened closely when using rolled material. When attaching the flooring to the rafters, the nail heads should be recessed into the wooden surface (they should under no circumstances protrude). The rolled material is secured at the edges with nails, and for additional fixation, slats are nailed to the coating. The protruding edges of the roll should be folded inward and secured with nails.
• If steel roofing material is used for the roof, it is attached to the sheathing with nails and joined with a “seam” seam.
• Asbestos cement sheets are installed with an overlap. In this case, the top sheets overlap the bottom sheets by at least 14 cm. They are fastened into pre-drilled holes with nails or screws.

Floors and walls

Usually the floor is made of wood using wooden boards, pre-coated with an antiseptic.

The veranda can be left open, or you can erect walls, constructing them from wooden panels or clapboards. In the second option, do not forget to take care of the windows.

You should not over-insulate the walls of the veranda, because it is considered a summer recreation room.

After the floor, frame and roof of the veranda have been made, you can begin sheathing the structure with polycarbonate. So, you will have a bright and light veranda where you can have fun during the warm season.

Polycarbonate is a translucent material made from polyesters of carbonic acid. It is produced in the form of cellular or monolithic panels. Cellular polycarbonate has cavities between the stiffening ribs that connect two sheets to each other. They often replace glass when arranging verandas. This is due to a number of positive properties of the material.

Although polycarbonate appeared on the construction market not so long ago, it is very popular among consumers. Why? The reason for this is the unique properties of the material, which has no analogues on the market today:

• High strength. These figures for polycarbonate are 20 times higher than for glass. If polycarbonate is damaged, it will not crumble into small fragments like glass, but will break into fragments that do not have sharp corners. Thus, the risk of injury from polycarbonate is minimal.
• High light transmittance – reaches 86%. Due to the fact that part of the light is scattered, polycarbonate creates protection from direct sunlight. Partially absorbs ultraviolet radiation.
• Polymer panels are flexible, making it possible to design curved shapes. Polycarbonate can be bent without special equipment, right at the installation site.
• The temperature range is from –40 to +120ºС. And this means that polycarbonate is not afraid of either the scorching sun or severe frosts.

If you don't have much experience in construction, then don't worry. You can master and implement this technology. Initially, you should make a foundation and secure the frame elements in it. After the concrete has completely hardened, you can begin making the frame. How to make a foundation and frame from wood has already been described in the article.

In this case, a thin-walled galvanized sigma profile will be used to make a metal frame. Features of frame installation:

1. Performance welding work will not be needed, since all connections will be made using bolts. To do this you will need an adjustable wrench.
2. The main fastening of beams is anchors laid in the base of the foundation. If they have not been installed, you will have to drill holes in the foundation and drive check bolts into them, and then secure the beams.
3. Sigma profiles are fastened with standard shaped products.

If you made the frame from rolled steel, then it needs to be treated with a primer and then painted with metal paint. This way you will protect the frame from corrosion.

Now you need to cut the polycarbonate to fit it to the required size. This can be done with an electric jigsaw. It is important to take into account that the sheets must be pressed tightly to the surface.

If you cut polycarbonate too quickly with a jigsaw, it will begin to melt, and if this work is done too slowly, the material will burst.

To create a temperature play during the assembly of polycarbonate sheets, it is necessary to ensure that the screws are not clamped all the way. In addition, when installing polycarbonate, gaskets must be placed under the washers. This will protect the material from damage and leaks. The holes in the polycarbonate should be slightly larger than the diameter of the legs of the screws. So, with temperature changes, polycarbonate will contract and expand without deforming.

The roof is installed according to the scheme already described in this article. If you wish, you can also make it from polycarbonate. In this case, your building will be very light. Polycarbonate is laid on the roof according to the same principle as on the walls.

An open veranda is a frame building without walls, and the roof is mounted on beams. This design has a number of advantages and disadvantages.

Among the undeniable advantages of an open veranda, it is worth noting the following:

• Easy to install. Its construction requires a minimum of materials and time. It is not difficult to erect it.
• Easy care. Such a veranda is more of a part of the street than of a house. Therefore, to keep it clean, it is enough to sweep the floor regularly.
• An open veranda will allow you to enjoy the view and breathe clean air while on it.

Like all man-made works, open-type construction also has disadvantages:

• Not suitable for use in the cold season.
• It is impossible to install upholstered furniture on an open veranda, since it will be impossible to care for it, and, therefore, staying here will be deprived of a certain home comfort.
• It may be difficult to choose finishing materials, since they will be subject to negative environmental influences.

The open veranda is not glazed and no walls are erected on it. It is often used as a gazebo. It is built using a frame method.

For construction you will need:

1. Concrete pillars for the foundation.
2. Beam for the frame with a section of 150×150 mm.
3. Cement and sand.
4. Beam for strengthening the frame with a section of 120 × 120 mm.
5. Bracket for connecting timber.
6. Lathing for the lower part of the veranda. This can be OSB, forging or slats in the form of slabs or balusters.
7. Wood screws 100 mm and 25 mm for fastening OSB or wooden lining.
8. Wooden lining.
9. Beams for roof installation 150×150 mm.
10. Anchors 150–200 mm.
11. Krokva 60×120 mm.
12. Roofing material, for example, metal tiles or ondulin.
13. Boards for making roof sheathing.
14. Logs 100×100 mm.
15. Wind board.
16. Floor board 30–40 mm.
17. Paint and varnish products for wood processing.
18. Rolled waterproofing for foundations.
19. Drill and saw.
20. Level.

You have already become familiar with the method of making a foundation, so we will skip this point in our description of the construction of an open-type building. Let’s immediately move on to the features of flooring.

To carry out high-quality installation of the floor, you must first prepare the base. To do this, first of all, the earth is leveled and compacted. Adjustable supports can serve as supports for the joists. Moreover, their number will directly depend on the planned loads on the floor. This idea is great for open verandas.

Then install the joists on the adjustable supports and fasten them. Thanks to these supports, you can adjust the slope of the floor and level it. Installation of boards begins from the edge of the veranda parallel to the joists. The boards must be level and dry. They should be placed closely. The boards are fastened to the joists using nails or wood screws.

Wooden floors are short-lived, as they cannot withstand prolonged exposure to aggressive external environment. If you want to make a more durable floor on the veranda, then you can replace the boards with decking or, as it is also called, deck board.

The structure of the frame and roof does not differ from the technology described in this article.

In order for the wooden elements of an open veranda to last longer, they should be impregnated with special antiseptics and covered with paints and varnishes. Among other things, these actions will highlight the structure of the tree and help make the extension more attractive.

The lower part of the veranda also needs finishing. To do this, you can use slats that are fixed at an angle of 45º, forged elements or balusters. If you use a wooden or plastic lining for this, then you will need to make a frame of beams under it.

To finish the ceiling and pediment you need to use the same material. This can be wooden lining or OSB boards. At this stage, it is important to run electrical cables for lighting the veranda and make corresponding holes in the ceiling lining.

Veranda in high-tech style

This article is intended to help the reader understand the construction of a terrace for a house. Projects, photos and useful tips on construction will also be given in this material. We will also show you 2 large master classes on how to build a terrace with your own hands by the pool and at home.

The material is divided into 4 chapters:

• the first deals with the properties decking boards as a material and a table is provided for various types of foundation;
• the second shows a detailed master class on building a terrace at the dacha by the pool;
• in the third, the design of a terrace for a house with a pile foundation was analyzed;
• the fourth provides useful tips on improving your outdoor deck, designing on slopes, and caring for the material.

For convenience, you can use navigation, which will immediately take you to the desired item. Also, if you are interested in providing), we recommend that you go to the corresponding article. There you will find 2 large master classes on this topic!

How to design a terrace for a house – photos and recommendations

The word terrace comes from the French word terrasse, which means platform. Typically, an open terrace to a house (projects and photos below) is a platform on a foundation that is covered with a special board. On such a platform you can place sun loungers, moisture-resistant sofas and armchairs, as well as other household utensils. In a word, it turns out to be a wonderful area for relaxing in the open sun.

When drawing up a project, you need to start with the location of the terrace in a private house. Most often, it is located on one side towards the house, creating a convenient exit area. Also, the terrace is often made as a platform for the pool, protected from the ground and other dirt.

In addition, you need to decide on the following factors:

• type of foundation;
• coating material;
• the presence of handrails;
• the need for a roof.

There are no special standards regarding the size of the terrace for a summer residence - everything can be done completely individually. In some cases, the limiting factor is the characteristics of the materials and foundation - for example, a columnar foundation with a large area becomes quite expensive, and the piping for it decreases in strength.

When choosing the shape of the future terrace, you can be completely free in your imagination - for example, you can make a structure in the form of a trapezoid with a wide side towards the house, the narrow side of which will go out into the yard through the steps.

Terrace board

Before making a terrace for the house (projects and photos will follow), you should understand its main component. The most suitable material for covering is a special board. It is easy to use, gives a pleasant natural appearance and does not require special care. In addition, its structure is extremely resistant to various external conditions and aggressive environments, and its shape allows for ventilation without the use of additional means - special grooves on the lower surface and the hollow structure do an excellent job of this.

Designer roof for an open terrace attached to the house - photo design idea

Which is better to buy a decking board

When choosing between varieties, you need to fully understand the requirements of your area.

Speaking of location, for an outdoor terrace attached to the house (photo above) next to the pool, polymer and charred boards are ideal options, since both are resistant to moisture. For other options, the location doesn’t really matter.

In terms of cost, the cheapest is a burnt board made from inexpensive species and a regular board made from common wood. The next one is polymer, and its price depends on the properties. The most expensive are the valuable wood species.

Types of decking boards

Terrace design in a country house (photo)

At the moment, you can find decking boards on the market:

• made from natural solid wood;
• from wood that has undergone heat treatment;
• made of wood with the addition of polymer fibers, also called wood-polymer composite.

	Decking from natural wood is a board that is pressed in a special shape from individual granules of various woods. They are given a special shape with ventilation and shock-absorbing gaps that preserve the surface from impact, and with the help of a press they are given the structure of natural wood.
	Another option for creating an all-wood decking is to grind and glue solid boards, however, this option is very expensive and requires extremely careful care.
	The heat-treated wood covering is a regular board with additional firing. This makes it possible to achieve a more durable surface layer, but makes it impossible to remove the coating without severely damaging the appearance and unique properties for subsequent painting.
	A board with polymer materials is a combined material - polymer fibers provide waterproofness and stability, and wood retains its ability to “breathe”. It is the most modern and durable option for flooring on a wooden terrace near the house.

Regardless of the types of boards, all of them can be given any appearance - this is achieved using polymer compounds and lamination. If you want to change the appearance of the coating, you do not have to completely change it to a new one - just sand the old coating and repaint it in the color you want. This is impossible with only a burnt board.

Physical characteristics of different varieties

This table shows the comparative characteristics of three types of decking. Comparisons are conditional and created only for an approximate assessment of the characteristics of the three types and may have completely different indicators from different manufacturers.

Decking board type/parameter	Moisture absorption	Durability	Seasonal and weather board expansion	Possibility of secondary coating
Natural	High	Low	Up to 1-3mm per 1000mm, depending on the type of wood	Eat
Heat treated	Average	Average	Up to 1-2mm per 1000mm, depending on the processing depth	Not in all cases
Polymer	Low	High	Up to 1mm per 1000mm	No

As can be seen from the table, in terms of characteristics, terrace boards with the addition of polymers in the structure are superior, but the not always natural appearance and the partial impossibility of re-coating make it not entirely practical. It is used mainly for open structures. You can read more about this in our other article about.

Heat-treated coatings are distinguished by the depth of firing - the deeper it is, the less expansion of the board and its water resistance will be. Unfortunately, this imposes certain restrictions on re-coating - the fired layer may begin to crumble when trying to remove it.

Features of choosing a foundation for an open terrace attached to a house - photo and table

When choosing a foundation for a terrace near a house or by a pool, you need to carefully consider the following factors:

1. Surface slope. Affects the required amount of material to create a level foundation. If the terrace is made on a cliff or strong slope, then complete concreting will take a lot of cement and sand.
2. Location. Affects the need for additional water drainage to the boards. If we are building a pool terrace, we should give preference to a fully poured concrete foundation.
3. The soil. Acts as a support for the foundation. Too sandy soil can play a bad joke on a pile foundation, which will eventually lead to the destruction of a terrace in a country house or country house.

Before building a terrace, read the table below. We have provided brief tips on where to use the foundation.

Type of foundation	Place of use
Strip foundation without full filling	This foundation is perfect for a terrace next to the house, without a pool. Deck boards will require additional sealing to keep moisture out. Not picky about soil
Complete concrete pour	Ideal for areas near swimming pools. When creating, it is necessary to make a tilt of 1-1.5 degrees to drain excess moisture and water.
Pillar foundation for terrace	Suitable for building terraces next to the house. It is not picky about the type of soil and is quite durable. Requires a small amount of material, however, additional protection from moisture under the board is required.
	Piles for the terrace make it possible to level out large surface distortions, allowing you to create open structures even on cliffs and steep slopes. Demanding on soil strength and water content.
Terrace on screw piles	This type of pile is equipped with additional screw blades, which allow you to place the piles even in loose soil. Installation requires special equipment.

Do-it-yourself outdoor pool terrace installation technology

This chapter discusses a terrace for a house with your own hands (project and photo below), a detailed description of the preparation of the work site with the procedure is given. You can build your site solely according to our recommendations or add new elements, for example.

Preparatory stage

The foundation of this terrace near the house will be a fully poured concrete floor with a slope of 1.5 percent, on which logs made of a thick metal profile will be placed. A wood-polymer deck board with laminate fastenings using clamps will be laid on top, and along the edges everything will be sheathed with MDF boards to match the main floor.

Based on this, we need:

• terrace board;
• metal profile 6mm thick, 50x25mm;
• fittings, diameter 15mm;
• wooden MDF panels to match the color of the board;
• cement and sand, or sand concrete;
• gravel;
• boards for formwork;
• corner made of composite material;
• clamps;
• screws from of stainless steel, 40mm.

The foundation will be laid out of a cement-sand mixture with the addition of gravel for strength. In addition to the ditch, it is necessary to erect formwork to a height of 500 mm, which will serve as the main basis for the foundation.

Metal logs from metal profiles will be erected on it, which will be secured using metal pieces of reinforcement fixed in the concrete.

The decking board was selected specifically for the pool - the polymer-wood structure perfectly withstands moisture and is easy to clean with conventional cleaning products. An MDF board was also purchased to match its tone in order to sheathe the foundation around the perimeter and obtain a finished structure.

From the tool you will need:

• Concrete mixer;
• Putty knife;
• Welding machine;
• Hammer;
• Screwdriver;
• Miter or circular saw.

In general, if you don’t have a concrete mixer, you can get by with a regular bucket, however, complete pouring will take much longer and may be uneven. The hammer drill can also be replaced with a conventional drill, and the miter saw with a hacksaw, but the work process and its quality will clearly not be up to par.

You definitely shouldn't give up on a screwdriver - even a cheap screwdriver will help you speed up the process and make the job much more enjoyable.

Terrace dimensions

The height of the foundation and terrace will be equal to the height of the edge of the pool - this is important for the ease of use of the latter. The foundation will be raised taking into account the thickness of the board, metal profile and alignment with reinforcement.

Foundation for the terrace

To prepare the foundation for an open terrace attached to the house (photo below), strip supports are made by the pool with your own hands, which will subsequently be connected by filling the rest of the space with concrete. To save and raise the remaining area, you can use soil, sand or gravel. The main thing is that during pouring this material did not sag and strong holes and drops did not form in the field.

1. The process begins with preparing the moat. The ditch is dug to a depth of 300-400mm - in this case it is not important to observe the freezing depth, since the foundation will not be connected in any way to the rest of the house and low surface temperatures under the foundation are not dangerous.
   

   To save on concrete, you can put old concrete blocks- they will merge into a single foundation, helping to save time on work.

2. The formwork erected around the ditch is made of even boards. It is erected with a height equal to the height of the future foundation - 500mm. To erect the formwork, it is necessary to knock down the boards using separate pegs that are driven into the ground or supported by spacers, level them and secure them to each other. Additionally, you can place supports inside and nail boards on top.
   

   In order to get excellent drainage under the decking board, it is necessary to make a skew of 1-1.5 degrees. To do this, we make one of the sides lower by 20-40mm, which allows us to obtain the desired slope.

3. The entire remaining area is adjusted to a level of 400-420mm, after which it is filled with concrete. For strength, reinforced mesh is added, or old unnecessary scrap metal is added - bed nets, springs from old mattresses, etc.

After all this, we get a foundation ready for finishing. You can proceed to further construction of the terrace to the house with your own hands (project and photos are attached).

Installation of metal joists

In this terrace, metal logs will play the role of support and ventilation for the board. They must be leveled relative to the level, since the desired slope has already been obtained using the foundation layer.

Calculation of the distance between the lags should be carried out taking into account the dimensions of the board. In this work, decking with a maximum length of 2000 mm was used. The distance between individual lags should not be more than 500mm; the end and beginning of the board must be along the lag.

From these calculations, it can be obtained that the most optimal distance for the logs will be 400 mm - this way, the recommendation regarding the maximum distance between the logs is observed and the coincidence of the end and beginning is taken into account.

First you need to lay out all the logs at a distance of 400mm. They will be directed from the house to the pool, and a terrace board will be laid across them. After this, using lag segments, they rise to one level, which must be compared between two adjacent lags.

After this, a hole 60-70mm deep is drilled next to the wall. A piece of reinforcement is inserted into it, which is welded to the already leveled joist. The excess piece is cut off using a grinder or a hacksaw. When cutting, it is necessary that pieces of reinforcement do not stick out above the joist.

Since a bevel has been made, it is necessary to ensure that the level is maintained relative to it - the further the joist is from the house, the higher it must be raised to obtain an even position.

If there is no slope on the foundation, then it is better to make it using logs, and make additional drainage in the foundation. Otherwise, the water will not drain and puddles will form, and an active process of wood rotting will begin under the boards, which will destroy your terrace.

After securing all the joists for the deck frame, you need to paint them with corrosion-resistant paint, which provides an additional protective layer for both the metal and the decking.

How to lay decking boards

This terrace for the house (project and photo below) has a tongue-and-groove system and is laid in the same way as laminate flooring. The process begins from the edge from the wall of the house. At this stage, it is important to maintain the indentation laid on the expansion of the wood. The indentation depends on its qualities. Since at 1000mm this board can “breathe” up to 1mm, it is necessary to make an indentation of 5-7mm, which will be enough for expansion.

It is better to maintain the indentation with the help of planks or other supports. Otherwise, you risk losing it while working.

	After laying the first board for the future wooden terrace with your own hands, attach the second one, following one line after the first. After laying one strip, laying the next one begins. It should be taken into account that decking is not demanding in terms of forming a geometric layout - the boards can go exactly one after another, firmly secured with clamps.
	To install the board more tightly, you need to tap it in the desired direction with a rubber mallet or fist. Between the boards it is necessary to maintain a gap of several millimeters. It is convenient to do this with a piece of plastic or a special support.
	After leveling, clamps are attached and screwed into the logs, which are attached using stainless steel metal screws.
	Clamps allow you to maintain the required gap between adjacent boards due to special scallops. After fixing the board, the piece of plastic can be removed.
	Due to the level raised by the logs, excellent ventilation shafts are obtained, which will serve to drain water that gets onto the boards and extend the life of the decking due to the circulation of air flows.
	After securing all the boards for a wooden deck, you need to sheathe the foundation walls. This is done using dowels that are driven into the wall. A polymer corner is used to protect the end part.
	The corner is simply screwed on with self-tapping screws. To avoid deformation during expansion, you can attach the corner only from the side of the terrace board, however, in this case it must be placed extremely tightly to the vertical side of the foundation.
	After finishing the work, we will receive a smooth and durable terrace that we made with our own hands. She does not need constant additional care. It will be much more pleasant to go down into the pool than on a concrete floor or linoleum.

How to remove dirt from decking boards

You can wash such a wooden terrace with ordinary detergents that are suitable for washing ordinary floors and tiles. If you have a high-pressure car wash, you can do this with a powerful jet of water.

According to the manufacturer's information, this board can easily withstand a pressure of 80 kPa with a jet distance from the decking of 20 centimeters.

If dyes or complex contaminants come into contact with the board, you should use regular detergents immediately after contamination. In this case, you can avoid damage to the surface and maintain the impeccable appearance of the terrace.

If you are careful enough and do not stain the coating, then rain can handle washing the terrace. However, in spring and winter, it is advisable to remove snowdrifts, but this must be done carefully - with a shovel you can easily scratch the coating and ruin its appearance.

Pool terrace installation video

In this video you can see more details about the step-by-step construction of a terrace from Holzhow boards with your own hands.

We build an open terrace for the house with our own hands (project and photo)

This chapter will show an example of the construction of an open terrace attached to a house (photo and project attached) on stilts. A complete procedure for building a foundation, tying and laying boards on it is given.

This terrace is installed on stilts in the ground with a layer of gravel. Afterwards, using boards, a strapping is made, onto which the board is secured using plastic clamps.

Preparatory stage

To add a terrace on stilts to a house using basic materials we will need:

• Piles with blades for screwing in;
• Boards, 50x100mm;
• Terrace board.

Piles with similar blades are very easy to install - they are simply screwed into the ground, providing a solid foundation due to the depth of immersion and the large blades on the piles.

The strapping is made from ordinary boards treated with antimicrobial impregnation. The type of wood is not important, however, the board used in the work must be dried and leveled - otherwise the decking will not come out smooth.

The board was selected with an anti-slip wood-composite coating. It is most resistant to various types of damage and is very easy to clean. For the entire installation you will need wood screws, plastic clamps and special corners for piles.

To work you will need:

• Miter or circular saw;
• Screwdriver;
• Crossbars for driving piles;
• Mallet;
• Wrenches and hex keys;
• Laser level.

You can do without a circular saw, but, most likely, the cuts may not be completely straight and will ruin the appearance of the board. The laser level can be replaced with a regular one, however, with piles such inaccuracy may not work out in the best way, so it is worth checking the level between each individual pair of piles.

Let's move on to the step-by-step construction of a terrace for a house on stilts - photo instructions below.

Base installation

	This type of piles is screwed into the ground using regular and double crossbars. They are placed at a distance of 1500 mm from each other, with the obligatory location of the outermost piles at the corners and sides of the terrace. Before starting work, it is necessary to mark the location of their placement and break through the top layer of gravel. This is done using a regular crowbar. The hole should be equal to the width of the blade on the pile - this will allow you to start driving the pile into the ground without any problems.
	After this, you need to start screwing in the pile with your own hands. It is placed in a previously prepared hole.
	Screwing is carried out using a crossbar. If you don’t have one, you can get by with a regular direct mount, or any durable and suitable-sized fittings.
	After the pile is sufficiently strengthened in the ground, special handles are attached. They allow two people to screw in the pile, which greatly speeds up the work process and allows you to make the pile smoother.
	Either special beams or strong cuttings are inserted into them - in other words, you can use anything you can get your hands on, as long as the material can withstand pressure.
	When the pile is almost screwed in, you need to attach a laser level ruler to the pile and check how much it is screwed in. For convenience, you need to gradually tighten a couple of piles at once, which will help you determine the desired level. This method is also necessary when using a regular water level.

Wooden harness

	After all the piles are installed, you can begin to screw metal corners onto them to assemble the wooden frame. For this type of piles, the corners are tightened using wrenches.
	After screwing all the corners to the piles, you need to align them with the strapping. To do this, a log is installed between the parallel piles, and the corners themselves are screwed in using a hex key.
	It is better to screw them in gradually in all corners - this way they will come out smoother and there will be no problems with strengthening. After this, you need to start fixing the logs. This is done using self-tapping screws through holes in the corners.
	The corners are additionally secured using corner fasteners, which allow the joists to be aligned relative to each other and will give you an extremely even frame that has a very nice appearance. To avoid mistakes, it would be a good idea to check the lag using a level before tightening. This will allow you to adjust the height of the pile and the position of the corner in time, which will protect you from mistakes. The logs are attached to the house using wall fasteners. A clamp can be an assistant in this task.
	Since there are two different types of wall coverings for fastening, we screw an additional board next to the porch, onto which the trim joist is already placed using special metal fasteners in the form of cut tapes.
	Depending on the wall material, studs may be required, but in this home the trim and walls allowed the use of regular screws. After the main framing frame is ready, it must be supplemented with lags that will run across the direction of the decking board.
	In this case, the distance between the logs does not matter - the decking goes from the porch of the house to the fence itself, and the size of the material allows you to use whole boards without cutting them into separate pieces. We place the logs at a distance of 400mm from each other, and align the ends along the stretched thread. To save time, we place the next ones next to each other, overlapping the previous ones, trying on the size.
	After all the logs are placed and measured, they can be screwed in. We secure the ends with long self-tapping screws at an angle of 45 degrees, on both sides.
	We also fasten the overlapping areas to each other - this will give a very durable floor for the terrace that can withstand even great pressure.
	After all the strapping has been twisted, you can begin laying the decking boards with your own hands.

How to install a decking board

Installing a board for such an open terrace attached to a house (photo and project provided) in a country house is a real pleasure if you know some of the features of working with it.

1. The most important is the first board - it must be aligned with the joists and the house, otherwise all the others will slope to the side, ruining the geometry of the floor;
2. For any floor, even a composite-polymer one, it is necessary to leave gaps from all other surfaces - 1 mm for a 1000 mm WPC deck board;
3. When working, it is necessary to use clamps - they will allow you to create equal gaps between the boards, creating an even geometry and protecting the coating from deformation due to the expansion of the wood.

	Since this veranda goes around the corner of the house, we fix the first board exactly along the wall to level the rest. We attach it to clamps on both sides.
	We place the next one on the harness, close it with the previous one and tap it with a rubberized mallet for greater compaction.
	After leveling the board and firmly connecting it with the previous one, screw in the next clamps. We twist them on each perpendicular joist.
	Once all the deck boards have been laid, the ends need to be protected. This is done using special latches that are inserted into the end of the board. They are available in different colors and textures, so you can choose the one that best suits your design.
	After this, we erect ladders and cover the vertical sides of the terrace from boards of the same texture and color.

Video of installation of a terrace near the house

In this video you can see all the details of this version of the terrace design and step-by-step work, from installing piles to installing deck boards.

How to make a staircase to the terrace

The terrace, as a raised surface, necessarily includes a staircase. An exception may be those cases when the terrace is built above a large slope and the only way to get to it is to enter through the back door of the house or the adjacent area.

The most logical method for creating steps is to repeat the method of building a foundation. In some cases, it is better to immediately lay the steps into the foundation to avoid unnecessary work in the future.

When adding a terrace to a house, it is necessary to calculate the height and number of steps. These indicators depend on individual preferences, but it is better to start from reasonable sizes. The approximate vertical size of the step should be 150-200mm. This will be enough for careful entry without injury or inconvenience.

The number of steps is calculated based on the height of the foundation and covering. The height of the terrace from the ground is divided into equal lengths within the adequate limits and determines the number of steps required. For example, if the height of the foundation is 600mm, you will need to add two steps 200mm high. The role of the third stage is played by the terrace itself.

At the moment, all stages can be divided into two subtypes:

• Concrete;
• Prefabricated using separate types of foundation - piles, pillars and others.

Project of a staircase to the terrace to the house - photo of the design

In the case of a concrete foundation, the most logical would be to create concrete steps to the terrace with subsequent finishing.

The steps are cast after the base layer has hardened. For this purpose, a separate formwork is assembled, which is equal to the height of a separate step. The mixture is poured inside the formwork and the reinforcement is laid.

The steps in this case are created according to the principle of a pyramid - the first step has the depth of all steps, and the next step has the depth of all steps, minus the depth of the individual element.

In order to finish the steps and not lose in height, it is necessary to include the thickness of the finishing in the overall height. For example, when finishing with a thickness of 50mm, a concrete casting with a height of 150mm is required, and so on.

When creating concrete steps, it is not necessary to finish them like wood - concrete can be polished, resulting in a wonderful combination of wood and stone materials.

Wrought iron and concrete steps

Prefabricated stairs to the terrace are made from individual elements, for example, a welded metal frame or wood. For the bottom step it is necessary to make a foundation. The simplest method of creating a foundation is to pour concrete columns or screw in piles.

Of course, you can make steps without a foundation, however, sometimes this can lead to subsidence and damage.

The calculation is the same as for concrete steps - height 150-200mm. Also, for safety reasons, it is better to make steps without gaps under horizontal surfaces - a foot can easily get caught in them, leading to a traumatic situation.

When choosing materials for stairs, it is better to give preference to more resistant wood species and durable metal profiles, since the steps are constantly under dynamic load. It is better to paint finished structures - this way they will better withstand the conditions of an aggressive environment and will last longer.

How to avoid mistakes when designing a terrace on a slope

Designing a deck on a hillside or on a cliff is a very important task because a mistake can not only result in wasting a large amount of money on restoration and elevation of the surface, but also lead to injury.

When designing a terrace on a site with a slope, you need to pay attention to the three most important factors.

1. Soil strength. It will show how deeply the foundation will need to be strengthened. Too soft soil can lead to divergence of foundation elements and destruction of the terrace. You can check the strength by test driving the piles - if, when immersed by 1000 mm, it does not deviate under your weight, then it can be considered conditionally strong.

   soil type	design soil resistance, kg/cm2	bearing capacity of the support, t, with the diameter of the base of the support, cm
   		2 5	40	50	60
   pebbles with clay	4,5	2,2	5,6	8,8	13,2
   gravel with clay	4,0	2,0	5,0	8,0	11,7
   coarse sand	6,0	2,9	7,5	11,6	18
   medium sand	5,0	2,5	6,3	10	14,7
   fine sand	4,0	2,0	5,0	8,0	11,3
   dusty sand	2,0	1,0	2,5	4,0	5,7
   sandy loam	3,5	1,7	4,4	6,9	10
   loam	3,5	1,7	4,4	6,9	10
   clay	6,0	2,9	7,5	11,8	17
   subsidence soil	1,5	0,7	1,9	2,8	4,2
   fill soil with compaction	1,5	0,7	1,9	2,8	4,2
   fill soil without compaction	1,0	0,5	1,3	2,0	2,8

2. Level of hydration and dilution. Plays a role when choosing materials for the foundation. Erosion in some cases quickly exposes the surface layer, leaving the foundation with less support, and a large amount of liquid leads to the active growth of bacteria inside various materials.
3. The depth of the various layers of the earth. When thoroughly strengthening the foundation, it is necessary to take into account the various layers of soil. If, when screwing in the pile, there is densely formed gravel or a layer of clay under the light sand, then the strengthening work will have to be extended at least twice.

It should also be taken into account that the pressure on the foundation increases with increasing terrace length in a quadratic progression. That is, the larger the terrace area, the stronger the foundation required.

The main feature if you want to make a terrace on a slope is a reinforced foundation, which does not allow the building to sag or move out of place.

When choosing a material, you should give preference to the most durable ones. Brick posts will be a great help, but lining up posts several meters high is quite risky. Among wooden piles, it is better to give preference to larch - when exposed to water, it “petrifies”, compacting its structure. We also recommend paying attention to the round profile pipes.

Choosing oil for decking boards

Oil is an excellent option for protecting a wooden deck for your home. It is not as short-lived as varnish, and at the same time it perfectly performs decorative and anti-slip functions.

Modern wood oils allow you to:

• saturate the wood and reduce moisture absorption;
• get rid of the slipperiness of the coating;
• emphasize the texture of wood and refresh the color;
• protect wood from cracking and damage from ultraviolet radiation.

The oil easily impregnates like a terrace board made of natural materials, and decking made of WPC, although the latter does not particularly require it - depending on the manufacturer, the number of wood components can be extremely low.

You should choose oil based on the type of decking board, and in the case of using solid wood boards, its species and characteristics.

1. Heat-treated decking requires a thinner oil that will better penetrate the pores - for example, a series of natural and synthetic oils without the addition of wax and other thickeners.
2. For a wood-polymer composite with a natural coating, oil with the addition of wax and anti-slip additives is perfect, which will remove excess shine and make the coating less slippery.
3. Natural wood, if possible, should be treated with oil with developing properties suitable for the type and with wax, which will protect the structure from damage. Special oil is necessary for larch - it is very poorly saturated with oils and wax, and it is better to apply this layer after the oil.

It is impossible to give exact recommendations regarding manufacturers - each oil has its own composition, affecting the board differently. To get reliable information, it is better to contact reviews or the manufacturer of your decking - such information can definitely tell you which oil is best to treat the decking board.

Terraces and verandas attached to the house are not only aesthetic, but also practical function, transforming the appearance and increasing the useful space of your country house. With proper design, a terrace or veranda quickly becomes a favorite vacation spot for the whole family. According to statistics, it is here, in a cozy circle of friends and relatives, that household members spend most of your free time. However, despite the similarity, with identical role functionality, these two buildings have certain differences.

Terraces and verandas for the house - what are the similarities and differences (photo)

Terrace attached to the house- is a site constructed most often without first pouring a foundation. A terrace is usually erected on the front side of the building, although some go further and build a summer extension along the entire perimeter of the house, which significantly decorates its external architectural appearance.

Terrace - may have railings on the outside or be completely open. To protect from precipitation, a canopy is built, which will also provide life-saving shade on hot sunny days.

Veranda attached to the house- is perceived as part of it and is a more monumental structure with a foundation, walls, roof, windows - preferably panoramic. If the construction of a veranda is carried out in parallel with the construction of a house, then the project includes a common foundation and roof, which creates a harmonious external image.

You can make a later extension to an already finished building, if such a need arises. Taking into account the design features, it is possible to install autonomous heating here, which will allow maintaining a comfortable temperature in the autumn-winter period.

As for walls and windows, the veranda, like the terrace, may also lack them, it all depends on the project you choose. Such a veranda is considered a summer one and is used for its intended purpose only during the warm season.

Original chairs made of natural rattan are a great way to add warmth and family comfort to the interior.

Beautiful house designs with a terrace and veranda attached to the house (photo)

When developing a project for a terrace or veranda (photos can be found on the Internet), you should immediately decide on its purpose. This will allow you to calculate the appropriate sizes and select. There are several options for using these buildings.

Summer living room

This arrangement idea suggests a desire to spend time together in a cozy room. Therefore, furniture is selected as comfortable as possible, preferably with soft upholstery. There is always a table in the center, around which the whole idea of ​​the rest of the interior is built.

It is appropriate to install plastic pieces of furniture on the terrace, complementing them with decorative pillows and blankets. Ensembles woven from wicker or artificial moisture-resistant rattan will fit perfectly.

An interesting idea is to place a decorative hearth with an open flame in the center of the table

Fireplace room

The space of the covered veranda will acquire respectability and a feeling of comfort if you install it electric fireplace in a luxurious portal with imitation of ancient tiles. Nearby there are cozy chairs on forged legs and a small coffee table.

On the open terrace with a roof, you can equip a wood-burning fireplace with a barbecue and barbecue grills. This ambience is complemented by a comfortable stable table and chairs.

Important! To prevent fire, the wall of the house where the fireplace is installed is protected by a fireproof finish.

A fireplace installed on an open veranda is not only a wonderful decorative element, but also an excellent source of heat that can warm you up in cold weather.

Dinner Zone

Lightweight plastic furniture will help create a cozy atmosphere if there is a need to gather for a meal on the terrace. You will need a sideboard and open shelves with dishes. Instead of a traditional table, you can make a bar counter by choosing chairs of the appropriate height.

If there is a canopy, a stove is installed with a heating surface for cooking food. Multifunctional models with grills, grates, and barbecues are popular.

Rest zone

Terraces and verandas attached to the house (projects and photos can be found in our article) are often equipped as a place to relax. Swing beds are installed here, cozy wicker chairs are hung, sofas, chairs, benches and other furniture are placed.

Many people enjoy spending time in a hammock, conveniently located in the center of the extension. A small coffee table, a carved shelf for books and pleasant little things will harmoniously complement the overall image.

Wicker rattan chairs are an invariable attribute of a modern summer extension to the house

In practice, all these functional roles are most often combined with the predominance of one direction and style. Let's talk more about them.

Stylish solution for the design of the extension

The selection of a style solution for a terrace and veranda attached to a house is most often based on the use of several elements that characterize a specific direction. The implementation of this principle allows you to give the interior a finished look even in a small space.

Eco style

Terraces and verandas in eco style always attract Special attention. The dominant requirement is the use of natural materials for both decoration and furniture.

The floor and ceiling are made of planks. When decorating the interior, brick is welcome. On the terrace it is often laid out in the form of fencing posts.

If you need to decorate the windows of the veranda, it is better to opt for linen curtains. This type of fabric harmonizes perfectly with eco-style, bringing home comfort and warmth to it.

Panoramic glazing is one of the main highlights of eco-style

Mediterranean style

The organic use of marine style is not necessarily associated with the location of housing, equipped with a terrace and veranda, on the shore of a lake or sea. An exquisite combination of white and blue colors on the facades of furniture and in the ornament of pillows on a chaise lounge brings a feeling of freshness.

Furniture must be white, while for floors and walls choose sand or beige color, which are considered universal.

Souvenirs brought from the sea are placed on the shelves. The decor will be decorated with frames covered with shells with photographs on the theme of relaxing by the water or reproductions of marine painters. You can place a blue and white striped rug near the entrance.

Baroque

A veranda attached to a house, having a sufficiently large area, can be made an object of admiration if it is filled with elements of exquisite baroque.

In surface finishing, preference is given to noble burgundy, balanced green, and mysterious chocolate color.

The lines of furniture items should be smooth. The most advantageous are white facades with a golden pattern. For the floor, select tiles with a pattern similar to aristocratic marble or timeless parquet.

Modern

Terraces and verandas in Art Nouveau style are a combination modern architecture with a cozy, homely atmosphere.

The modern look of the buildings is given by transparent walls made of laminated glass, which allows the space to be filled with natural light. Furniture is used in small quantities. The main criteria in its selection are strength, practicality, and convenience.

Wall flowerpots with hanging plants act as separate bright accents, giving the interior a special style and also bringing warmth to it.

Wood and stone are a classic solution when decorating a terrace and veranda for a house in the Art Nouveau style

If you properly prepare and treat the surface, the metal frame of the veranda looks no worse than a wooden one

Modern style

Modern trends tend to cut off unnecessary details, suggesting the creation of harmonious ensembles with minimal means.

The interior of a terrace and veranda in a modern style is comfort, functionality and conciseness. When designing, it is important to follow the following rules:

1. Decorative elements in the design are allowed in small quantities.
2. The finishing material is selected to be durable, such as stone, metal, solid wood. Imitation of the structures of these materials is allowed.
3. Furniture should be of high quality and have simple shapes.

Traditional (classical) style

Being a modern classic, the traditional style is based, even in conditions of limited terrace and veranda space, on symmetry and soft lines. The decor is used in the form of carved or forged patterns or elegant stucco molding. The atmosphere of aristocratic sophistication is perfectly emphasized by columns replacing supporting structures.

Palette selection— the predominant color scheme of surfaces is selected from an assortment of neutral noble shades - beige, gray, milky, cream. Muted green, burgundy, and chocolate colors are also used.

Main material- wood or skillful imitation of mahogany, walnut. An expensive Persian carpet is appropriate on the floor of the covered veranda. The windows are decorated with thick curtains with lambrequins and tassels. The chairs are covered with covers, and there are decorative pillows on the sofa.

Important! Traditional style does not accept strict geometry. Therefore, there are no sharp corners on the furniture, and the lines of the facades are wavy and smooth.

Drinking a cup of tea or having breakfast in the fresh air is a pleasure

Colonial style

Given the variety of elements related to the concept of colonial style, several varieties with an exotic flavor are used in the design of verandas.

This could be majestic stonework, wicker or wooden furniture, tall palm trees in tubs. Windows and doors are large.

All surfaces, including the floor, are decorated in a light color. The upholstery has a bright contrasting pattern with ethnic motifs; leather can be used.

Provence

Veranda in Provence style- attracts with cute and simple shapes. The predominant items of this elegant style are forged furniture supports, light floral patterns on textiles, and warm pastel shades.

To make relaxing on the terrace attached to the house as comfortable as possible, install a rocking chair with cozy decorative pillows or hang a hammock on it.

The veranda in Provence style will become your favorite corner, where everything is filled with warmth and romance.

Country

The project of decorating a terrace and veranda in a country style assumes the total dominance of wood over the rest of the material. Usually, artificially aged wide floorboards are used for upholstery of various surfaces.

Checkered curtains, openwork or embroidered napkins, tablecloths, and towels will add a sense of rustic originality. Rugs and homespun runners would be appropriate on the floor.

When starting to choose a style for a terrace attached to a house, it is appropriate to dwell on several of the most expressive decorative details that characterize this direction. This will be enough, since there should be a lot of free space on the terrace so that it does not look like a warehouse.

Features of building terraces and verandas with your own hands

Terrace and veranda lighting- an important point. Particularly, care is taken when installing lighting fixtures on an open terrace, given that it is exposed to precipitation.

When planning options for placing lamps, it should be ensured that in the evening steps and paths should be visible in parallel with the main area. In this case, the light should not be excessively bright and blinding.

An enclosed veranda allows the use of traditional ceiling lighting schemes with closed round or cylindrical lampshades placed parallel to the walls.

Terraces and verandas attached to the house should have good lighting, this will allow you to spend time in them comfortably even at night

When selecting material for a veranda, it is advisable to take into account the color scheme of the facade of the house and the material used in its construction. There is no need to repeat the entire texture of the facade and its decor, but the color harmony must be maintained.

The convenience of the terrace lies in the fact that it can be located not only below, but also on the level of the second floor of the house. In such a situation, the building is mounted on strong, reliable supports. There will be a fence around the entire perimeter, as well as a staircase with railings leading upstairs.

A two-story terrace allows you to expand the space. It can be equipped with different zones - a kitchen area below, and seating areas above.

It is advisable to make a canopy on the upper platform. The use of transparent materials for these purposes brings special charm.

Important! If you decide to leave the upper platform completely open, installing only protective barriers around the perimeter, then in the summer you can arrange a greenhouse here with cozy benches and a coffee table.

Smooth lines of the terrace design highlight its elegant style

So, let's summarize the above. Regardless of the style and design of the terrace and veranda attached to the house you choose, the main thing is that it is practical and comfortable.

Nowadays, house designs with a terrace on one or two levels, having a small canopy and a beautifully organized recreation area are very popular. The veranda to the house is usually built from the same material as the house itself. If you want to use it all year round, it must be well insulated and have central or autonomous heating.

By building a veranda, you can make your home more beautiful and unique, as well as expand its usable area. But how to build it? The easiest way is to add a veranda to the housing project before construction begins - in this case, it will have a common foundation with the house and will be stronger.

However, if such an opportunity was missed, do not be upset, since it is absolutely possible to attach a veranda to the house after its construction is completed - you just need to study the technology of work and learn all the subtleties of the process. How to build a veranda correctly?

Veranda design

The first stage of any construction is the creation of a project; This stage is also important when constructing such a relatively simple structure as a terrace. You can draw up a detailed construction plan yourself using various software. However, if you don't have special education, it is better to contact the design office for professional help.

Plan of walls and partitions of the first floor

Design can be divided into several separate stages.

Choosing a veranda type

A veranda attached to a house can have a very different look. All similar designs can be divided into two types:

You can choose any option - the main thing is that the terrace fits organically into the overall exterior of the house and becomes its logical continuation.

Thematic material:

The form of construction also varies. The simplest and most affordable option is a regular rectangular veranda. A rounded, curved design will be more complex. You can also add polygonal terraces to the house, running along one or several walls or even forming a whole belt around the entire house. It is not at all necessary to build a veranda near the front door, although this seems to be the most obvious solution.

Material selection

As a rule, the veranda is built from the same material from which the house is made: it is better to attach a veranda made of logs or timber to a brick building or a wooden house. However, you should not rely on design compliance alone. Another important criterion when working is how difficult the construction of the veranda will be.

It is the easiest thing to build - an object made from it can be easily processed, the material allows you to easily implement many design ideas. You can also simply and inexpensively create a structure from modern materials: WPC, PVC, polycarbonate. To attach a concrete or metal veranda to a house, you will most likely need the help of specialists in various fields.

Construction site analysis

One of the most important tasks when designing a terrace is studying the technical nuances and bringing the characteristics of the future building into line with the conditions of the area. Several factors will affect the quality and durability of the structure:

• soil type;
• the condition of the building wall to which the veranda is planned to be attached;
• climatic conditions in the region.

The maximum mass of the terrace, the complexity of the foundation, the need for insulation, and much more depend on these parameters.

Documents receiving

This point is very easy to lose sight of if all the work on building a terrace from start to finish is done independently. The veranda design and other technical documentation will help you obtain permission to change the design and technical certificate of the house. By law, construction approval is required by the following authorities:

1. local government;
2. fire safety authorities;
3. sanitary and epidemiological station.

It seems that since the built house and land are your property, you are free to do whatever you want with them - including adding a terrace. However, without all the permits and a documented project, the terrace will be legal side be an illegal extension to the house. This will make it impossible to sell the object, donate it, or exchange it; It will also be impossible to get a bank loan using the house as collateral.

Construction of the foundation

Once the project is completed and all permits have been obtained, the actual construction work can begin. And their first part is the construction of a high-quality and reliable foundation. How to do this part of the building correctly?

The main requirement is this: the base of a closed or open veranda attached to a private house must correspond in its technical characteristics to the foundation of the main building. First of all, its depth should be the same. If this requirement is not met, when the air temperature drops due to uneven deformation of materials, parts of the house will separate, and a gap will appear between the terrace and the wall.

Attaching a new foundation to an old one is done in different ways, depending on how long ago the house was built.

• A new house is usually in the process of shrinking, so a rigid connection will lead to the destruction of a less durable structure - most likely it will be a terrace. In this case, the veranda is built using the tongue-and-groove method - it will slide around the house as if on rails, and the difference in shrinkage rates will not harm the structure in any way.
• If the house has been standing for a long time and the shrinkage has completed, a rigid connection of the terrace to it is allowed. In this case, a gasket made of waterproofing material (for example, roofing felt) is used and the joint is treated with polyurethane foam.

It will not be possible to make the foundation unified if the terrace was not conceived at the design stage of the house, but nevertheless, you should try to combine the bases of the veranda and the house as efficiently as possible.

The type of foundation is selected depending on the design features of the terrace, primarily its mass, as well as the type of soil.

Formation of flooring

Whether the planned veranda is closed or its main attribute is complete openness, in any case the floor of the terrace must be durable, warm and protected from destruction.

Most often, even if the rest of the veranda is made of concrete or brick, the floor is made of wood. This is due to both the practical and aesthetic properties of this material:

• wood prevents heat from escaping into the ground;
• it is durable;
• wood is completely safe for health;
• such a floor practically does not require decorative treatment, since the material itself is very beautiful - you just need to cover it with a layer of varnish to protect it from damage.

The floor on the finished foundation is built in the following order.

All wooden elements of the veranda must be treated with antiseptic and antibacterial impregnations. This will protect the terrace floor from rotting, damage by fungi and other microorganisms, significantly extending its service life.

Walling

Walls, unlike the floor, are an optional attribute attached verandas. Instead of them, it is quite possible to build a regular one. The veranda may not have any fencing at all - some projects for adding a veranda to the house involve the use of plants and hedges as a fence. If you plan to make full-fledged railings, walls and roofing, the next stage after the formation of the floor will be the construction of the frame.

A lightweight wooden frame is made like this.

1. Along the perimeter of the floor, beams are laid, connected to each other with a direct lock. Grooves should be made on them for attaching the racks in increments of about 50 cm.
2. The racks are fixed in the grooves using metal brackets.
3. The top of the racks is tied with timber.
4. We make rafters for the roof.

A lightweight metal frame is erected in a similar way. If the foundation allows, the frame can be made of concrete or brick. The thickness of the load-bearing structural elements may differ from the characteristics of the walls of the main house. Roof supports must be at least 1.5 bricks thick, fence posts must be 125 mm thick.

Terrace walls can be finished using a variety of materials:

• wooden or plastic lining;
• metal siding;
• beam;
• decorative brick and much more.

The main thing is compliance with the appearance of the house.

The walls of the veranda must be connected to the wall of the house in the same way as the foundations of the structures. For this purpose, steel embedded elements are used. They are fixed in the main wall using deep holes, and in the wall structures of the terrace they are laid at the construction stage and secured with cement-sand mortar.

If the veranda is made open, railings are erected instead of walls. They can also be made from wood, metal, WPC, brick or concrete. This type of fence consists of posts, balusters and railings.

Roofing

The roof of the terrace can be removable, but it is better to securely fasten it to the frame if you plan to build a durable veranda. Like the floor, the main part of the roof is made of wood. The reliability and durability of the structure depend on how accurately the construction technology is followed.

The main terrace is a rafter system consisting of wooden beam and board sheathing. The purpose of this system is to hold the roofing material in place and withstand external influences - for example, precipitation pressure. Therefore, a lot depends on the quality of the rafters.

First of all, the rafters are treated with antiseptic agents. Next, the following work is done.

After all the main elements of the veranda have been completed, all that remains is to make a few finishing touches - to do interior decoration, carry out electrical wiring and, if necessary, heating, install recreational furniture.

Listed construction works- just a basic part of the technology that any veranda extension requires. The remaining elements - stairs, decorative elements - are made in accordance with the project. Having built the main parts of the terrace, you can probably easily cope with the additional ones.

Order services from professionals

Don't have time to build yourself? Contact the following organizations.