Periodicity in cedar fruiting. How long does it take for cedar to grow: features and interesting facts? How long does it take for cedar to produce cones?
Powerful and large cedar tree! Planting and caring for it, despite its parameters, is not at all difficult. The main thing is to find a place for this beauty. Nowadays, the cedar tree has become very popular due to the benefits it brings to humans. To the question of how to grow cedar, for example, on a summer cottage, there is an answer: breeders have bred dwarf varieties of this tree. Ordinary cedars can reach a height of 30 meters or more, while dwarf cedars barely grow to 1 meter. They look beautiful both in single plantings and in group plantings. has proven itself perfectly as a hedge; it tolerates cutting perfectly, which allows you to give free rein to your imagination and create a variety of green shapes. In addition to giving beauty, this tree also provides health benefits.
Since ancient times, it has been believed that cedar is the elixir of youth, it is a symbol of power. Its action is especially important for men's health and power. It has also been established that this plant is a source of healing energy. If you relax for an hour every day near the evergreen miracle of nature, you can completely get rid of many diseases. So cedar, planting and caring for which will not cause you much trouble, can take its rightful place on your site. This article will help you learn how to grow beautiful and healthy ones at home.
Description of cedar
Cedar looks great in the country. This evergreen tree will delight you with its beautiful appearance all year round. It belongs to the pine family and can live up to 800-1000 years. This long-lived plant acquires several peaks and a dense crown as it grows.
Old cedars are distinguished by brown, with a grayish tint, cracked bark in the form of rough scales. Young shoots are dark brown with a huge number of long red hairs. The needles are dark green, soft, grow in bunches of 5 needles, triangular with small notches, reaching a length of 5 to 15 cm.
Cedar is a monoecious plant; both female and male cones grow on it. The female cedar cone is located at the end of the shoot, and the male one is at the base. Pollination occurs thanks to the wind. The buds are conical in shape and up to 10 mm long. A mature cone reaches 15 cm in length and 5-10 cm in width. They are diamond-shaped and have a brown tint. Young cones are ovoid in shape and purple in color. Full maturation occurs within 15-16 months. Cedar begins to bear fruit, planting and caring for it according to all the rules, at the age of fifty years.
The seeds of the evergreen beauty are large, dark brown, ovoid in shape. One cone can ripen from 50 to 150 seeds.
Types of cedar trees
Before you learn how to plant cedar, you need to familiarize yourself with what species exist in nature and how each of them is characterized so that you can choose the best option for yourself. In total, the genus of cedar trees includes 4 tall species:
- Lebanese - distinguished by its powerful and spreading branches that grow horizontally. Lebanese cedar looks very unusual; planting and caring for this species is very simple, since it is completely unpretentious to its growing conditions. This tree is slow growing and by the age of 10 years it barely reaches 2 meters.
- Atlas - This species will require a lot of space to grow as it is extremely powerful. By the age of 10 it reaches 3 m in height. After planting, the seedling needs staking. The branches of the plant are raised upward.
- Himalayan - by the age of 10 it grows up to 3 m. The branches are drooping, drooping type, the apex sticks out.
- Cyprian - originally from the island of Cyprus. The crown at the beginning of growth is cone-shaped, then develops into a wide-spreading one, and in old age it becomes umbrella-shaped. In adulthood it reaches a height of 40 m.
Landing place
Growing cedar begins with selecting a suitable place for the plant. recommended where the soil is not too dry and rich in nutrients. Plants in the neighborhood should be lower than the cedar because it requires high levels of light as it grows. Trees that have reached the age of 7-8 years can already develop normally further in partial shade.
How to plant cedar
The very first thing you need to know is that cedar seedlings should be located at a distance of 7-8 m from each other. Marking the area when planting is a very important stage of the work. It is necessary to ensure that the distance from the tree to the house and nearby buildings is at least 3 m. These distances must be maintained so that the powerful root system of the plant does not destroy the foundations of structures over time.
When you are done with the markings, you can start planting; this is not a difficult process at all. Cedar is not too picky about soil and does not require additional bedding. In hard soil, it is recommended to fill in a drainage layer (15-20 cm) consisting of coarse sand or broken bricks.
Watering and spraying
Cedar trees usually do not need watering when grown in the garden. Young trees and cedar seedlings are an exception; in dry and hot summers they need to be watered. Moderate watering is required to avoid moisture stagnation.
Evergreens also tolerate dry air calmly. But at the same time, young cedars need to be sprayed periodically on summer days. This way you will provide the needles with a rich color.
Cedar care
How to grow cedar so that it is strong, beautiful and healthy? The answer to this question is simple - you need to properly care for it. While the plant is still young, it grows very slowly, giving way to other coniferous and deciduous species. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that small and still weak cedar seedlings do not disappear in the shade and thickets of their faster neighbors. It is necessary to remove self-sowing foreign plants in a timely manner.
Feeding
The tree will grow best in an area open to sunlight. The evergreen beauty does not tolerate an excess of nitrogen, this can lead to poor development of the root system. At the same time, it requires potassium.
Seedlings need mulching; it will protect the roots in winter from frostbite during severe frosts. Every year it is recommended to increase the layer of mulch, this will promote the formation of adventitious roots.
In spring and autumn, the circle of soil around the trunk can be mulched with organic matter. In the summer, it is recommended to feed cedar twice a month with complex
Propagation by seedlings
You need to choose cedar seedlings very carefully. It is better to purchase those that are sold in containers or with a large lump of earth on the roots. This condition increases the chances that the plant will tolerate transplantation well. It is recommended to buy 2-3 year old seedlings. If the planting material shows exposed roots and yellow withered needles, then it is better to refuse such a purchase.
Having selected seedlings, you can begin planting, adhering to the following recommendations:
- Dig up the soil within a 3 meter radius around the planting hole.
- The planting hole should be 40 percent larger than the seedling's earthen ball.
- Before planting, dip the roots of the seedling in a creamy clay solution.
- First secure a peg in the hole, only then can you place the seedling there. Cover everything together with soil.
- Tie the seedling to the support with twine.
- Water the plant moderately. If there is no rain for 14 days, then you need to continue watering every 2 days.
How to grow cedar from a nut
To grow cedar from a nut, you first need to choose the right seeds. Make sure that the planting material does not have an unpleasant odor or is covered with mold. Now that the material has been selected, you can begin sowing.
Before sowing, so that the seedlings are not damaged by the fungus, the seeds must be pickled in a weak solution of manganese for two hours.
The seeds do not germinate immediately; first they undergo a long preparation, which lasts about 5 months. The first step of preparation is soaking the seeds in water for 3 days; you need to change the water daily. After this, the nuts are mixed with sand, moistened and placed in a fabric bag. Now you need to place them in a wooden box with holes on the sides and put them in the refrigerator. Planting material should be checked periodically and moistened as needed. If mold is noticed on a nut, it is immediately thrown away and the sand is changed.
After six months, the nuts are thoroughly washed and planted in pots to a depth of 1 cm. Sandy soil is used for this. At room temperature, the seeds will germinate in 30 days. Now the seedlings can be placed in a lighted place, but not in direct sunlight.
With the onset of summer, the pots can be taken outside so that the plants gradually get used to the air and sun. After some time, small seedlings can be transplanted into loose soil.
How to grow cedar in the country
When coniferous forests are far from your home, you really want to settle in a plant that will envelop your yard with an intoxicating and healing pine aroma. Cedar is perfect for this purpose. Due to its large size, it is often used for landscaping large parks and squares. On a country plot, a tall, handsome tree will also look great, especially when paired with a birch tree, but what to do if you have a small dacha and the plot is not characterized by endless open spaces? You can find a way out by planting a dwarf cedar in your dacha.
Here are some varieties of dwarf cedar:
- Nana varieties;
- Atlas cedar Aurea variety;
- cedar of Lebanon variety Sargentii;
- Himalayan cedar variety Golden Horizon.
Benefits of cedar for humans
What benefits does cedar bring to humanity, why, especially recently, has interest in this evergreen plant increased so much? This is explained by the fact that the tree has extraordinary properties:
- Throughout the year, cedar looks very decorative, especially in winter, when green needles are combined with white sparkling snow.
- Healthy and tasty pine nuts are widely used in cosmetology, medicine and cooking.
- Due to its unique healing properties, resin resin is one of the best means for healing wounds.
- Cedar needles are also useful; for centuries it has been successfully used to treat many diseases.
- Your area will be filled with the amazing coniferous aroma inherent in cedar, as a result of which the air will be filled with useful substances and freshness.
- Cedar wood is highly valued in construction and furniture making. In this case, Canadian wood is simply priceless and has the highest price, since it is extremely durable, easily withstands extremes of high and low temperatures, is environmentally friendly and has antiseptic properties. So Canadian cedar can be considered a leader among trees used by builders and furniture makers.
Replies@mail. ru: how many years does cedar live? When does it start to bear fruit? Categories All project issues Computers, Internet Topics for adults Auto, Motorcycle Beauty and Health Products and Services Business, Finance Science, Technology, Languages Philosophy, Unknown Cities and Countries Education Photography, Videography Horoscopes, Magic, Fortune telling Society, Politics, Media Legal advice Leisure , Entertainment Travel, Tourism Humor Food, Cooking Work, Career About projects Mail. Ru Animals, Plants Family, Home, Children Other Dating, Love, Relationships Sports Gold fund Art and Culture Style, Fashion, Stars Full list Ask Leaders Search by questions
How many years does it take for a cedar tree to bear fruit?
How many years does it take for a cedar tree to bear fruit? 2
How many years does it take for a cedar tree to bear fruit?
question closed NSBM-6886-614 over a year ago
After landing.
The lifespan of a cedar pine is 800 (eight hundred) years. Cedar begins to bear fruit at about thirty to forty years of age. As soon as the cedar begins to bear fruit, the cones grow every year in the summer, and accordingly, the harvest can be harvested somewhere within 250 (two hundred and fifty) years. It’s especially good if you managed to grow such a cedar in your garden. Then, it will pass from one generation to another.
Cedar grown in nature (in the taiga, for example) grows very slowly, and it is difficult to wait for fruiting faster than after 20 years (from 20 to 40 on average), it bears several kilograms of nuts. If the cedar is cultivated and receives proper care, then this time is about 15 years, and the tree bears fruit much more often. There is an opinion that if you graft a seedling with a cutting from an already fruit-bearing tree, the cedar will bear fruit even earlier, around the 10th year.
In the section on the question how many years does cedar live? When does it start to bear fruit? given by the author Opportunist the best answer is that cedar lives on average 350-400 years (some centenarians live almost twice as long). Therefore, in adulthood it looks majestic and forms very productive, complex forests.
In addition, cedar is the only nut-bearing tree in the Siberian taiga. Its tasty and nutritious seeds-nuts are the main food for all forest fauna, and for humans - from the Stone Age to the present day - an object of trade and a valuable food product.
Under natural conditions, Siberian pine usually begins to bear fruit only at the age of 50–70 years. The cedar bears abundant fruit every five to seven years. But the cedar bears fruit until a very old age.
Source: h ttp://kedr.forest.ru/ h ttp://bio.1september.ru/articlef.php?ID=200404404
Answer from Witty[newbie]
in favorable conditions up to 800 years
Answer from Caucasian[guru]
for more than a thousand years it bears fruit approximately 10 years after planting
Answer from Ans[guru]
grafted forms of Siberian pine (so-called cedar) begin to bear fruit at 7-10 years. Sometimes earlier. There have been cases in my practice when an ungrafted cedar tree living next to a person (this is very important) began to produce cones on
15th year
Answer from Paleev Paleev[guru]
Natural, “wild” cedar grows relatively slowly, begins to bear fruit at the age of 25-30 years, and reaches its maximum yield (10-15 kg of nut per tree) at 100-150 years, lives up to 400 years or more (sometimes up to 800 years)
A genus of gymnosperms in the Conifer family, common in the Mediterranean and Himalayas.
There are five taxa in the genus, the number of species is from two to four.
Two kinds:
* Himalayan cedar,
* Cedar of Lebanon.
The latter has four subspecies or varieties:
* Atlas cedar, Cedrus libani var. atlantica (Endl.) Hook.f. (syn. Cedrus libani subsp. atlantica (Endl.) Batt. & Trab.; Cedrus atlantica (Endl.) Manetti ex Carrière)
* Cedar of Lebanon, Cedrus libani var. libani
* Cyprus cedar (short-coniferous), Cedrus libani var. brevifolia Hook.f. (syn. Cedrus libani subsp. brevifolia (Hook.f.) Meikle; Cedrus brevifolia (Hook.f.) A.Henry)
* Turkish (Ararat) cedar, Cedrus libani var. stenocoma (O.Schwarz) Frankis (syn. Cedrus libani subsp. stenocoma (O.Schwarz) Davis)
In botanical literature, Atlas cedar, Cypriot cedar and Turkish cedar are usually considered to be subspecies of Cedar of Lebanon, while in horticultural literature they are usually considered separate species.
Life form - tree.
Wood is highly valued and has been used since ancient times (mentioned in the Bible as one of the materials for the construction of royal palaces and temples; symbolizes well-being and prosperity
Seasonal growth of cedar in open areas begins at the end of May, and under the canopy of deciduous forests 7-10 days later. Cedar growth in height lasts 45-50 days of the growing season. In the first 10-15 days, shoot growth is slow. Then the growth increases sharply and after 7-10 days reaches its maximum. The maximum increase is observed in mid-June. The growth of cedar is greatly influenced by weather conditions. He reacts very sensitively to the May warmth. With warming, cedar literally within a few days is covered with light green tufts of soft young needles with a pleasant resinous smell.
In some years, the cedar exhibits secondary growth. At the same time, growth buds laid for the next year begin to develop in August, the length of the shoots reaches 8 cm. It is typical that shoots not covered with needles, grown during secondary growth, stop growing at the end of August or beginning of September and a new bud is not formed. In this state they overwinter, and in the spring of next year they continue to grow without forming whorls. The phenomenon of secondary growth of shoots usually occurs in those years when warm weather sets in in August with heavy rains, due to which the awakening of the buds takes place in the year of their formation.
 |
|
|
During its life, Siberian cedar is characterized by very long growth in height and diameter. The growth of cedar in height depends on environmental conditions. On well-moistened and fertile soils, cedar grows more quickly than on dry soils. The maximum increase is observed at the age of 50-120 years. During the first 10-15 years, cedar grows very slowly under the forest canopy. In the early stages of growth, due to lack of light, cedar undergrowth lacks branching. Under the canopy of medium-full, moderately dense maternal stands, young growth reaches a height of 8-15 cm by 5 years, 16-36 cm by 10 years, and 38-75 cm by 20 years. In high-density, dense plantations, the growth of trees older than 10 years is sharply reduced , and by the age of 20 they die. However, with moderate shading, cedar at the age of 50 and even 100 years does not lose the ability to improve growth after lightening (natural or artificial release from under the maternal canopy).
The beginning of seed production in Siberian pine in the best environmental conditions, for example in rare crops of the southern taiga and northern forest-steppe, occurs at 20-25 years.
There are indications of earlier dates of entry: Siberian cedar at 14-15; Korean cedar at 18-20; dwarf cedar at 20-25 and European cedar at 18-20 years. In the worst environmental conditions, sexual maturity is delayed.
In closed plantations of the taiga zone, as well as in the northern and high-mountain regions, Siberian cedar begins to seed at the age of 50-70 and even 100 years, European cedar in the mountains near the upper limit of forest vegetation at 80-100 years, Korean cedar at 100-150 years.
Early seed production is first established in freely growing trees and in low-density forest stands. Thus, in rare plantations (with a density of 0.3-0.4), Siberian cedar begins to seed at 35-40 years, European cedar at 40-50, Korean cedar at 55-70, dwarf cedar at 50-60 years.
Fruiting occurs especially late in cedar forests that form from undergrowth under the canopy of deciduous stands, and in young generations of cedar in stands of different ages: they begin to bear fruit only when the tree canopy above them is destroyed and the upper parts of their crowns receive sufficient light. Often this occurs only at the age of 100-150 years.
The beginning of seed bearing is characterized by the appearance of the first cones in individual trees, and their formation is confined to the very upper part of the crown. Over time, the number of fruit-bearing trees increases, and tree cones begin to appear on the shoots below the whorls.
Much less often, the maturation of trees begins with the formation of anther spikelets. They are formed in trees entering fruiting several years later than the appearance of the first cones and are located on shoots of the third order, and even later - on the fourth and fifth orders.
Siberian pine is characterized by functional specificity of shoots. They carry only male structures (anther spikelets) or only female cones, or have neither. Very rarely there are shoots bearing the formation of both sexes. Their share increases in extreme growing conditions. This is noted for the extreme limit of cedar growth in the north of the country.
Female cones are located at the tops of the shoots under the apical and lateral buds, male cones are located at the base of the shoots. Shoots bearing female cones are conventionally called female shoots, anther spikelets are called male shoots, and those lacking both are called growth shoots. Female shoots are much thicker than male shoots, often more than 2 times thicker.
The location, number and ratio of male, female and growth shoots changes with age. This is to a certain extent indicative of a particular stage of the tree’s individual development and determines its nut production. If the first years of seed production are characterized, as noted above, by the formation of unisexual primordia - the cedar seems to go through a phase of dioecy, but also dioecy, then after 7-10 years the formation of a mixed generative layer of the crown begins and it moves to the phase of monoecy.
In mature trees, three generative and one growth layers should be distinguished in the crowns. In the upper generative tier, only growth and female shoots are found, and it is called the female tier. Below the crown there is a mixed generative layer; it contains shoots of all three categories, but with a predominance of males over females. Even lower is the male tier; there are no female shoots in it. The lowest tier consists only of growth shoots.
Depending on the specific characteristics of tree growth, the structure of the crown can change significantly, not only in the length of individual tiers, but also in their presence. Thus, the crowns of free-growing trees often consist of only two tiers - female and mixed. In the harsh conditions of the north, the crowns of adult free-growing trees often consist only of a mixed (top) and male layer in the middle and lower parts. In overmature (long-moss) pine forests of the southern taiga of the West Siberian Plain, tree crowns often also consist of two tiers: an upper mixed one, consisting of one to three overgrown branches, and a very extended (along the height of the tree) male or even growth tier with rare branches bearing male spikelets. An increase in the length of the crown of the male layer is a characteristic feature of old trees.
Along with age, the length of generative layers, the number and ratio of male and female shoots in Siberian pine are also determined by genetic differences. According to T.P. Nekrasova (1972), in adult Siberian pine trees, with a constant predominance of male shoots in the crown, its degree can be different. She believes that if such a predominance does not exceed 10 times, then the trees can be classified as female.
Many researchers note that the initial period of fruiting is characterized by a vigorous increase in the number of female shoots and yields, then these indicators change slightly for quite a considerable time, being at a maximum (during the period of highest seed productivity) and at the end of life they intensively decrease.
The specific timing of these stages and the quantitative values of yields are determined by the characteristics of the origin of forest stands, their composition, completeness and growing conditions. It is therefore not surprising that there are large discrepancies in such data for different geographical areas. This especially applies to determining the period of maximum productivity of tree stands and the duration of seeding.
V.A. Povarnitsyn (1944) noted that fruiting of cedar plantations begins at 70 and lasts up to 220-250 years, rarely longer. Most researchers believe that cedar fruiting lasts much longer. M.F. Petrov (1961a) gave numerous examples indicating abundant fruiting of cedar forests in 300-350 and even 400-450 years. According to him, a sharp decrease in fruiting from 200-250 years can occur only under the most unfavorable growth conditions.
F.A. Solovyov, A.I. Iroshnikov and others also pointed out very long fruiting. At the same time, A.I. Iroshnikov and other researchers identify the period of maximum yield or, as T.P. Nekrasova (1972) calls it, the apogee of seed production . Thus, the maximum seed production for the Leno-Ilim interfluve is 180-220 years, for the Eastern Sayan 250 years, Transbaikalia 220-260 years and 160-200 years (western part), for the northern regions of Western Siberia 180-230 years, for the southern pine forests near the villages Western Siberia 140 and taiga - 170 years, for the middle sub-belts of Altai 220-280 and 240-280 years.
Noteworthy is the discrepancy in data not only when comparing different geographical areas, but also for the same areas among different researchers. The latter can apparently be explained by the strong variability of yields across years and types of plantings.
The dynamics of the number of female shoots in the crown more easily reflects the relationship between nut production and age than actual yields, since the number of shoots, to a lesser extent than yields, depends on weather conditions, which fluctuate from year to year. However, as noted, with age, the nut productivity of plantations often decreases more strongly from a decrease in the number of fruit-bearing trees than from a decrease in the nut productivity of individual trees. Therefore, to correctly identify the relationship between seed production and the age of plantings, it is necessary to know the dynamics of the number of female shoots not only in trees, but also per unit area.
An increase in seed productivity with the maturation of a tree is manifested not only in connection with an increase in the total number of female shoots, but also in an increase in the generative ability of each shoot, expressed by the seed energy indicator - the number of cones (or traces) on one shoot. The relationship of this indicator with age in the green moss pine forests of the middle taiga subzone of Western Siberia is characterized by the following data: at the age of 130 years, the number of cones on one shoot (on average) is 1.32; 145 years - 1.59; 150 - 1.69; 170 - 1.89; 175 - 1.55; 230 years - 1.15. It can be seen that the seed production energy index gradually increases with age, reaches a maximum value and then decreases, and the decrease in seed production energy begins before the destruction of the crown.
The maximum age for seed production of Siberian pine, based on research materials from the 1930s, was determined to be 220-250 years. In the Urals it was recorded at 400-500 years old; in the Urals (in the Pechora-Ilychsky Nature Reserve) at 300 years; in Altai at 480 years. However, according to T.P. Nekrasova, a high yield of cones over the age of 300-350 years (and sometimes 200-250 years) is maintained due to the power of the crown (although there is a beginning decrease in seed production energy per shoot).
T. P. Nekrasova (1972) believes that optimal growing conditions help identify potential opportunities for the generative process in Siberian pine. The author defined their extreme limits as 20-25 (beginning of seed production) and 600 years (end). T.P. Nekrasova, like many other researchers, emphasizes the negative impact of swampiness on growth and seed production. Under these conditions, the fruiting period of cedar trees is shorter than on drained soils. But with the deterioration of growth conditions, a decrease in the duration of fruiting is not always observed. In some cases, pine forests that are less productive in growth are characterized by a longer period of high yields. This phenomenon was noted by A.I. Iroshnikov in the northwestern part of the Eastern Sayan when comparing the fruiting of sedge and reed-tall grass pine forests with blueberry forests. It turned out that blueberry pine trees, which were less productive in terms of growth, had a longer period with high seed yields.
According to the research of A.I. Iroshnikov (1978), it was established that with a maximum yield per 1 hectare in green moss pine forests in 200-220 years, the maximum average increase in the gross mass of the crop during the nut harvest period is 350 years of age in high-density forest stands and 330 -year-old in medium-fullness, i.e. 120-150 years later. In the range from 160 to 280 years, the average annual yield does not deviate from the maximum by more than 15%. These deviations are within the accuracy of yield determination.
