Long-burning fireplace stoves. Fireplaces for the home - operating principle and design features Fireplaces and stoves for heating a country house

How to choose?

How to choose the right stoves and fireplaces

Every person wants to have his own home, a house needs strong walls, a reliable roof, warmth and comfort. There is hardly an alternative to the living, good warmth of a stove or fireplace.

You can heat with gas (if there is a gas pipeline), you can use electricity, but the joy of communicating with living nature, the joy of power over fire, can only be given to you by a stove or fireplace in the house.

A home where fire lives is a timeless thing.

Climate
When choosing heating for your home, do not forget about the climatic conditions.
A normal winter in the middle zone lasts about six months. During this time, frosts are repeatedly replaced by thaws. Even the last month of spring - May can bring a surprise in the form of frost or snow. However, for the owner of a house with a stove or fireplace, neither the vagaries of nature nor interruptions in electricity or gas supply are scary.

Today there is a large selection of different designs of stoves and fireplaces - from traditional Russian stoves and Dutch ovens to ultra-modern fireplaces.

Operating mode
First of all, when choosing a particular model, the owner of the house determines the mode of operation of his home; Based on this, you need to choose a stove, fireplace or combined system.
Our ancestors began designing their home with a stove. And this is a very important condition for a technically competent installation of a heating device. At the stage of developing a house project, it is much easier to take into account all the conditions necessary for constructing a foundation “for centuries” and calculating the height and width of chimneys.
At the beginning of building a house, it is easy to fit into the interior a combined stove-fireplace that heats two rooms at once (for example, the fireplace goes into the living room, and the stove-stove with oven goes into the kitchen). With this arrangement, the home owner does not have to fear any frosts or power outages. It is enough to take care of the supply of firewood in time - and you will not be afraid of either cold or hunger.

Style
This fact is also important: a beautiful, neatly folded stove or fireplace is a wonderful decoration for the interior of your home.

Strictly speaking, there are not so many selection criteria: if the design and design (i.e. the choice of portal or cladding) depend entirely on your imagination and the depth of your wallet, then only the correct choice of oven power will not allow you to be disappointed in your choice.

Fireplace stove power
It is determined by the volume of the room that will be heated by the stove: an approximate, rough, but quite sufficient calculation is: 1 kW per 14 cubic meters.

Firewood for the fireplace stove
The rated power of stoves is given for the condition of using high-quality fuel; in the case of firewood, this is firewood with a moisture content of 20 percent (this is firewood that was prepared in winter, stored in a dry place and put into use the following winter). How important this is can be seen from the example: 1 kg of firewood with a humidity of 0% will give 5 kW of heat, normal firewood (humidity 20%) - 3.8 kW, and freshly harvested firewood (humidity 60%) only 1.5 kW. (for different types of firewood, specific kilowatts vary insignificantly, but the ratio for different humidity levels remains practically unchanged).

Which modes are better
In maximum power mode, furnaces cannot operate for a long time, 2-3 hours - no more, otherwise the furnace will overheat with many unpleasant consequences, so it is more important to pay attention to the nominal (average) power - this is the operating power of the furnace, at this power the furnace can operate for a very long time (naturally, with a report of firewood). But the minimum is exactly the power at which the stove will heat for the maximum number of hours on one load of firewood.

Stoves, fireplaces and their features
A fireplace stove is a modern, highly efficient heating device that combines the qualities of an open fireplace with the safety and efficiency of a closed stove. In essence, this is a real, ready-to-use fireplace, but it is quite compact, efficient and does not require an additional foundation for installation.
Fireplace stoves are made of sheet steel or cast iron, the combustion chamber is lined with fireclay refractory bricks, and the firebox door is equipped with large transparent heat-resistant glass.

The outside of fireplace stoves are painted with heat-resistant paint and lined with stone or ceramics.

Like Brenerans, fireplace stoves operate on the principle of a heater. The air in contact with the firebox instantly heats up and comes out of the upper grates with force, quickly spreading pleasant warmth throughout the room.
The efficiency of such fireplaces is several times higher than traditional fireplaces with an open firebox, and they are much cheaper to install.

Convenient adjustment knobs make it easy to set the required temperature and fuel saving mode in your home.

Elegant and stylish, fireplace stoves will fit well into any interior, and a variety of models will allow you to choose the stove that is most suitable for your interior.

Manufacturers
The Russian market offers stoves and fireplaces from both domestic manufacturers and companies from near and far abroad.
The main domestic manufacturers: JSC "ProkK Energotex" (currently renamed JSC "LAOTERM") - Neman fireplaces and a new model with an increased view of the fire Munich; group of companies "Meta" - fireplaces Angara, Volga, Ladoga, Neva, Onega, etc. (some models have modifications with ceramic inserts on the sides of the fireplace).
The Belarusian-German joint venture Vitep also produces similar products. The Ecofireplace company also presents Bavaria cooking stoves and fireplaces.
Models differ in installation location (corner and wall), the shape of doors and glass (straight, semicircular, bay window), dimensions, power and the presence of a stove or oven.
One of the leading areas of the BELLA THALIA group is the production of fireplace stoves. Fireplace stoves are manufactured using imported components in accordance with German technological standards and adapted to climatic conditions in Russia. Guaranteed quality is harmoniously complemented by an affordable price.

Group BELLA THALIA
It began its activities in the design, production and sale of fireplace stoves more than ten years ago. The company's production shops employ professional craftsmen who use their experience, the latest developments and technologies to manufacture fireplace stoves.

The BELLA THALIA group also has its own production facility, where fireplace inserts are assembled under the BELLA THALIA™, EUROKAMIN™ and ARDENNES™ trademarks. All fireboxes are certified and have a guarantee if installation and operation requirements are met. In 2006, two unique products designed and manufactured based on BELLA THALIA™ fireboxes went on sale. This is a DUET fireplace set - a combination of a firebox with a cladding, the decor of which uses artificial stone, which has high heat resistance and heat capacity. Another new product is a fireplace stove that does not require additional cladding - VIKING.

Fireplace stove installation
To protect the glass from contamination, the firewood must be placed so that the cut surface faces to the side. The fireplace stove must be installed in rooms with sufficient air flow necessary for combustion. The chimney must be high enough (at least 5 m). It is permissible to connect only one more oven in the same pipe. The diameter of the smoke channel must be equal to the diameter of the smoke exhaust pipe of the OXTA fireplace stove or exceed it. The dimensions of indentations and grooves when installing a fireplace stove must comply with the requirements of SNiP 2.04.05-91. The floor on which the fireplace is placed must be flat and horizontal, made of non-combustible materials and difficult to combustible materials under the door of the combustion chamber and the tray for collecting and removing ash must be protected by a steel sheet measuring at least 700x500 mm. Thickness of at least 0.5mm. The fireplace stove must be installed in such a way that the temperature of the surrounding combustible materials during operation of the device does not exceed 50 °C. It is prohibited to install fireplace stoves in industrial premises of categories A, B, C, as well as in garages and other premises with available fuels and lubricants.

Wood-burning stoves-fireplaces are all-rounders that can be used to decorate a room, as a backup heater in case of gas or power outages, and as the only heating device in a private home.

Features of fireplace stoves:

better price and simpler installation compared to installing a classic fireplace (no foundation or cladding required);
use free space sparingly;
working stoves/fireplaces can be left unattended;
when moving, the equipment can be dismantled and taken with you;
many models can replace not only a heating boiler, but also a stove;

Types of fireplace stoves

Depending on the material, the entire array of fireplace stoves can be divided into three groups.

Cast iron fireplace stoves attract with their reliability and durability. The alloy is not afraid of temperature changes, so the stove does not “drive” even with sudden heating and cooling. Yes, cast iron fireplace stoves take longer to heat up, but they heat the air more evenly and release heat for a long time after the wood has burned out. The design of cast iron models is predominantly classical with Baroque and Gothic elements. But you can also find models in a modern style, in particular, there are many of them among the products of the brands Dovre, Invicta, Liseo and Supra.

Steel stoves-fireplaces lighter than cast iron - compact models can be installed on upper floors without additional reinforcement of the floors. They have a more diverse range and more interesting design (many products with decorative cladding). A steel fireplace stove can warm up a room in 15-20 minutes, which is valuable for those who rarely travel out of town: you don’t have to wait long for a cold house to feel comfortable without outerwear. But the fireplace stove also cools down quickly. Steel is also more capricious than cast iron: it tolerates temperature fluctuations and humidity less well. Although these disadvantages are practically negated by the lining of the combustion chamber and the outer lining.

Combined stoves and fireplaces- with a steel body and a cast iron firebox (sometimes also a stove/door/grid) or, less often, vice versa - they combine the advantages of both materials. They weigh less than all-cast iron products, while in terms of heat transfer and strength they outperform steel stoves. Cast-iron-steel models can also have lining and cladding that improve the performance and appearance of fireplace stoves.

How to choose a fireplace stove by function

First you need to decide what exactly you need a fireplace stove for. This will help you understand which features are important and which you can save on, and more accurately set up filters in the catalog.

Heating

If you plan to heat your house/part of the house with a fireplace stove, then the power of the equipment is of primary importance. On average, heating 20-25 m3 requires 1 kW of power. Accordingly, you need to calculate the volume of rooms in need of heating (area × height) and divide it by 20 (by 25). But this is in ideal (read - almost unattainable) conditions. In reality, power is “taken away” by poor thermal insulation, large windows, complex house configuration, and poor quality firewood. Therefore, in order not to freeze in winter and avoid excessive fuel consumption, it is worth choosing a fireplace stove with a power reserve of 10-30%.

Recommended Features and Options:
all-welded/solid-cast body, small tightly closing door - the fewer joints and seams, the better the tightness, respectively, draft and heat dissipation;
Efficiency is above 70% (ideally 80-90%);
air is taken from the street to eliminate oxygen deficiency;
there is a long burning mode;
you can connect a water circuit (when there are many isolated rooms in the house, it is difficult to “deliver” heat to all corners through convection).

Fire review

If you like to look at the fire, choose fireplace stoves with glazed doors and sides. When installed near a wall or in a corner, better visibility will be provided by models with panoramic or prismatic glass, with two or three glasses; in the center of the room - with two parallel or four glasses. The “clean glass” system will not be superfluous, as it will eliminate the tedious struggle with soot.

If the fireplace stove will be in the basement, garage or kitchen and will perform purely utilitarian functions, then you can choose a product with a blank door or with small glass. Such models are affordable, compact, easy to maintain and durable, so they are in great demand.

Cooking food

A wood-burning stove-fireplace is a convenient and safe alternative to autonomous gas stoves (powered by propane cylinders) for summer cottages where gas and electricity are not supplied. In addition, if you cook on the same equipment that heats your home, you can save on fuel.

There are two types of stove-fireplaces for the kitchen - only with a hob and with a hob and oven. The latter are inferior in style diversity to the former and are more expensive. But at the dacha you can pamper your family with homemade casseroles, stewed porridge and cabbage soup, and baked goods with berries from your own garden.

What to pay attention to:

Stove material - what suits you best, “indestructible” cast iron, practical steel or elegant glass ceramics;
the size of the hob and the number of burners - if you only plan to heat food and boil water, then one burner will be enough; It’s more convenient to cook on stoves with two burners;
oven dimensions - in high ovens (for example, in La Nordica Italy, Hark Regina ovens), you can cook on different levels and place 2 dishes (3-4 baking sheets) at the same time;
Is there a cover that protects the hob from dust (needed if you rarely use the stove).

Installing a fireplace stove in the house

The efficiency of a fireplace stove directly depends on proper installation. At Pech.ru you can not only choose a model suitable for your purposes from more than 2,000 options (with certificates and a guarantee from the manufacturers), but also order professional installation of heating equipment. Work guarantee – up to 2 years.

Our specialists:
will determine the best location for installing the fireplace stove and the method of exhausting the chimney;
select the chimney and components for installation;
they will make a heat-resistant base and, if necessary, fire-resistant wall cladding(s);
they will deliver, assemble and install the fireplace stove, connect it to the chimney;
will conduct a test run and demonstrate the capabilities of the stove-fireplace.

If you don’t have a clear favorite in the catalog, our consultant will help you choose. We have been in the stove business for more than 10 years and value our good reputation. Therefore, we do not set ourselves the task of selling more expensive or less popular goods, but focus on the needs and budget of the client.

A country house is the dream of many of our contemporaries. Far from the city noise and exhausting activity of big cities, you want to be alone with your loved ones, surrounded by natural contrasts. A modern country house is an area where you can devote yourself to comfort, coziness, and relaxation. Comfort and coziness make up many things, stoves and fireplaces are no exception. This is not only a source of heat, but also an opportunity to contemplate a live fire on quiet evenings, sitting in a cozy chair and throwing a warm blanket over yourself. An impressive picture, isn't it? And there is every opportunity to fulfill this idea. However, it is worth considering some features that are important when developing an interior project with a fireplace. What will it be like, where can it be placed, how to avoid the risk of fire spreading, what material to use for construction, what functions will the fireplace perform?

Features and Benefits

Needless to say, the main functionality of a fireplace stove is to provide warmth for the home? The source of heat in a Russian hut also served as a place for preparing food - bread was baked in the oven, porridge was cooked. Over time, the actualization of functionality was reduced to two segments - the spread of heat in the home and a bold “two-in-one” design experiment with an open fire.

A properly developed project will allow you to combine both possibilities; it is enough to use proven materials that confine the fire in one place, or use fire-resistant design structures that open up a view of the flame. The main material for the firebox is quite accessible - firewood and solid fuel. In any case, in a country house the principle of combining a heating system and decorative possibilities is observed: a firebox made of fire-resistant materials will allow you to admire the hot flames, creating the ambience of a magical evening.

photos

Varieties

Fireplace stoves will always be relevant. More often in a country house they are made of refractory brick or stone. These materials have many advantages. Firstly, they do an excellent job of distributing heat throughout the home. Secondly, a fireplace made of stone or red brick looks very impressive in any home.

There are many styles that you can use to create a special interior using a fireplace stove: Venetian, classic, rustic, modern, you can develop your own creative style design. There are several types of fireplace stoves for the home: with a heat exchanger, with a hob, with coolant, “eco”, double-circuit, mini.

The basic principle of operation of a fireplace with a heat exchanger or coolant is to uniformly provide the house with heat. For this design, cast iron or steel is used, from which a closed chamber is prepared, which, in turn, “closes” the fire from spreading.

The heat exchanger pipes use at least 40 liters of water - when heated, it circulates through those areas of the room where the pipes are installed. Such a stove is considered safe, and the heated water can be used for domestic needs. And another big plus is that this design can be considered as an alternative to central heating or a gas analogue of the heating system.

Fireplace stoves with hobs are a good find for rooms with a small area. The design allows you to save square meters, because it is a kind of hybrid of a fireplace and a “potbelly stove” - you can heat the house and cook food. It can serve as both an oven and a clothes dryer. For such a stove, it is important to determine its place in the house and choose the right starting materials. Most often, fire-resistant brick, stone and steel are used for the construction of such structures.

photos

If for some reason the listed fireplace options are not satisfactory, you can consider installing an Eco-fireplace. It can be installed in any room of a country house. It is compact, convenient and is considered not only a source of warmth and comfort, but also a good mood.

The main advantages are the small size of the fireplace and the absence of a chimney. Such designs require an ethyl alcohol fuel block, which can be infused with aromatic ingredients and soot-free bioethanol, and in a beautiful design.

This fireplace is a decoration for any home. It is somewhat reminiscent of an improved “Ilyich lamp” - modern designers offer bold options for modernizing this once popular model of heat and light source.

You can build a double-circuit fireplace stove in your home - it will keep the house warm for a long time. Or you can opt for a mini-oven, which will serve not only as a source of heat, but also as a place where you can grill meat and bake vegetables.

You can consider the option of a double-circuit fireplace stove. Fireclay bricks are used for the interior, and red brick or natural stone for the exterior. The outer part can be covered, giving a beautiful and aesthetic appearance.

Device and design

The main part of the fireplace stove is its firebox. It is placed inside the housing and is most often made of cast iron. Fireclay bricks are used for finishing - it protects cast iron from high temperatures that have a destructive effect on the metal. The firebox has a door - thanks to this hole, fuel is added. The door can be made of special glass in any design, and then you can admire the safe flames.

Also, for proper operation of the structure, a chimney is required - it must be vertical, at least five meters high, in order to provide the necessary draft force. The chimney can be made of brick, but increasingly a metal pipe is used for these purposes. As an option - stainless steel sandwich pipes with basalt wool insulation. For the integrity of the structure, you will need a thermal casing and a second afterburning chamber.

How to choose?

Before installing a fireplace stove in a country house, you need to decide - what is it for? If for heating, the presence of a heat exchanger should be taken into account. If for design purposes, determine the part of the house where such a design will look most impressive. If the country house is made of timber, the best material for the stove is brick.

The classic version of a brick fireplace brings warmth and comfort to your home. Proper masonry and correctly selected bricks allow you to retain heat even after the fire in the stove has gone out. One fireplace can heat a two-story house: for example, a version of a traditional English fireplace with an open firebox. Or a closed modern fireplace made of fireproof glass.

Heating of the second floor occurs due to air convection - the heated layers are lifted upward through heat-insulated air ducts. You can use special grilles in the floor between the second and first floors so that warm air can pass through them unhindered. In a log house, it is advisable to have not only a beautiful, but also a safe fireplace. At a minimum, use an insulating stone wall. It can be made in an excellent design solution.

How to position it correctly?

A corner fireplace stove is one of the most common options. The choice of location will ensure further air exchange and, accordingly, good heating. This option can perform several functions, including cooking and decorative. If there is a question of heat distribution in several rooms of the home, you should install the stove in the openings of the partitions separating the rooms.

A “fairytale” Russian stove with a deck can be a good example, and the heat distribution effect can be improved by using ventilation holes in rooms that are adjacent. If there is not enough space, the fireplace stove is installed in the center of the main room, but it should be spacious, and flammable objects should be kept at a distance. In the center of an octagonal house, the fireplace stove can be placed either in the corner, against the wall, or in the center of the room. In any case, the location of the structure is an important factor in maintaining safety in the home.

In our online store you can always buy long-burning stoves and fireplaces. We are pleased to offer models that are ideal for the garden or home. It is also important that we do not inflate the cost of products. You can easily choose the right product. All that remains is to order the required amount of firewood to ensure the fireplace burns.

Fireplace stoves: reasons for popularity

Wood-burning fireplaces for a country house or cottage are indispensable in the cold season. With their help, you can create a comfortable and cozy atmosphere even on the most chilly rainy day. Just imagine sitting down in front of the fireplace in the evening and enjoying your relaxation. It will be especially interesting with your family. In front of a standard or corner wood-burning fireplace, you can have pleasant conversations and gradually immerse yourself in pleasant bliss.

The models we offer are compact, productive and at the same time inexpensive. Having installed a stove in your dacha, you can only be surprised that you didn’t do this earlier! With the help of a fireplace for your cottage, you will fill the space with amazing comfort.

Which wood-burning fireplaces should you choose for your home or cottage?

Fireplaces are presented in a wide range. Our store takes care of all customers (including those on a limited budget). Making a choice will not be difficult.

1. Familiarize yourself with the appearance of the devices. Corner and other fireplace models are supplemented with photos.
2. Pay attention to power. A fireplace stove that burns for a long time must quickly warm up the room.
3. Explore other characteristics of the models.

We sell wood-burning fireplaces for cottages and other properties, differing in:

1. Ease of use. Fireplace stoves for summer cottages are as easy to use as possible.
2. Compact size. You can install a fireplace even in a small house.
3. Safety of use. Modern technologies are used to develop stoves for cottages and other objects.
4. Excellent heat transfer performance. Long burning is not the only advantage of fireplace stoves. The models quickly provide heat to even large rooms.
5. Attractive appearance. You can always order a corner or standard model in accordance with the interior of the room.

Advantages of ordering long-burning wood-burning fireplaces (stoves) in our store

1. A wide range of fireplaces and stoves for the country house or cottage.
2. Optimal cost. You can choose stoves for a modern country house even on a limited budget.
3. Convenient online catalogue. Each fireplace (long burning) is supplemented with an image and description.
4. Help with choosing. Don’t know which fireplace stove to order in our online store? Just contact the specialists. They will help you choose suitable wood-burning devices.
5. Prompt delivery in Moscow and other cities.

Choose! All presented wood-burning fireplaces for the home deserve your attention.

Heating a country house and cottage during the cold season is one of the most pressing problems for any owner.

Long-burning wood-burning stoves and fireplaces for summer cottages allow you to do this efficiently and economically.
And the fact that you can fold them with your own hands makes this design one of the most popular among homeowners.

In this article we will describe in detail step-by-step instructions for laying a fireplace stove for a summer house, and find out what the technical features of the design are.

Analyzing in detail the diagram of the fireplace and stove, we have repeatedly said that one of the main elements of the heating structure is the firebox, chimney and ash pan.

So, the peculiarity of long-burning stoves is precisely that they do not have an ash pan through which cold air is drawn in.

The ash pan not only serves as a ash pan, but also allows for systematic cleaning of the fireplace from ash and ashes. Here the principle of operation is such that there are practically no combustion products left.

And the wood-burning stove is supplied with oxygen, which is directly involved in the combustion process of the stove, through a special hole. This is a kind of supply pipe that allows you to regulate the flow of oxygen and, accordingly, influence the combustion intensity of the stove.

The key to a long-burning fireplace stove is the need to provide sufficient oxygen. This will allow you to maintain stable combustion of the fuel in the chamber and ensure economical consumption of firewood.

The operating principle of a long-burning wood-burning fireplace stove is similar to a pyrolysis unit, where the main heat is generated not from the combustion of wood or coal, but from the gasification of solid fuel. And although in this article we are considering structures heated with wood, the principle for all long-burning units will be similar.

The combustion process itself takes place in a closed space, from where wood gas is released through a special pipe. Then the heated gas goes to the second, where it mixes with secondary air pumped in by a fan.

This ensures a continuous process that continues until the wood is completely burned. In this case, the combustion temperature sometimes reaches 1200 degrees. In this case, raw materials are consumed very slowly, as needed, which significantly increases the efficiency of such a fireplace stove.

The high efficiency (80-85%) of long-burning fireplace stoves is also achieved due to the favorable location of the heat exchanger, which is a water jacket.

The device helps to evenly heat the water circuit around the entire perimeter, increasing heat transfer. The temperature of the exhaust gases usually does not exceed 130-150 degrees. The heat released in the fireplace warms up the coolant as efficiently as possible.

Considering that smoldering occurs extremely slowly, long-burning fireplaces, unlike pyrolysis stoves and boilers, are not so demanding on the quality and moisture content of the fuel. Of course, productivity will also decrease with wet wood (more than 30%), but it will not drop as much as in a pyrolysis boiler.

Many models work on the basis of bulk wood substances (sawdust, wood chips), on peat briquettes or on the basis of wood pieces and sections. But these are rather factory models. But it is better to heat structures made by yourself with wood.

The long-burning stove model itself appeared on the market relatively recently. At the beginning of the 21st century, the Stropuva company, thanks to engineer Edmuntas Štropaitis, found a solution to the problem of constantly adding fuel to the boiler.

It was he who first came up with the idea of ​​supplying oxygen from above, which made long-term combustion possible. Today, this is the most practical device for heating a summer house, the performance level of which reaches 70 and sometimes 100%.

Design Feature

But not only high performance is the advantage of this design.

The whole point of long-term burning is that not the entire stack of firewood burns out at the same time, as happens in a classic stove, but only the top layer.

This becomes possible due to air intake from above, and not from below through the ash pan. Thus, fuel combustion occurs gradually, in its upper layer. When this layer burns out, a new portion of oxygen is supplied through the regulator, and exactly as much as is needed for the combustion of the top layer. This ensures such a burning duration and the ability to control the process.

The main point in a fireplace stove is maintaining long-term combustion, during which the fuel elements completely disintegrate. As a result of this process, large volumes of hot gases are formed and a large amount of heat is steadily released.

The implementation of secondary afterburning occurs in the second chamber (upper).

In the fuel chamber, where the firewood is placed, the primary combustion of the fuel occurs. Hot smoke rises up the pipe and burns out completely. To stimulate the secondary combustion of wood, the design provides for the presence of pipes through which oxygen flows.

Today, two long-term combustion systems implemented in such devices have become widespread. These are the Canadian system Buleryan and the Baltic Stropuva. At the same time, the Burelyan system is very popular in our country due to its small dimensions and low price. But the Stropuva system is less common due to its high price and large number of technical parameters.

Traditionally, the Burelyan system (this is the technology that will be used in the long-burning stove-fireplace we are describing) is a small stove consisting of two chambers.

The main combustion of wood occurs in the lower chamber, resulting in the formation of wood gas. When heated, it rises and enters the second chamber, which is located above the first.

Here, diffusion of hot gas with air and secondary combustion occur.

Another difference from a traditional fireplace stove is the location of the firebox door. If it is usually attached from below, then here the design will be slightly different.

The burning time itself suggests that the process will require a large amount of firewood, which must be located somewhere.

It is for this purpose that the lower chamber (or firebox) should be large, and the door through which firewood is placed should be located high enough.

In a fireplace stove, the ash pan plays a purely technical role and is intended to clean the stove from residual ash, of which very little remains after double combustion of the fuel. Considering the fact that air enters through a special hole located in the upper part of the furnace, the ash pan door must be absolutely sealed.

Otherwise, there will be no question of any long-term combustion if oxygen comes from below the stove.

So, summarizing the design features of a long-burning fireplace stove, we can highlight the following points:

• large volume of combustion (loading) chamber;
• dividing the main firebox into two parts: upper and lower chambers;
• lack of blower;
• adjustable oxygen supply from above.

The higher the humidity of the wood, the lower the efficiency of the stove will be. Therefore, for combustion it is recommended to use fuel with a moisture content of no more than 20%.

Advantages and disadvantages of a long-burning fireplace stove

The design feature and operating principle of a long-burning fireplace stove determines its following advantages:

• High performance and efficiency.
• Autonomy of work. The fireplace stove can act as the main heating device.
• Economical fuel consumption.
• Environmental friendliness of the heating process.
• Complete combustion of fuel, which means almost complete absence of ash.
• Fast heating of the room.
• Saving time and resources.
• Ease of use. A good long-burning fireplace stove can operate for 6-8 hours from one load of firewood, without additional human intervention.

Flaws:

• High price compared to a regular classic fireplace stove.
• Given the long combustion process and the large volume of the loading chamber, the chimney should be as high and straight as possible.
• A homemade long-burning fireplace stove does not have a particularly decorative appearance.

This type of fireplace stove is ideal for heating a home. But if the stove is needed for cooking food or heating water, you should look for other options.

Types of fireplace stoves

Today on the market you can find many types of long-burning fireplace stoves, which differ not only in material, but also in size and method of purpose.

Classification by materials

1. Cast iron. One of the most popular models, characterized by high performance and durability. Their only drawback is their heavy weight and high price. One such stove will weigh at least 300 kg, so before installation you should take care of a solid base and strengthen the floor.

Despite some differences in modification and style, the operating principle of cast iron long-burning fireplace stoves is the same.

Some fireplaces are equipped with a glass door, which allows you to use the stove not only as a heating device, but also to sit comfortably in front of it, admiring the flames.

On the market you can also find long-burning models equipped with a hob, which use the principle of convection heating in their operation.

Cast iron stoves and long-burning fireplaces, depending on the size of the loading chamber and modification, are capable of operating on one load of firewood for up to 10 hours without intervention.

But for this, a mandatory condition must be met. The humidity of firewood placed in the firebox should be no more than 25%. Otherwise, the productivity of such a stove will drop sharply, and the firewood will quickly burn out.

When making your own long-burning cast iron stove, use material with a thickness of 6 to 25 mm. This design is not suitable for heating a large room, since cast iron has low thermal conductivity.

The advantage of this design is resistance to long interruptions in operation and resistance to corrosion. Paint, which may lose its appeal over time, is always easy to refresh.

When purchasing a cast iron long-burning wood stove with a hob, it is worth remembering that cast iron is a fairly fragile material. It is afraid of sudden changes in temperature; if it cools suddenly, cracks may appear on it. You should also not allow cold water to spill on a surface made of cast iron.

With proper care and proper operation, long-burning cast iron stoves and fireplaces can last for decades, giving dacha owners comfort and warmth.

If metal stoves can be easily dismantled, transported and reinstalled without damage to integrity and without loss of functionality, then this is difficult to do with a ceramic stove.

1. Combined. Such structures are usually made of cast iron and steel.

Metal is in no way inferior in its characteristics to ceramic models. It lends itself perfectly to heat treatment, which allows you to create a fireplace of any configuration. An undeniable advantage of long-burning metal fireplaces is their high productivity, which ranges from 85-90%.

If you make a stove of the same design from brick, its maximum efficiency will be 65-70%. That is why sheet metal is used to make such stoves with your own hands.

The metal stove heats up quickly, which allows you to quickly warm up your home upon arrival at your dacha during the cold period.

For comparison, in a brick stove of the same design, about 25% of the thermal energy will be lost to the atmosphere along with the smoke until it completely warms up and begins to release heat into the room.

Here the metal immediately begins to give off heat.

The metal does not become damp during downtime, which is especially important for dacha owners in the off-season period, when the owners go out into nature from time to time. Such a fireplace can be lit immediately in a cold and cold house, without preliminary heating fireboxes.

Due to the lack of heat flows in a metal furnace, flue gases quickly burn out within a small space. Therefore, by integrating additional parts in the form of a water circuit for heating water or heating a room, you can achieve much greater efficiency compared to its brick counterpart.

1. Long-burning brick stoves have a complex design and are laid out by hand on a separately built foundation. The main technical characteristics and performance of such structures directly depend on the skill of the stove maker.

Classification by purpose

Also, fireplace stoves differ according to the type of fuel used. There are combined models, which are the most practical solution, allowing you to heat your home with peat briquettes and firewood.

But in most cases, fireplace stoves are initially designed to burn a specific fuel.

Water loop design

A separate group of long-burning furnaces includes a design with a water circuit. This fireplace stove has many advantages. According to the principle of operation, this device resembles a solid fuel boiler.

The high performance of such furnaces is achieved due to the favorable location of the heat exchanger.

The design of the fireplace helps to heat the water jacket evenly around the entire perimeter. The temperature of the exhaust gases does not exceed 130-150 degrees. Due to this, the heat released in the furnace heats the coolant as efficiently as possible.

Due to the complexity of the design and volumetric dimensions, stoves with a water circuit are mainly used for heating large rooms and large country mansions. For a small dacha or a one-story house, it is simply not economically rational to purchase such a fireplace.

Choosing a long-burning stove-fireplace for a summer residence

As mentioned above, today you can buy a ready-made cast iron or steel stove structure - a long-burning fireplace for a summer residence, which will not be difficult to install in the house.

Let's look at the main selection criteria and look at the points you should pay attention to when purchasing.

1. Type of fuel.

This is one of the key points on which the effectiveness of the device depends. Not all raw materials are designed for long-term combustion. Firewood produces maximum performance when it burns quickly. But peat briquettes can give off heat for a long time, maintaining the desired temperature.

1. Boiler material.

An important parameter that affects the combustion duration and heat transfer efficiency. Today the market offers products made of steel, cast iron, and ceramics. Cast iron structures are more suitable for heating with wood.

The choice of stove material largely depends on the budget. Ceramic models cost quite a lot, but at the same time they do not in any way exceed the characteristics of cast iron or metal ones.

1. Furnace power. This parameter depends on the volume of the loading chamber, so when choosing, pay attention to its dimensions. The larger it is, the longer the boiler can burn with one load. This also ensures ease of use, because then you won’t have to throw new logs into the firebox every 2-3 hours.
2. Structure weight.

This criterion is important during installation. A cast iron fireplace will be almost 20% heavier than a steel one. Therefore, if you do not need to strengthen the floor, then it is better to give preference to a lighter steel stove.

A long-burning cast iron fireplace stove is the most optimal solution for heating a small house, representing something in between an expensive TT boiler and a conventional stove.

This design will allow you to efficiently heat the house, using a minimum of effort and raw materials. In addition, a modern model of such a fireplace will become a decorative highlight in the interior and will create an atmosphere of home comfort.

For proper and long-term operation, it must be cleaned of ash, not forgetting the chimney.

Installing a long-burning fireplace stove: step-by-step instructions

By following our detailed step-by-step instructions, you can easily install a long-burning fireplace. Although you can’t do this without an assistant, because the device weighs at least 50 kg.

Prepare the following tools and materials:

1. Locksmith set (adjustable, open-end, ring wrenches).
2. Building level.
3. Saw with disc.
4. Metal shield.
5. Screwdriver and set of bits.
6. Construction marker.

In addition to the stove, you will also need to purchase materials for connecting to the chimney. The choice of material depends on what kind of chimney you plan to make.

The optimal solution is d, which, depending on the location of the furnace, can be brought out through the wall or roof.

Stage 1. Determine the location of the fireplace stove

You immediately need to take into account the location for the chimney outlet, the arrangement of the foundation (base) and, of course, the feasibility of placing the heating device in this area.

The location for installing the boiler should provide convenient operation and direct access

Stage 2. Fire protection of the premises

1. The base on which the fireplace will be placed should be covered with a metal shield. Consider the dimensions of the shield and the stove, which should be 15 cm smaller than the metal base on each side.

If the fireplace power exceeds 50 kW, then it must be installed on a concrete screed foundation, which is separate from the main floor.

If the fireplace power is less than 50 kW, then it is permissible to install the stove on a rough concrete screed.

Before proceeding with the installation of the unit, be sure to check the level of inclination of the foundation with a building level.

It should be perfectly smooth. If necessary (if the floor is not level), a brick foundation should be laid. Check with a level not only horizontally, but also diagonally.

Stage 3. Installing a fireplace on a base

• Remove the fireplace stove from its original packaging and place it on the prepared base.
• Check with a building level how level the device is. Make sure that the gas outlet pipe is flush with the chimney pipe.
• If the line is not smooth, traction may be disrupted during operation.

Insert all the necessary elements of the oven provided by the design (ash pan, doors).

Stage 4. Connection to the chimney

If the stove is installed in a used house with a ready-made chimney system, then it will be enough to connect the outgoing pipe of the stove to the inlet pipe.

To avoid smoke in the room, it is necessary to carefully seal all joints with sealant. If the stove is being installed in the house from scratch, then you must first assemble a gas exhaust system.

Below we provide a diagram of assembling and connecting the stove to a chimney made of sandwich pipes.

Exiting the chimney through the ceiling

If you use ordinary single-circuit steel pipes to assemble the chimney, then on the outside of the house the chimney will definitely need to be insulated.

Ideally, the chimney should have a minimum number of bends, because each additional turn creates an obstacle to the natural draft of gases and reduces the performance of the boiler.

Try to tilt the horizontal section of the pipe at 45 degrees. If, for technical reasons, this cannot be done, then it is allowed to place the horizontal section at an angle of 15 to 30 degrees. In any case, it cannot be made even, otherwise it will interfere with normal traction.

• Connect the stove pipe to the first chimney pipe that runs horizontally. The diameter of the chimney pipe must be no less than the stove pipe. If these parameters are not met, the throughput of the gas duct at maximum power will decrease.

  

• Use a tee for branching.
• Bring the horizontal section through the wall and secure it to a bracket that will hold the entire pipe in a vertical position.
• Insulate the pipe passage through the wall with basalt fiber.
• Assemble the vertical part of the chimney using clamps to secure it to the wall.
• Bring the pipe above the roof and securely fix it in a vertical position.

  

• To prevent precipitation and debris from getting inside the pipe, cover the pipe with a cap.

  

With proper installation and connection of the stove, you will quickly appreciate its high performance and economical design, which will allow you to maintain a comfortable microclimate in your home.

Video. Installing a fireplace stove in a country house

Homemade long-burning metal stove

From the materials we will need:

• A round barrel that will serve as the body of the furnace. Do not use an old barrel with signs of corrosion - such a stove will not last long. The barrel must have thick walls to withstand high temperatures.
• Steel pipe.
• Construction level and marker.
• Hammer.
• Hacksaw for metal.
• Mallet.
• Channel.
• Axe.
• Sheet of steel.
• Welding machine.

The work process will be associated with a certain noise and dirt, so it is better to assemble such a stove on the street or in the garage.

1. We determine the location of the homemade stove.

   

   Considering its low external qualities, it is better to use a non-residential area for this. If the cottage is equipped with only one room, then the stove can be placed in the corner, creating a small decorative screen covering the structure.

2. Take a metal barrel and, using a marker, mark the top of the barrel along which you will need to cut off the top. Immediately determine how much tank volume is needed to store firewood. The more wood you add, the longer the stove will burn out.

   

3. Using a grinder, remove the top lid of the barrel.
4. Cut out “legs” for the barrel from pieces of reinforcement and weld them to the base. Make sure the barrel is in a perfectly horizontal position.
5. Now let's start making the chimney pipe. To do this, mark the top of the barrel for the pipe outlet and cut it out using a grinder.

   

6. Using sheet steel, make a pipe with a diameter of 100 mm and weld it to the circle.
7. Let's start making a clamping device, with the help of which the firewood will slowly smolder. We use the cut off top of the barrel for the clamping lid.

   

   Just first you need to cut off the sidewall. You will get a steel circle. Using a disc attachment on a grinder, grind this circle on all sides - it should fit smoothly inside the barrel.

8. We make a hole in the center of this circle, the diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the steel pipe.
9. Take the channel and make markings on it for 4 parts, which, like blades, will be welded to the steel circle of the lid.
10. Cut the channel into 4 parts with a grinder and weld them at equal distances along the diameter of the steel circle.
11. We weld the steel pipe in the center of the pressure circle.

    

12. We make a lid for the barrel from a sheet of steel, first marking it in accordance with the required diameter. In the center of the lid we make a hole for the pipe of the clamping device.

    

13. We are making a door for loading fuel, which, unlike a standard stove, will be located in the upper part of the body. You can buy a factory-made door, or you can make it yourself by welding it to the barrel.

    

14. Below the hole for loading fuel, mark another door through which you will systematically clean the stove from soot. Don't make it too big - it will be enough to fit your hand.
15. After the stove is ready, you need to make a separate brick base for it, ensure the fire safety of the adjacent walls and install the structure.

    

    Given the light weight of the steel structure, there is no need to build a separate foundation for the furnace. It will be enough to lay out a brick base that is larger than the oven itself.

16. We connect the homemade stove to the chimney.

    

    One rule applies here - put pipe sections on top of each other in the opposite direction of smoke movement.

In principle, at this point the structure can be considered ready for use. But during the heating process, you can notice how hot the walls of the stove become. Therefore, for ease of use and to ensure life safety, it is better to equip a protective screen.

The protective screen can be made of brick. For this, ordinary red brick is suitable, which should be laid at a distance of 10-15 cm from the walls of the oven. A brick screen, in addition to protection, will increase heat transfer even after the stove stops burning.

If you plan to install a homemade long-burning stove in a separate boiler room, connecting a heating system to it, then there will be no point in installing a protective screen made of brick.

Video. Homemade long-burning stove design

How to properly operate a homemade long-burning stove?

As you can see, it is not so difficult to make your own long-burning stove, which is highly efficient and fully autonomous. Of course, it can hardly be called home decoration, but for heating purposes with a minimum budget, it will show excellent results.