Why do clots occur during menstruation? Causes of menstruation with blood clots

A regular menstrual cycle is the key to the health of every woman, but sometimes during absolutely normal periods unusual discharge is observed, which frightens many. These include the appearance of blood clots. They usually come out in chunks and are very disturbing to women. Typically, if meat-like clots come out during your period, you should seek medical attention. medical care. Sometimes the cause of such discharge is an inflammatory process in the body or gynecological diseases.

Approximately one in three women experience discharge in the form of large pieces of blood during menstruation. They can be divided into two groups, the first of which is normal and is not accompanied by other dangerous symptoms. The second type appears due to the presence of a gynecological disease in the body.

Throughout the menstrual cycle, the inner lining of the uterus gradually becomes thicker, thus preparing for possible fertilization. If pregnancy does not occur, the endometrial layer, along with the blood, is torn off and comes out of the vagina, sometimes in the form of pieces of exfoliated endometrium, which is not a pathology.

Menstrual blood has a dark red color and a characteristic odor. Usually there are no clots present, but some women report the appearance of small pieces of blood as a monthly occurrence.

They appear when the enzymes responsible for its coagulation cannot cope with heavy discharge, so it can coagulate directly into the vagina. For this reason, pieces that look like meat come out, but in fact it is just coagulated blood. When a clot comes out of the vagina, like skin or tissue, it may just be separated endometrium.

Main symptoms

Despite the fact that discharge in the form of clots is considered normal, in most cases you need to consult a gynecologist about this. You should urgently seek medical help in the following cases:

• the size of the isolated pieces is more than 3 cm;
• simultaneously with the clots, the woman’s temperature rises;
• weakness;
• pain in the abdomen.

If during menstruation a clot comes out simultaneously with other symptoms, a pathological process may develop in the body.

Pathological changes

When a woman's periods are usually long and heavy, there is no need to worry about this. But there are other reasons for the appearance of atypical discharge.

The enzymatic system is responsible for the normal process of blood clotting in women, failures in which lead to the appearance of small clots, which changes the nature of the discharge. They contain particles that did not have time to coagulate in time. If a woman's blood clots too quickly, a clot will certainly appear during her period.

A lack of enzymes most often leads to poor coagulation and the release of meat-like pieces. Such discharge also occurs with anemia in women. If you experience weakness or high fever at the same time as clots, you should not postpone your visit to the doctor.

Presence of an intrauterine device

The intrauterine device, which is used to protect against unwanted pregnancy, also often causes bleeding in the form of pieces. After its installation, menstruation changes slightly. Clots appear due to the fact that a foreign body in the form of a spiral does not always take root well in the female body, as well as due to the rejection of a fertilized egg.

Almost always, when installing the IUD, the color, character and consistency of menstrual blood changes. A large piece also comes out due to the septum on the cervix, when the spiral does not allow the egg to attach to the walls of the uterus, and it comes out of the vagina in the form of bloody pieces. In this case, a large clot will appear every time during menstruation.

Adhesive processes

Changes in the structure of the uterine wall lead to the formation of adhesions. The uterine cavity is affected by the adhesive process and because of this, the normal menstrual cycle is disrupted. Menstruation can be quite scanty, but with the presence of clots, the size and number of which depend on the degree of development of adhesions.

Without treatment, adhesive formations often result in the absence of menstruation and infertility, so it is necessary to consult a specialist for any changes in menstrual blood.

Endometrial polyposis

When endometrial cells grow locally, polyps form. Because of them, a large clot may appear during menstruation. Endometrial polyposis is characterized by severe cutting pain. True, clots can come out almost at any time menstrual cycle. Discharge during polyposis increases, but its nature depends on the size of the polyps, which can separate and come out of the vagina as a clot.

Childbirth as a cause of clots

Women who have just given birth have no reason to worry, for whom heavy periods with pieces of blood are the norm. Childbirth is complex process, which is why the female body requires a lot of effort to recover from them. After the birth of a child, excess epithelium comes out of the uterus simultaneously with blood discharge in order to best clean its cavity.

During childbirth, the uterus participates in the process of the birth of a child. It contracts intensely, and after the newborn comes the placenta. But blood clots still remain in the cavity female organ and then come out with menstruation. Such discharge should not bother a woman unless it is accompanied by a rise in temperature and poor health.

Abortion

Sometimes the discharge of pieces of blood or tissue can mean termination of pregnancy. Spontaneous abortion or medical intervention leads to discharge of this kind.

Abortion

After an artificial termination of pregnancy, women will always have within ten days. In general, this is a normal phenomenon, because the body needs to cleanse itself of excess clots in the uterine cavity. Such discharge is not considered menstruation, but a kind of body response to stress after an abortion. Their duration depends on the individual health characteristics of the woman.

The color and size of bloody discharge plays an important role in this process. Very large pieces of blood, pain in the abdomen, and fever should be a reason to immediately consult a doctor. The type and amount of blood released depends on the type of abortion. During medical termination of pregnancy, heavy bleeding is observed only in the first days after taking the drugs, and then they become spotting.

Vacuum and surgical abortion are characterized by copious discharge. The presence of any additional symptoms at the same time can be life-threatening for a woman.

Miscarriages

A large blood clot in some cases means a miscarriage early pregnancy. Another characteristic sign of a miscarriage is the appearance of gray mucus with a yellow tint. Conception is interrupted for various reasons when the fertilized egg is not accepted by the body.

Monthly bleeding from the uterus is part of the physiological mechanism that ensures that a woman’s body is ready for pregnancy. The duration and amount of blood released on average does not differ from time to time for each woman, but deviations associated with external and internal circumstances also occur. In order to determine whether you should urgently consult a doctor, you need to figure out why more blood clots are coming out during menstruation than usual.

Why do blood clots come out during menstruation?

Blood is the main component of menstrual flow. And one of its properties that allows the body to work harmoniously is coagulability. That is, blood can and should normally form clots to prevent significant blood loss. It is necessary to distinguish the type of menstrual flow, which can be considered normal, from pathological, requiring medical correction.

Menstruation with blood clots: physiological reasons

• Normal menstruation. In addition to blood, the discharge normally contains particles of endometrium exfoliated from the walls of the uterus and vaginal epithelium. They may look like clotted blood.
• Intense discharge. Normally, clots during menstruation can be large. Usually they come out when a woman begins active movements after a period of rest - gets out of bed, from a chair. In this case, the blood, which did not have the opportunity to flow into external environment accumulates over time and may coagulate. This usually occurs in the vagina.
• Increased discharge. It happens after intense physical work, lifting weights, or playing sports. Exposure to the sun and hot climate have the same effect.

Common infections affect the blood clotting system, thereby increasing blood flow.

• Irregular discharge during adolescence. A growing woman’s body needs some time to adapt to changing hormonal levels, so menstruation can be both scanty and heavy, with clots. The cycle is also affected by mental immaturity and nervous system. It is worth paying close attention to these changes, as there is a possibility of juvenile uterine bleeding.

Pathological discharge

If the physiological reasons for the formation of clots during menstruation usually do not threaten health, then the signs of pathology should be known in order to seek help in time. Observing her body, every woman should ask herself the question: is large blood clots during menstruation normal for her at a certain point in her life.

• Pathology of pregnancy. In early pregnancy, bleeding may be similar to normal menstrual bleeding. A woman may not even know that pregnancy is already a fact and she is in danger. Therefore, heavy bleeding with large clots, accompanied by cramping pain in the lower abdomen, is a reason to undergo an urgent examination.

An ectopic pregnancy can also make itself felt by bleeding with small brown clots from the uterus.

• Postpartum period. Blood clots coming out of the uterine cavity after childbirth are a natural phenomenon if they last three days, a week or 10 days maximum. They are usually small, about 10 cm long. If there is excessive discharge of large clots or prolonged bleeding, consultation with a doctor is required.
• Intrauterine device. A foreign body present in the internal space of the uterus in most cases (70%) causes a response of the endometrium in the form of excessive thickening. Accordingly, its rejection increases the volume of discharge. Also, due to disruption of the uterine contraction process, clots may form. It should be noted that IUDs containing hormonal substances that are gradually released into the uterus are devoid of these negative effects. They even help reduce blood loss during menstruation.
• Condition after curettage of the uterus. Regardless of the reason for curettage - diagnostic, therapeutic as a measure to stop bleeding, or after premature termination of pregnancy - bleeding from the uterus with clots can occur as during normal menstruation. If the discharge is too heavy or prolonged, consult a doctor.
• Abnormal structure of the genital organs. Some congenital pathologies of the anatomical structure of the uterus - bicornuate, saddle-shaped - are accompanied by a violation of its contractility. During menstruation, the blood stagnates in it and comes out in clots.
• Endometrial pathology. This maca shell is very sensitive to hormonal imbalances. Violation of the regularity of the cycle leads to the fact that the endometrium grows and polyps appear. All this is accompanied by heavy bleeding with clots. Small spotting during the intermenstrual period may also be bothersome. Causes of hormone imbalance:

1. ovarian cysts;
2. excess body weight: fat provokes an increase in estrogen in the body, which causes the endometrium to grow larger than usual;
3. diabetes mellitus and thyroid diseases disrupt metabolic processes, resulting in an increase in the amount of menstrual blood.

• Uterine fibroids. The presence of nodes in the muscular wall of the uterus prevents its full contraction to expel menstrual flow. Volumetric formations that deform the internal space of the uterus also contribute to stagnation of blood and its subsequent release in large clots.
• Endometriosis. Adenomyosis affects the muscle layer of the uterus, seriously impairing its contractility. Endometriosis also causes problems with the blood clotting system. The result is heavy, prolonged menstruation.
• Ovarian cysts. In addition to an increase in the volume of the ovaries, which is diagnosed on a pelvic ultrasound, there is a violation of their function, and a hormonal imbalance appears, lengthening the second phase of the cycle. The endometrium thickens more, which causes increased bleeding and an increase in the number of blood clots during the next menstruation.

• Oncological pathology of the cervix and uterine body. Usually associated with endometrial hyperplasia, they cause heavy bleeding, often with clots.

• Malfunctions in the blood coagulation system. They can occur with bright manifestations, as well as in a hidden form. The pathology discovered during the examination requires correction and regular monitoring.

When you shouldn't hesitate to see a doctor

Observing blood clots similar to the liver during menstruation, many women experience fear, believing that some important organ is being destroyed. It is important not to panic and evaluate important accompanying symptoms that indicate deterioration in health.

• pathologically large volume (more than 200 ml), the thickness of menstrual flow is observed regularly;
• discharge is accompanied by pain in the lower abdomen;
• change from normal odor to unpleasant;
• there are signs of regular blood loss and the development of anemia: shortness of breath with light exertion, fatigue, palpitations, pallor.

What to do

Treatment has two important goals: to stop or reduce excess blood loss and to eliminate iron deficiency leading to oxygen starvation all tissues of the body.

• vitamins,
• iron supplements,
• corrective hormonal treatment;
• creating calm and harmonious living conditions.

Surgeons can radically eliminate the causes of heavy menstrual bleeding with clots:

• remove overgrown endometrium, polyps - curettage, hysteroresectoscopy;
• perform uterine plastic surgery by removing the internal septum;
• in case of malignant processes and the ineffectiveness of previous treatment, a decision may be made to remove the uterus.

An unusual course of the menstrual period, a change in the nature of the discharge should alert the woman and prompt her to carefully monitor the accompanying circumstances and symptoms. Timely seeking medical help contributes to early diagnosis of pathological conditions and prevention of complications.

The menstrual cycle, as well as the density of discharge during critical days, depends on many criteria, including general state a woman’s body, its individual characteristics and age-related changes in hormonal balance. In any case, first of all you should be wary of various ailments of the genital area. If clots appear during menstruation, the discharge becomes more abundant, in addition, discomfort and other unpleasant symptoms arise, then their causes in most cases will be pathological. If large compactions of the uterine mucosa appear in menstrual discharge without additional signs, then this may well be a variant of the norm.

In this article, we will get comprehensive information about why blood clots come out during menstruation, what they are in principle, and what symptoms should not panic, and in what cases a consultation with a gynecologist is necessary.

How do your periods go?

It is customary to call the period between periods, that is, the time from the beginning of one period to the beginning of another. Normally it can last 28-31 days. For all women, the duration of the menstrual cycle is highly individual and may differ with age. At a younger age, the cycle is more regular, as it is controlled by sex hormones produced in the body.

The beginning of the cycle is characterized by the maturation of the follicle and the renewal of the inner mucous layer of the uterus, with pieces of tissue (endomentry) and menstrual blood coming out over the course of three to seven days. The next period of the menstrual cycle is accompanied by thickening of the endometrium and preparation of the follicle for rupture; this is the so-called proliferation phase, which lasts until the middle of the cycle, that is, until the follicle ruptures and the egg is released.

For some time, the reproductive cell remains in the fallopian tube awaiting fertilization, but if there is no favorable conditions, and conception does not occur, then the production of sex hormones decreases, and the uterus begins to reject the inner lining. Thus, menstruation begins, and with it a new menstrual cycle. Normally, during menstruation, no more than 200 ml of blood should be released with particles of the endometrium and mucous tissue.

During menstruation, the body increases the production of special enzymes that slow down blood clotting and act as an anticoagulant. If, however, then an insufficient number of such enzymes is not able to cope with its task, which is why large clots arise. If a piece of endometrium up to 0.1 m long comes out with a glandular structure and a dark burgundy tint and with a metallic smell, then in this case there is no need to worry. If fever, pain, or huge clots appear, such discharge is very dangerous and requires immediate attention to a gynecologist.

Normally, large clots should not cause concern to a woman in the following cases:

• age under 18 years;
• if more than a month has passed since the birth of the baby;
• if in the recent past there was an abortion, miscarriage, gynecological surgery or uterine curettage;
• when using intrauterine methods of contraception;
• with congenital abnormal shape of the uterus.

Is it normal to have clots?

In the absence of pathological processes, the secretions of regula have a mucous uniform consistency and a dark red tint. A variant of the norm may be small blood clots during menstruation and pieces of the uterine epithelium, but only in cases where the total volume of discharge during the menstrual period does not exceed 80-100 ml, there is no pain, no unpleasant odor, and their duration does not exceed a week.

Let's look at why periods come in clots in the absence of additional pathological symptoms:

• menstrual blood coagulates and leaves the uterus in lumps in cases where there are scars and adhesions inside the organ that prevent the normal outflow of secretions;
• The cause of clots during menstruation can be congenital bends or septa in the uterus or its cervix;
• if a woman violates the drinking regime, protein products predominate in her diet, or kidney, liver or vascular diseases are diagnosed, then the blood may have increased viscosity, which can cause clots during regulation;
• Clots during menstruation occur in women who remain in the same position for a long time. The blood accumulates, becomes thicker, and when you change position, blood clots come out;
• Coagulant drugs, as well as hormonal drugs that reduce the duration and intensity of bleeding in the body, for example, nasal ones, can also cause the formation of blood clots during menstruation. As a side effect, during menstruation, due to these medications, blood clotting increases, and menstruation comes in chunks;
• the intrauterine device, which serves as a method of contraception, can also cause menstruation with blood clots;
• if a spontaneous abortion occurs in the first weeks of pregnancy, then after a short delay bleeding appears with clots, which are unevenly separated endometrium;

It is quite normal when clots are observed in the discharge, this may mean that the remains of the fertilized egg are being released. Also, the cause of abundant regulation after an abortion or childbirth is a hormonal imbalance. In addition, hormones regulate the production of enzymes that are responsible for blood clotting.

Menstruation with large clots can characterize various periods in a woman’s life, such as the onset of puberty, the first sexual experience, or the beginning. During these periods of time there may be an alternation of scanty and abundant discharge. If large clots come out after the daub, it means that a change in the structure of the mucous membranes is occurring.

Pieces of blood may appear in menstrual discharge after hypothermia, physical exhaustion and bad habits.

Pathological causes

Exist pathological causes menstruation with blood clots, let's look at the most common of them.

• Hormonal imbalance due to diseases of the thyroid gland, adrenal glands, brain and pituitary gland. In this case, the regularity of the cycle may be disrupted, and menstruation may also occur with clots. Brown.
• Uterine fibroids are a benign tumor, which is accompanied by disruptions in the menstrual cycle and large bloody clots during regular periods.
• Endometrial hyperplasia is a pathological growth of the inner uterine layer caused by arterial hypertension, excessive body weight, diabetes mellitus and hormonal imbalances. This disease is characterized by the presence of black clots in the regula.
• Menstruation with clots can also appear with endometrial polyposis, when a point proliferation of the inner uterine layer occurs, and with this disease severe pain in the lower abdomen occurs.
• Lumpy periods can occur with endometriosis, a pathological growth of the inner layer of the uterus beyond its limits. In such cases, critical days drag on for a longer period, become irregular and painful, and also more abundant.
• With blood pathologies that impair blood clotting, menstrual discharge can clot in the uterine cavity.
• The appearance of clots in the regula is accompanied by infectious diseases, they can also cause your body temperature to rise. An example is ARVI, influenza.
• Genetic abnormalities in uterine development. These include intrauterine septa, bends, one or two-horned uterus, etc. The reason for the formation of large clots is the stagnation of secretions in the uterine cavity, the shape of which is changed. Usually with such pathologies.
• If the fetus is ectopic, brown clots are released during menstruation against a background of elevated temperature and severe pain in the lower abdomen.
• Infectious diseases of the pelvic organs cause inflammation in the uterine cavity, which changes the structure of its inner layer. Bacteria also poison the blood with their metabolic products, which change the viscosity and acidity of menstrual flow, causing the formation of clots.
• Malignant tumors can cause not just regula, but heavy bleeding, so if you experience general malaise due to the release of large clots during menstruation, you should immediately go to a specialist.
• Stagnation of blood in the uterus and heavy clots in menstrual flow can cause varicose veins of the small pelvis.
• Excess of vitamin B.

Any reason for the appearance of clots in menstrual flow listed above is a reason to visit a gynecologist.

Signs of pathologies

If a woman’s discharge during menstruation usually has a uniform consistency, and when the next regular period comes, a large clot comes out, this should alert her in any case. But there are signs that, if they occur, you should immediately seek help from a doctor:

• if there are not only periods with clots, but also dark spotting or white curdled discharge between critical days;
• when the menstrual cycle is too short or too long, when less than 21 days or less than 35. It is also abnormal when the cycle is irregular and long intervals alternate with short ones;
• when it exceeds 150-180 ml;
• if menstruation lasts more than 8 days;
• if the period is too dark in color, rotten or rotten fish, and also contains impurities of pus or white discharge;
• if there is severe, unbearable pain in the lower abdomen.

In such cases, it is possible to determine why pieces come out during menstruation only after a gynecological examination and ultrasound of the pelvic organs. If necessary, the doctor may prescribe other tests and studies.

Treatment

If your period comes with bright scarlet clots, and there is enormous blood loss, you should immediately call emergency help. This may not be menstruation, but uterine bleeding, which is eliminated by completely removing the endometrium.

If you have discharge in the form of clots, what you definitely don’t need to do is self-medicate and use folk remedies to stop blood loss. Only a doctor can determine the cause of abnormal discharge and prescribe adequate treatment. In some cases, additional consultation with an endocrinologist may be necessary if the gynecologist suspects the presence of hormonal disorders in the body. And the presence of tumors in the uterine cavity may require a visit to an oncologist.

When using conservative therapy, the goal is to compensate for the lack of iron in the body caused by large blood loss. For this, vitamins and a special diet are prescribed, in which foods with a high iron content predominate in the diet. Bed rest is also indicated and medications may be prescribed to stop bleeding.

In severe situations, in the presence of internal septa, neoplasms or endometrial pathologies, surgical intervention such as curettage or hysteroresectoscopy may be necessary. The most radical treatment method, which is used at the very last moment, is the complete removal of the uterus and appendages. This technique is used for malignant tumors in an advanced state, mainly for women who have already passed reproductive age.

Thus, if critical days are accompanied by the appearance of clots that do not cause pain or discomfort, then this may well be a variant of the norm. If the discharge is too large and is accompanied by pain, a strong odor and temperature, do not waste time that could be used for treatment, but consult a doctor immediately. Preventive gynecological examinations will allow timely detection of diseases of the reproductive system and prevent its development.

Sometimes in a woman’s life the problem of heavy periods with clots arises, which makes it impossible to lead a full life. What kind of disease this is and how to deal with it can be understood by considering the problem from all sides.

Significant blood loss during menstruation can be either a separate disease or a symptom of a disorder in women's health. Heavy periods with clots, or dysfunctional uterine bleeding, is a disease that is characterized by the presence of abnormal bleeding from the uterine cavity, which is not caused by the presence of pathology of the pelvic organs, systemic diseases or disruption of pregnancy.

ICD-10 code

N92 Heavy, frequent and irregular menstruation

Epidemiology

Heavy periods with clots can occur at any time in a woman’s life, regardless of her age, place of residence and race. During the hot season, the risk of bleeding increases significantly due to the increased load on the cardiovascular system. There is also an influence of changes in atmospheric pressure on the development of menstrual irregularities.

Causes of heavy periods with clots

The etiological factors for the occurrence of heavy menstruation are:

• Stress, severe psycho-emotional shock;
• Eating disorders such as obesity, hypo- and avitaminosis, starvation;
• Chronic liver diseases, of cardio-vascular system and etc.;
• Hormonal imbalance;
• Previous gynecological operations;
• Infectious diseases of the pelvic organs;
• Radiation exposure;
• Congenital anomalies of the development of the genital organs.

Risk factors

A variety of unfavorable factors affect female body at different periods of development, formation, formation and decline of reproductive function. Most often during periods of greatest vulnerability - puberty and menopause. The main risk factors for the development of uterine bleeding are:

During puberty:

• Excessive physical activity;
• Malnutrition, hypovitaminosis;
• Mental stress and stress;
• Acute and chronic diseases of infectious origin.

During reproductive age:

• History of abortion;
• Complicated childbirth;
• Inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs;
• Neuroendocrine diseases;
• Hormonal imbalance;
• Occupational hazards;
• Mental and emotional stress.

During menopause:

• Acute and chronic infectious diseases;
• Education of the pelvic organs;
• Stress;
• Presence of pelvic organ prolapse;
• Diseases of the cardiovascular system and endocrine glands.

Pathogenesis

Normally, menstruation is regular, cyclical, painless uterine bleeding, which occurs when the functional layer of the endometrium is rejected due to a decrease in the level of progesterone and estrogen and does not exceed 80 ml of total blood loss during menstruation.

The following concepts are used in medicine:

• Hyperpolymenorrhea is a disorder of menstrual function, which is manifested by regular heavy bleeding exceeding the total blood loss of 80 ml per menstruation.
• Acute menorrhagia is unexpected heavy uterine bleeding not associated with the cycle.
• Metrorrhagia is heavy, prolonged, irregular bleeding between menstruation.

Heavy menstruation may indicate such disorders of women's health as: the presence of uterine fibroids, cervical tumors, pathological menopause, pregnancy complications, etc.

The main pathogenetic aspect of the development of uterine bleeding is an imbalance of the main hormones against the background of changes in the function of the most important parts of the hypothalamic-pituitary and ovarian systems.

The female reproductive system is built according to a hierarchical type, the main links of which are: the cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, ovaries, uterus and other target organs (breasts, thyroid gland). So in the cerebral cortex, the main regulators of the menstrual cycle are dopamine and norepinephrine, which control the hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), and serotonin, which controls luteinizing hormone (LH). The hypothalamus is one of the main structural formations of the brain, which produces releasing hormones that release pituitary hormones and statins that suppress their release. GnRH is the main hypothalamic hormone involved in the menstrual cycle. It is released into the bloodstream once every 60 minutes and the maximum frequency of its release is recorded in the preovulatory period, and the lowest in the second phase of the cycle. Directly involved in the regulation of the menstrual cycle are gonadotropins - pituitary hormones such as: prolactin (PRL) - the lactation hormone, follitropin (FSH) - the hormone of growth and maturation of follicles, and lutropin (LH) - the hormone of the corpus luteum. The ovaries synthesize estrogens, gestagens and androgens - hormones that have a vegetative (development and vital activity of the genital organs) and generative (hormonal background) effect on the female body. Thus, if at least one of the links - the cycle regulators - falls out or is disrupted, the hormonal levels will fail and the proliferation of the endometrium of the uterus will change. Excessive stimulation of the uterus by estrogen will lead to an increase in the thickness and hypoxia of the endometrium, which, due to increased contractility of the uterus, will be rejected continuously and non-simultaneously, one area after another, which in turn is accompanied by heavy uterine bleeding with long-term clots.

Symptoms of heavy periods with clots

Depending on the cause of bleeding from the genital tract, a woman may experience various symptoms, ranging from pain to dizziness and loss of consciousness. In more detail regarding the cause of occurrence, detailed description symptoms, first signs and complaints are presented below.

Heavy periods with clots after a delay

Sometimes, after a delay in menstruation, a woman experiences heavy bleeding with clots from the genital tract, and there may be aching pain in the lower abdomen with radiation to the anus. The cause of this symptom complex may be a disrupted pregnancy or the use of an oral contraceptive. Determining the level of human chorionic gonadotropin in the blood will help determine the cause. Even with complete spontaneous abortion, its numbers, for some time, remain at a high level. This occurs due to the fact that the non-viable embryo is rejected by the prepared endometrium and is accompanied by big amount blood loss. In this case, the woman experiences weakness, dizziness, nausea, and sometimes vomiting. If you have such symptoms, you must immediately call an ambulance for hospitalization in a specialized medical facility.

Heavy periods with clots during pregnancy

The appearance of bleeding from the genital tract in a pregnant woman usually indicates a spontaneous abortion. In this case, the first symptom is a nagging pain in the lower abdomen, which radiates to the rectum; in the second half of pregnancy, the pain can be cramping. Bloody discharge, however, in significant quantities with clots of varying intensity. Depending on the stage of pregnancy, vacuum aspiration of the uterine contents is performed in the first trimester; after the sixteenth week of pregnancy, the fertilization product is evacuated under adequate anesthesia and hemodynamic control. In the absence of contraindications, it is permissible to prescribe uterotonics to accelerate the expulsion of uterine contents.

In later pregnancy, vaginal bleeding may indicate placenta previa. In this case, bleeding varies in intensity and is absolutely painless. If a woman is more than 20 weeks pregnant, this condition occurs, she should immediately call an ambulance.

Heavy periods with clots after childbirth

Usually, immediately after childbirth, a woman experiences physiological bleeding - lochia. It can be of varying intensity and will continue until the postpartum uterus is completely reduced to normal size. After this, if the woman in labor breastfeeds her newborn, she does not have menstruation. This phenomenon is called lactational amenorrhea and, as a rule, it continues until complementary foods are introduced into the infant’s diet. And so, after 6-12 months, the woman’s menstrual cycle is restored. Due to physiological changes that have occurred in a woman’s body, such as shortening of the cervix, dilation of the cervical canal, an increase in the size of the uterus, an increase in the volume of the endometrium, menstrual flow becomes more intense and abundant.

Immediately 2-4 weeks after birth, heavy bleeding with clots may occur due to the presence of placental remnants in the uterine cavity. In this case, bloody discharge is bright scarlet in color with an unpleasant odor and is accompanied by pain in the lower abdomen radiating to the lower back. In this case, it is necessary to seek qualified medical help, since infection of the remnants of the placenta and the development of endometritis - inflammation of the uterus - are possible.

Heavy periods with clots after cesarean section

Often, heavy bleeding with clots is observed after the procedure. caesarean section. This is due to the presence of a scar on the uterus, reduced contractility of the uterus and an unchanged cervical canal and cervix, which is an obstacle to the free discharge of lochia, as after normal childbirth. As a result, bleeding becomes longer with more clots. Over time, the menstrual cycle will improve and the amount of menstrual blood released will become more normal.

Heavy periods with clots after curettage of the uterine cavity

Heavy periods with clots after curettage of the uterine cavity may be the result of an instrumental abortion. In this case, curettage of the uterine cavity is carried out with a curette, removing the endometrium with the fertilized egg layer by layer. If during such a procedure the surgeon missed any part of the cavity, bleeding with scarlet clots may develop on days 2-4, accompanied by aching pain in the lower abdomen. In this case, you need to contact the medical institution where the termination of pregnancy was performed.

If bleeding occurs 7-10 days after curettage of the uterus, it is also necessary to seek medical help, since this condition may be caused by the presence of a placental polyp, which occurs at the site of the remains of the fertilization product. In this case, a woman may experience bleeding of varying intensity, pain in the lower abdomen, low-grade fever and nausea. To eliminate this symptom complex, in the inpatient gynecological department, against the background of adequate antibiotic therapy, repeated curettage of the uterine cavity is performed, with further prescription of oral contraceptives.

Heavy periods with clots after hysteroscopy

Hysteroscopy is a gynecological procedure using an optical device, with which the doctor is able not only to visualize the inside of the uterus, but also to take material without traumatizing the entire uterine cavity, as with curettage. Hysteroscopy is performed both for diagnostic purposes and for therapeutic purpose. At the same time, in the case of diagnostic hysteroscopy, changes in the menstrual cycle do not occur. As for surgical hysteroscopy, here the cycle lengthens, and often periods become heavier than usual. But sometimes bloody discharge changes the smell, clots appear in it and their color changes, which may indicate an infection. If heavy bleeding has acquired a black color against the background of pronounced pain syndrome, this may be a symptom of the disease – endometriosis. Endometriosis is a complex hormone-dependent disease in which endometrial tissue is located not only in the uterine cavity, but also outside it. In this case, the woman is bothered by severe pain in the first days of menstruation. The doctor will make an accurate diagnosis after additional diagnostic examinations.

Heavy periods with clots due to fibroids

Uterine fibroids are a benign formation that consists of connective tissue or muscle elements. If muscle fibers predominate in the structure of the formation, we are talking about fibroids, if connective tissue predominates, we are talking about fibroids. One of the first symptoms of uterine fibroids is heavy menstruation. The nature of the discharge depends on the location of the myomatous node in the uterus. So, when it is located in the submucosal layer from the very beginning of its formation, the woman is bothered by heavy, prolonged menstruation with clots, which is also associated with impaired uterine tone.

Sometimes the growth of a submucosal myomatous node in the uterine cavity is directed towards the cervical canal, which over time leads to its exit from the uterine cavity. This process is accompanied by profuse uterine bleeding, cramping pain in the lower abdomen, general weakness, a drop in blood pressure and loss of consciousness. In this condition, assistance can only be provided in a medical facility. The main goal of treatment in this case is to stop uterine bleeding, pain relief and surgical removal of the nascent myomatous node, followed by curettage of the uterine cavity.

Heavy periods with clots after 45-50 years

During premenopause, women often experience heavy uterine bleeding. This is due to the aging of the hypothalamus, in which hormonal levels are disrupted towards hyperestrogenism against the background of reduced levels of progesterone, which leads to excessive growth of the endometrium and disruption of its transformation and is manifested by long, heavy periods with clots. In this case, the cyclicity is disrupted, and the time interval between menstruation lengthens. Treatment of this category of patients is mainly surgical and is presented in the form of curettage of the uterine cavity and cervical canal. In the future, hormonal therapy is prescribed to suppress menstrual function.

Heavy periods with clots during menopause

The appearance of bleeding in postmenopause may be a symptom of a malignant tumor of the pelvic organs. Therefore, if you have such a symptom, you must immediately contact a gynecologist to carry out the necessary examinations. Such bleeding occurs for no reason and can be of varying intensity and duration.

Another cause of bleeding during menopause may be senile colpitis, which occurs due to a decrease in the level of estrogen in the blood, which leads to thinning of the vaginal mucosa and increased vulnerability. Such bleeding occurs after physical activity, heavy lifting, or sexual intercourse. In any case, if bloody discharge from the genital tract appears, you should seek medical help from a gynecologist.

Heavy, prolonged periods with clots

Menorrhagia, or prolonged heavy periods, can occur in the presence of pathology of the uterus, endometriosis, endometrial hyperplasia, diseases of endocrine origin and blood clotting disorders. Also, the cause of this symptom may be an intrauterine contraceptive or an incorrectly selected oral contraceptive. The disease can occur at any age and is not cyclical. This condition is dangerous because, against the background of prolonged heavy bleeding, anemia usually develops, which is difficult to correct due to the presence of a genital cause of bleeding. If recurring episodes of prolonged periods occur, you should contact a gynecologist who will prescribe the necessary diagnostic procedures and treatment.

Heavy, painful periods with clots

Algodysmenorrhea is a disease that plagues a large number of women and is manifested by painful, heavy cyclic menstruation. There are many reasons for this disease. Painful periods can bother women with uterine fibroids, endometriosis, intrauterine contraceptives, abnormal development of the genital organs, as well as inflammatory diseases pelvic organs and diseases of the endocrine and nervous systems. Pain, as a rule, occurs a couple of years after the onset of menarche and begins on the first day of the menstrual cycle or the day before it. Pain of a cramping, spastic nature, radiating to the rectum, lower back, and ovarian region. Sometimes, with severe pain and bleeding, a woman experiences nausea, vomiting, and dizziness. This symptom complex leads to temporary disability and requires drug treatment.

Complications and consequences

The main complication that occurs as a result of heavy periods with clots is anemia. Due to the significant amount of blood loss, the reserves of hematopoietic cells are depleted, erythropoiesis is disrupted, which leads to persistent anemia with all the ensuing symptoms: weakness, dizziness, nausea, loss of appetite. In addition, this condition reduces the effectiveness of hemostatic therapy. With profuse bleeding, hemorrhagic shock often develops, which requires immediate administration of blood products.

In the absence of anti-relapse treatment, heavy periods with clots may resume, with the exception of conditions after hysterectomy.

Diagnosis of heavy periods with clots

Heavy periods with clots is a disease that requires immediate medical and sometimes surgical treatment. But in order to begin its treatment, it is necessary to conduct a diagnosis and establish an accurate clinical diagnosis.

Diagnosis of this disease is carried out by an obstetrician-gynecologist, upon initial contact with complaints of heavy periods with clots. First of all, the doctor collects a detailed somatic anamnesis (history): the presence of diseases of the liver, cardiovascular and endocrine systems, trauma and surgery on the female genital organs. Then the menstrual and gynecological history: the age at which menarche began, the quality of the cycle, the beginning of sexual life, sexual activity, gynecological diseases and contraceptive methods. It is also important to take medications such as estrogens, antidepressants, anticoagulants, corticosteroids, digoxin and propranolol, which could cause heavy bleeding from the genital tract.

After a detailed interview, the doctor conducts functional diagnostic tests, such as: basal temperature control, hormonal colpocytology, estrogen saturation tests, which make it possible to determine hormonal levels.

Laboratory examination

A pregnancy test or determination of human chorionic gonadotropin is carried out to exclude pregnancy pathology, or trophoblastic disease, or ectopic pregnancy.

A general blood test, biochemical blood test, and coagulogram are carried out to determine the degree of anemia in the body for further correction of anemia.

Hormonal examination over time is recommended for all women suffering from heavy periods to determine their hormonal status. To do this, the levels of FSH, prolactin, LH, testosterone, progesterone and estradiol in the blood serum are determined over time. It is important to examine thyroid and adrenal hormones.

Instrumental diagnostics

Ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs and hysteroscopy are reliable and accessible methods for diagnosing pathologies of the female reproductive organs. Sometimes hysterosonography is performed (filling the uterine cavity with saline solution under the control of an ultrasound machine), which makes it possible to identify submucosal myomatous nodes of the uterus, endometrial polyps, etc.

Diagnostic curettage of the cervical canal and uterine cavity is performed on all menopausal women who have complaints of bleeding from the genital tract. In other cases, it is performed in the presence of ultrasound signs of endometrial pathology.

It is also possible to perform MRI, computed tomography, laparoscopy, hysterosalpingography and other diagnostic methods if there are indications for them.

Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnosis of heavy periods with clots is carried out in accordance with the woman’s age, since each period of a woman’s life is characterized by the occurrence of certain diseases.

Thus, in the puberty period, a differential diagnosis is made with diseases of the hematopoietic system, accompanied by blood clotting disorders and bleeding; liver dysfunction and gastrointestinal tract, abnormal development of the genital organs, diseases of the endocrine system (adrenal glands, thyroid gland), foreign bodies of the genital tract and vaginal neoplasms.

Differential diagnosis in reproductive age is carried out with ectopic pregnancy, uterine fibroids, adenocarcinoma, endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial injury from an intrauterine contraceptive.

In the menopausal period, differential diagnosis is carried out with endometrial adenocarcinoma, adenomyosis and hormone-producing ovarian tumors.

Treatment of heavy periods with clots

The method of treating heavy periods with clots is prescribed by the doctor in accordance with the patient’s age, the cause of occurrence, the amount of blood lost and the duration of bleeding. But, in any case, the first stage is hemostasis - stopping bleeding, which can be done surgically or medically.

How to stop heavy periods?

The first thing you should do is calm down, as when excited they expand blood vessels and bleeding may increase. If bleeding occurs in a pregnant woman, you need to take a horizontal position with the foot end of the bed raised, relax, and call an ambulance. It is allowed to take the tablet form of ethamsylate “Ditsinon” 1-2 tablets with water.

For other reasons for heavy periods with clots, pre-medical measures should be as follows:

• Call an ambulance.
• Take a horizontal position with the foot end of the bed raised.
• Place a heating pad, bottle or any other container with cold water on the lower abdomen, which helps to narrow blood vessels and reduce bleeding.
• Drink plenty of fluids to replace blood loss.
• Taking medications that stop bleeding, such as: Dicinone 1-2 tablets, maximum 4 tablets per day, 0.25 mg each, Tincture of water pepper, 25 drops 3 times a day, Shepherd’s purse extract, 25 drops 3 times a day., Calcium gluconate 1-2 tablets 3 times a day.

Further treatment will be prescribed by the gynecologist in accordance with the indications.

1. Hemostatic therapy is aimed at stopping bleeding, for which fibrinolysis inhibitors are used - Aminocaproic acid and Tranexam.

Aminocaproic acid is an effective antihemorrhagic agent, the action of which is aimed at inhibiting fibrinolysis, which provides a hemostatic effect. The effect of the drug occurs 15 minutes after intravenous administration. The drug is prescribed intravenously in a drip of 100 ml of a 5% solution of no more than 8 g per day or orally 30 ml 4 times a day. Contraindications for use are coagulopathies, a tendency to thrombus formation, a history of cerebrovascular accidents, and coronary heart disease. The drug should be prescribed with caution with estrogen-containing contraceptives, which increases the risk of thromboembolism.

Tranexam is an antifibrinolytic drug with local and systemic hemostatic effects. The effect of the drug occurs 3 hours after oral administration and lasts up to 17 hours. Take 1 tablet 4 times a day for 4 days. Tranexam is administered intravenously at a dose of 15 mg/kg every 6 hours no faster than 1 ml/min. Contraindications for use are subarachnoid bleeding and renal failure. Prescribed with caution for deep vein thrombophlebitis and thromboembolic syndrome. Side effects occur when the recommended doses are increased or with individual hypersensitivity to the active substance of the drug, and can manifest as nausea, vomiting, dizziness, the development of thrombosis, tachycardia, skin rash, itching, and urticaria.

1. Hormone therapy indicated for use based on age and examination results.

During puberty, hormones are prescribed if there is no effect from hemostatic therapy. Preference is given to combined oral contraceptives: Microgynon, Lindinet 20, Yarina, 2-3 tablets per day with a gradual reduction in the dose to 1 tablet over 21 days.

It is possible to prescribe gestagens: Duphaston, Norkolut, Utrozhestan, 2 tablets per day, followed by a dose reduction.

In reproductive age, it is performed only on nulliparous women if the M-echo of the endometrium does not exceed 8 mm on ultrasound. The drugs of choice are: 17OPK 12.5% ​​2 ml IM 1 time per day for 7 days, Duphaston 1 tablet 3-5 times per day, Norkolut 1 tablet 3-5 times per day, followed by a gradual reduction to 1 tablet per day .

17 OPC (oxyprogesterone capronate) is a synthetic progesterone of gestagenic origin in high doses that inhibits the secretion of gonadotropins, which helps reduce bleeding and has a prolonged gestagenic effect. The drug is administered intramuscularly with 2.0 ml of a 12.5% ​​solution every day until bleeding stops and 0.5-1.0 ml on day 21 to prevent the development of recurrent bleeding. After intramuscular administration, the effect of the drug begins after 5 hours and lasts up to 14 days. Contraindications to the administration of 17OPK are liver dysfunction, a tendency to thrombosis, and malignant tumors of the pelvic organs and mammary glands.

During menopause, women over 45 years of age are not recommended to undergo hormonal hemostasis. It is acceptable to prescribe gestagens, such as: 17OPK 250 mg on days 14 and 21 of the menstrual cycle, Depo-Provera 200 mg on days 14 and 21.

In case of bleeding associated with impaired ovarian function, intramuscular administration of progesterone is prescribed at a dose of 5-15 mg/day for 7 days, followed by a dose reduction if the dynamics are positive.

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists, such as Goserelin and Diferelin, are not used so often to stop heavy menstruation with clots, but have proven themselves well in further treatment regimens for uterine bleeding. The fact is that with constant administration of drugs, LH synthesis decreases and the concentration of estradiol in the blood decreases. This helps reduce the growth and proliferation of the endometrium, which leads to minimizing the risk of bleeding until the development of menopause. Goserelin is injected subcutaneously into the anterior abdominal wall once every 28 days, which ensures that the effective concentration of the drug is maintained in the body. The drug is contraindicated in pregnant women, lactating women and children. The drug was well tolerated. In rare cases, headaches, mood swings, dryness of the vaginal mucosa, cessation of menstruation, and demineralization of bone tissue may occur.

1. Vitamin therapy. Prolonged, heavy uterine bleeding, as a rule, leads to depletion of the body's resources of vitamins and microelements. First of all, iron deficiency occurs and, as a result, iron deficiency anemia develops. To eliminate it and replenish iron, the following is prescribed:

• Vitamin B12 200 mcg/day.
• Folic acid 0.001 g 2-3 r/day.
• Totema 1-5 ampoules per day orally.
• Globiron 1 tablet once a day.
• Sorbifer Durules 1 tablet 1 time per day.
• Maltofer 1 tablet 1 time per day.
• Venofer intravenous drip.

The duration of taking iron supplements depends on the degree of anemia and is carried out under the control of blood counts.

Among vitamin preparations, it is justified to prescribe vitamins B6 and B1 alternating for intramuscular administration. It is also recommended to prescribe vitamin E 200 mg per day and routine 200 mg 3 times a day.

1. Medicinal drugs have found wide application in the treatment of heavy periods with clots. herbs and traditional medicine.

• Dry nettle leaves pour half a liter of water and boil for 10 minutes, leave for 30 minutes. Take 1 tbsp internally. spoon 5 times a day.
• Shepherd's purse grass 50g, knotweed grass 50g, mistletoe grass 50g. Pour the mixture of herbs into 200 ml of water, boil for 5 minutes, cool. Drink 1 glass 2 times a day from the 3rd day of menstruation.
• Oak bark 30g, wild strawberry leaves 20g, raspberry leaves 20g, yarrow herb 30g. Brew in 200 ml of water and drink 200 ml. morning and evening from the 1st day of menstruation.
• Buckthorn bark 30g and raspberry bark 30g. Pour boiling water over the collection, leave and drink 1 glass morning and evening.

In folk medicine, to treat heavy periods with clots, not only herbal infusions are used, but also other components for the preparation of medicinal potions.

• A decoction of orange peels has good hemostatic properties. Boil the peels of 5 oranges in 1 liter of water for 1 hour over low heat. Add a little sugar and drink 1 tablespoon three times a day.
• Mix fresh rowan berries and mint leaves 1:1 and brew as tea. Drink this tea 3 times a day until your period ends.
• Brew 30g of dried and finely chopped herbs and parsley roots with boiling water in 400 ml of water and boil for 15 minutes, then strain. Take half a glass three times a day 15 minutes before meals.

1. Physiotherapy.

The following types of physiotherapeutic treatment are widely used in treatment regimens for heavy uterine bleeding with clots:

• Electrophoresis with copper sulfate provides a vasoconstrictor effect
• Cervicofacial galvanization increases the contractile function of the uterine myometrium
• Endonasal electrophoresis with vitamin B1 increases uterine muscle tone
• Vibration massage of the paravertebral zones has a complex effect on the vessels of the uterus and muscle tone, which helps reduce blood loss.

1. Homeopathy.

If the cause of heavy periods with clots is functional disorders, the following drugs are used for treatment:

• Ovarium compositum. It is a complex homeopathic remedy that regulates hormonal levels. It has metabolic, sedative and anti-inflammatory functions. Prescribed 2.2 ml intramuscularly 2 times a week, from the third week 1 time every 5 days. The course of treatment is 10 injections. Contraindications – hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, children under 12 years of age. Prescribed with caution to pregnant and lactating women. Among side effects increased salivation was observed, in which case it is recommended to reduce the dose of the drug or discontinue it.
• Mulimen is a complex homeopathic drug, the action of which is aimed at regulating the balance of gonadotropic and steroid hormones, normalizing the autonomic nervous system and stabilizing the mental state of a woman. Has hormone-regulating, antispasmodic, sedative and drainage properties pharmacological properties. Indicated for use in menstrual disorders, mastopathy, treatment of side effects of hormonal contraception, premenstrual and menopausal syndrome. Prescribed 10-12 drops 2 times a day during the intermenstrual period and on menstrual days 10-15 drops 3-5 times a day, depending on the degree of bleeding. Take 15-20 minutes before meals, holding briefly in the mouth. Contraindicated in children under 12 years of age and in case of hypersensitivity to the components of the drug. Prescribed with caution to pregnant and lactating women. The drug is usually well tolerated; allergic reactions may occasionally occur.

With the development of heavy periods with clots against the background of an inflammatory process of the pelvic organs, the following are additionally prescribed:

• Gynekoheel is a basic anti-inflammatory agent with vasotonic, anti-edematous and analgesic pharmacological properties. Promotes completion of the inflammatory process, restoration of microcirculation and the formation of new tissue at the site of inflammation. Reduces the risk of complications. Has a regulating effect on the menstrual cycle. Prescribed 10 drops 3 times a day every day, except for menstrual days. Course of treatment 3 cycles. The drug is contraindicated for persons who are allergic to the venom of bees, wasps and bumblebees. No side effects were identified.
• Traumeel S is the first choice drug for any damage to body tissue. It has anti-inflammatory, anti-exudative, regenerating and analgesic pharmacological properties. The drug is contraindicated for use in persons with hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, those suffering from tuberculosis, leukemia, or AIDS. Prescribed 1 tablet 3 times a day. Adverse reactions in the form of redness and rash on the skin are possible.

1. Surgical treatment.

Surgical intervention for heavy periods with clots, regardless of the cause, is carried out for hemostatic purposes to stop bleeding.

Therapeutic and diagnostic curettage of the walls of the uterine cavity is carried out under general anesthesia, followed by sending the resulting scraping for pathohistological examination, which makes it possible to determine the cause of bleeding in 80% of cases. After the operation, the patient is prescribed hemostatic and antibacterial therapy.

Endometrial ablation is a surgical method for treating uterine bleeding, which is carried out using a laser or electrode under the control of a hysteroscope and involves removing the entire layer of the endometrium.

Hysterectomy is a radical surgical procedure that involves removing the uterus. It is the last stage of treatment for uterine bleeding, when the condition cannot be treated with other methods.

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The menstrual cycle of different women has its own characteristics. Sometimes menstruation with clots is observed, but girls do not always pay attention to this. And, by the way, this may be associated with serious pathologies. However, it is likely that there is no reason to panic. But to make sure of this, you still need to visit a gynecologist.

If you are frightened by such a phenomenon, or, on the contrary, you are indifferent to it, this does not mean that you need to leave everything to chance. When periods with blood clots are observed, the reasons can be very diverse.

1. The main reason requiring mandatory surgical intervention is congenital or acquired pathology of the uterus . Both at birth and after an abortion, a septum may form on the organ, blocking the cervix. This barrier prevents blood from flowing freely, delaying secretions. The blood that accumulates in the septum clots. This is one of the common reasons why periods come in clots.

A similar anomaly can develop as a result of alcohol and cigarette abuse, as well as due to nervous strain. Among the pathologies of the development of the uterus, the following are observed: bifurcation of the organ itself or the cervix, a rudimentary horn, etc. Only a specialist can diagnose the anomaly after ultrasound or hysteroscopy.

2. Long periods with blood clots can be a consequence of hormonal imbalance . Most often, this is caused by pathologies in the functioning of the brain, thyroid gland, adrenal glands and ovaries. It is the abnormal amount of hormones that provokes abundant growth of the inner layer of the uterus. As a result, excess tissue is rejected and comes out along with blood in the form of clots. Only an endocrinologist can diagnose “hormonal imbalance”. So don’t delay going to the doctor, even if you have periods with blood clots without pain.

3. Very often the cause of this phenomenon is intrauterine device . Contrary to popular belief about its safety, this method of contraception is far from harmless. Firstly, the spiral, like any foreign body, can be rejected by the uterus. Secondly, it is an abortifacient contraceptive. That is, it does not protect against pregnancy, but causes early miscarriage. If you put in an IUD and after a while you start having periods with brown blood clots, you should know that this may be the birth of the fetus. Imagine how many mini-abortions the spiral causes in a year. Many women, having resorted to this method of contraception, complain of heavy and frequent menstruation.

4. Endometriosis often accompanied by pain and blood clots. The disease should be suspected if menstruation with clots occurs after curettage. Although endometriosis can occur on its own. It is quite difficult to diagnose, especially if there are no prerequisites (abortion, miscarriage, etc.). Therefore, if you constantly feel discomfort during your menstrual period, accompanied by heavy bleeding, immediately contact a gynecologist and undergo a full examination. Believe me, it is easier to eliminate the disease in its infancy than to resort to heavy hormonal drugs and surgery.

5. After abortion and childbirth Having periods with clots is normal. It will go away on its own. You just need to pay attention to the color and consistency of the discharge. If they are shaped like flakes with jagged edges, have a bright red, brown or brown color, and are also accompanied by painful cramps, you should immediately go to the doctor. You cannot stop your period on your own or rely on chance in such a situation.

I would like to say one more thing - menstruation itself with blood clots, but without pain, is not a pathology. In healthy women, clots form at the end of the cycle, as the blood clots and flows less intensely.

Manifestation of abnormal discharge

How to distinguish normal periods with clots from pathology? If you are not regularly observed by a gynecologist or endocrinologist, it is almost impossible to do this on your own. Especially if menstruation is painless. In addition, in order to suspect something is wrong, you must have the prerequisites.

For example, if you recently had an abortion, suffered a miscarriage or childbirth, or had an IUD installed, you can guess what may be causing the deviations. In the same way, you will understand why your periods come with clots if you are seen by an endocrinologist and know that you have problems with hormones.

But it is unlikely to suspect endometriosis and uterine pathology on your own. And even a doctor will not be able to identify these diseases “by eye”.

Therefore, if something bothers you, and even if you are healthy, do not forget to visit your gynecologist regularly. This way you will minimize the risk.

How is it treated

Since there are several factors that cause menstruation with clots, treatment for each patient is selected individually.

When it comes to serious abnormalities in the structure of the uterus, the only option is surgery. Sometimes women refuse surgery, citing the fact that nothing bothers them. But the absence of painful symptoms is not everything. With pathology of the septum of the cervix and body of the uterus, the risk of infection and inflammation of the organ increases. And this is fraught with serious consequences, including its removal.

In case of hormonal disorders, you need to treat the organ that caused them. This means undergoing a full examination by several doctors.

If pieces of blood have formed due to the intrauterine device, then it must be removed as quickly as possible. You may need to undergo a course of medication.