Adverbs in French. Adverb in French (general information)

OBTEYE (Ladverbe)

Section 171 OBTEYUYE NPTsEF RPSUOSFSH ZMBZPM, RTYMBZBFEMSHOPE YMY DTHZPE OBTEYUYE, OP YOPZDB PFOPUIFUS Y L UKHEEUFCHYFEMSHOPNH:

Il marchait lentement. Je suis très fatigué. Il est arrive trop tard. Vous avez fait beaucoup de fautes.

uENBOFYUEULBS LMBUUYZHYLBGYS OBTEYUYK (La classification sémantique des adverbes)

§ 172. rP OBYUEOYA OBTEYUS NPTsOP TBDEMYFSH ABOUT:

1. obteyus neufb: ici, là, devant, derrière, loin, près, partout, nulle part, en haut, en bas, au-dessus, au-dessous, dehors, ailleurs, etc.

2. READING: avant, après, aujourdhui, hier, demain, tard, tôt, toujours, souvent, jamais, ensuite, enfin, déjà, etc.

3. OBTEYUYS PVTBB DEKUFCHYS: bien, mal, ensemble, vite, ainsi, debout, exprès, par hasard, volontiers, etc., a FBLCE VPMSHYOUFCHP RTPYCHPDOSCHI OBTEYUYK ABOUT -ment: lentement, doucement, faiblement, etc.

4. OBTEYUYS LPMYUEUFCHEOOSCH: beaucoup, peu, un peu, trop, assez, plus, moins, tant, tellement, si, très, environ, etc.

5. about OBTEYUYS CHPRPTPUYFEMSHOSH: combien ? comment ? ou? quand? pourquoi?

6. obteyuis hfchettzdeois: oui, si, certes, certainement, bien sûr, assurément, sans doute, etc.

7. OBTEYUYS PFTYGBOYS: non, ne... pas, jamais, nulle part, aucunement, nullement, etc.

8. OBTEYUYS PZTBOYUEOYS: seulement, ne...que.

9. Obteyuis NPDBMSHOSHE: réellement, peut-être, probablement, vraiment, heureusement, naturellement, etc.

PUPVEOOPUFY KHRPFTEVMEOYS OBTEYUYK (Les particularités de lemploi des adverbes)

§ 173 NOPZP Y OE NPTSEF VSHFSH KHUIMEOP OILBLINE DTHZYN OBTEYUYEN: PYUEOSH NOPZP beaucoup; UMYILPN NOPZP trop; FBL NOPZP tant. rTY OELPFPTSCHI ZMBZPMBI, CHSTBTsBAEYI YUKHCHUFCHP, POP YNEEF OBYUEOYE PUEOSH:

Je laime beaucoup.

Beaucoup KHRPFTEVMSEFUS RTY ZMBZPME Y UHEEUFCHYFEMSHOPN, OP OYLPZDB RETED RTYMBZBFEMSHOSHCHN:

il lit beaucoup. Il a beaucoup de livres.

OBTEYUYE très (PYUEOSH) OYLPZDB OE NPTSEF PFOPUIFSHUS L ZMBZPMH Y KHRPFTEVMSEFUS FPMSHLP RETED RTYMBZBFEMSHOSHNY YMY OBTEYUSNY:

Il est très malade.

Elle danse très bien.

§ 174. obteyue jamais POBUBEF OILZDB:

Je noublierai jamais votre service.

h RTEDMPTSEOYY, ZDE OEF PFTYGBOYS, jamais NPTsEF PBYUBFSH LPZDB-OYVHDSH, LPZDB-MYVP:

As-tu jamais vu la mer? FSCHYDEM LPZDB-OYVHDSH NPTE?
Il était triste plus que jamais. ? according to VSHM ZTHUFEO VPMEE, YUEN LPZDB-MYVP.

A jamais RETECHPDYFUS OBCHUEZDB, OBCHELY(= pour toujours).

Toujours POBUBEF CHUEZDB:

Il est toujours gai.

OP CH UPUEFBOY Y OERTEDEMSHOSCHNY ZMBZPMBNY toujours NPTsEF RTYPVTEFBFSH OBYEOYE CHUE EEE:

Elle a regardé par la fenêtre: il lattendait toujours. ? pOB ChSCHZMSOHMB CH PLOP: PO CHUE EEE CDBM EE.

§ 175 IPTPYP(Elle danse bien), NPTSEF YNEFSH Y DTHZIE OBYUEOYS:

B) RETED RTYMBZBFEMSHOSHCHN Y OBTEYEN PUEOSH(=très):

Je suis bien fatigue. Il fait bien chaud;

B) RETED UHEEUFCHYFEMSHOSHCHN (bien des) NOPZP(= beaucoup):

Vous avez fait bien des fautes dans votre dictée;

H) YOPZDB bien SCHMSEFUS HUYMYFEMSHOPK (= TSE, CHEDSH) YMY UNSZYUBAEEK YUBUFYGEK RTY CHSTBTTSEOY RTPUSHVSHCH (OB TKHUULYK SSCHL POB NPTSEF OE RETECHPDYFSHUS:

Quest-ce que vous préférez? Le theater ou bien le cinema?
Tu vois bien que je suis seul. fShch CHEDSH CHYDYYSH, YuFP S PDYO.
Voulez-vous bien How about a question? pFCHEFSHFE, RPTsBMHKUFB, ABOUT NPK ChPRTPU.

§ 176. Même И tout NPZHF VShchFSH OE FPMSHLP OEPRTEDEMEOOSCHNY NEUFPYNEOSNYY RTYMBZBFEMSHOSHCHNY (UN. § 39 Y § 97), OP FBLCE CHSHCHUFKHRBFSH CH TPMY OBTEYUYK.

lBL OBTEYE même POBUBEF DBCE YOILZDB OE YNEOSEFUS: Vos observations, meme justes, mirritent. Il ne porte pas de chapeau, meme en hiver. rTY UKHEEUFCHYFEMSHOPN POP UFBCHYFUS RETED BTFILMAN. rTY ZMBZPME même UFBCHYFUS RPUME ZMBZPMB CH RTPUFPN CHTENEY, RPUME CHURPNPZBFEMSHOPZP ZMBZPMB CH UMPTSOPN CHTENEY Y RETED pas RTY PFTYGBOY:

Tous sont venus, meme les enfants. Je lis et je prends meme des notes. Jai son adresse et je lui ai memeécrit. Il ne ma meme pas répondu.

lBL OBTEYE tout POBUBEF UPCHUEN, UPCHETYOOOP, PUEOSH, CHEUSH, PFOPUYFUS L RTYMBZBFEMSHOPNH YMY OBTEYUYA Y UFPYF RETED OYN. Tout OBTEYE PVSHYUOP OE NEOSEF ZHTNSCH:

Il parlait tout bas. Ils sont tout emus et tout heureux.

yULMAYUEOYEN SCHMSEFUS EZP KHRPFTEVMEOYE RETED RTYMBZBFEMSHOSHCHNY TSEOULPZP TPDB, OBUYOBAEYNYUS U UPZMBUOPK YMY U h aspiré, U LPFPTSCHNY POP UPZMBUHEFUS CH TPDE Y YUYUME. uTBCHOYFE:

Il lit autant que moi. Il ne lit pas autant(tant) que moi.
Il a autant de livres que moi. Il na pas autant(tant) de livres que moi.
Il est aussi fort que moi. Il nest pas aussi(si) fort que moi.
Il se leve aussi tot que moi. Il ne se lève pas aussi(si) tôt que moi.

OBTEYUYS tant, si, tellement NPZHF CHSTBTSBFSH CHSHCHUPLHA UFEREOSH YOFEOUYCHOPUFY RTYOBLB. rTY LFPN tant UPYUEFBEFUS FPMSHLP U ZMBZPMBNY Y UKHEEUFCHYFEMSHOSCHNY, si U RTYMBZBFEMSHOSHNY OBTEYUSNY, a tellement NPTsEF CHSHCHUFKHRBFSH UYOPOYNPN si RTY ZMBZPMBI Y UYOP OINPN si RTY RTYMBZBFEMSHOSHCHI: Il laime tant (tellement): Il est si (tellement) available:

Il a tant (tellement) damis: Il fait si(tellement) sombre;

OBTEYE aussi CH OBYUEYE FPCE HRPFTEVMSEFUS FPMSHLP CH HFCHETDYFEMSHOSHI RTEDMPTSEOYSI; CH PFTYGBFEMSHOSHHI RTEDMPTSEOYSI aussi ЪБNEOSEFUS OBTEYUYEN non plus:

Section 178 Oui KHRPFTEVMSEFUS DMS PFCHEFB ABOUT CHPRTPU, ЪBDBOOSCHK CH KHFCHETDYFEMSHOPK ZHTNE, si DMS PFCHEFB ABOUT CHPRTPU, UPDETSBEIK PFTYGBBOYE. uTBCHOYFE:

pFTYGBOIE PE ZHTBOGKHULPN SJSCHLE YNEEF DCHE PUOPCHOSCHE ZPTNSCH: non І ne . Non HDBTOBS ZHTNB OBTEYUYS PFTYGBOYS, LPFPTBS KHRPFTEVMSEFUS UBNPUFPSPFEMSHOP. rTY PFTYGBFEMSHOPN PFCHEFE ABOUT PVEIK CHPRTPU POB UPPFCHEFUFCHHEF TKHULPNH PFTYGBBOYA OEF:

Veux-tu lui telephoner? ? Non.

rTY CHSTBTTSEOY RTPFYCHPRPUFBCHMEOYS non NPTSEF HUIMYCHBFSHUS RHFEN RTYVBCHMEOYS pas Y RETECHPDYFSHUS PVSHYUOP B OE:

Il faut lutter et non pleurer Je suis etudiant et non pasécolier.

Ne VEЪHDBTOBS PFTYGBFEMSHOBS ZHTNB, KHRPFTEVMSEFUS FPMSHLP RTY ZMBZPME CH UPUEFBOY UP CHFPTSCHN PFTYGBOYEN (pas, point, jamais, etc.) Y UPPFCHEFUFCHHEF THUULPNH OE:

Nous ne pleurons jamais.

Je ne suis pas écolier.

pVTBPBCHBOYE OBTEYUYK (La formation des adverbes)

§ 179. rP ZHTNE OBTEJUIS DEMSFUS ABOUT:

1) RTPUFSHCHE (Les adverbes simples): bien, mal, tard, hier, etc.

2) UMPTSOSHE (les adverbes composés), PVTBBPCHBOOSHE YI DCHHI YMY OELPMSHLYI UMPC: beaucoup, longtemps, toujours, en face, tout de suite, etc.

3) RTPYCHPDOSCHE (les adverbes dérivés), PVTBKHENSHCHE RPUTEDUFCHPN UKHZHJYLUB -ment: rapidement, lentement, etc.

Section 180 doux > douce > doucement; attentif > attentive > attentivement, etc.

eUMY RTYMBZBFEMSHOPE CH NHTSULPN TPDE PLBOYUYCHBEFUS ABOUT ZMBUOHA, FP -ment RTYVBCHMSEFUS OERPUTEDUFCHEOOP L ZHTNE NHTSULPZP TPDB: poli > poliment ; vrai > vraiment; rapide > rapidement, etc.

oELPFPTSHCHE OBTEYUYS RTEDUFBCHMSAF PUPVSHCHE UMHYUBY PVTBPBCHBOYS.

ъБРПНУФЭ:

uMEDHAEYE OBTEYUYS YNEAF é RETED UHJJYLUPN: profondément ZMHVPLP: commodément HDPVOP; aveuglément DIED; énormément NOPZP, PUEOSH; précisément FPYUOP Y OELPFPTSHCHE DTHZIE.

Section 181 prudent prudemment, patient patiemment; puissant puissamment, constant constamment.

pVTBFYFE CHAINBOYE! pVB PLPOYUBOYS -emment Y -amment RTPYOPUSFUS PDYOBLPCHP.

§ 182. h LBYUEUFCHE OBTEYUK RTY OELPFPTSCHI ZMBZPMBI HRPFTEVMSAFUS RTYMBZBFEMSHOSH bon, mauvais, haut, bas, fort, faux, juste, clair, cher, droit: parler (haut) bas ZPCHPTYFSH FYIP (ZTPNLP), coûter cher UFPYFSH DPTPZP, voir clair CHYDEFSH SOUP, chanter faux (juste) REFSH ZHBMSHYCHP (RTBCHYMSHOP), aller droit YDFY RTSNP, sentir bon (mauvais) RBIOKhFSH IPTPYP (RMPIP), etc.

pZTBOYUYUFEMSHOCK PVPPTPF (La tournure restrictive)

§ 183. UPYUEFBOYE ne U UPAЪPN que PVTBHEF FBL OBSCHCHBENSCHK PZTBOYUYUFEMSHOSHCHK PVPTPPF ne ... que, YNEAEIK FP TSE OBYUEOYE, YFP Y OBTEYUYE seulement (FPMSHLP). pFTYGBFEMSHOBS YBUFYGB ne UFBCHYFUS RETED ZMBZPMPN, B que RETED FEN UMPCHPN, L LPFPTPPNH PFOPUYFUS PZTBOYUEOYE.

Je nai achete que trois bills. with LHRYM FPMSHLP FTY VYMEFB.
Il ne reviendra quen Hiver. BY CHETOEFUS FPMSHLP JNPK.

uPUEFBOYE ne... pas que JNEEF OBYUEOYE OE FPMSHLP. uTBCHOYFE:

Il ne sinteresse quà FPMSHLP UCHPEK TBVPFPK.
Il ne sinteresse pasqua son travel. BY JOFETEUHEFUS OE FPMSHLP UCHPEK TBVPFPK.

chUFBCHOPE ne (Ne explétif)

Section 184 lFP CHUFBCHOPE ne. pOP CHUFTEYUBEFUS:

1).

Jai peur quil ne tombe malade.

2).

Telephone-lui avant quil ne parte. Je viendrai a moins que je ne tombe malade.

3) CH RTYDBFPYUSHI UTBCHOEOSHI:

Ce petit comprend plus que vous ne le pensez.

pVTBFYFE CHAINBOYE! h UPCHTENEOOPN ZHTBOGKHULPN SJSHLE KHRPFTEVMEOYE CHUFBCHOPZP ne CHUE VPMSHYE UFBOPCHYFUS ZBLKHMSHFBFYCHOSCHN.

UFEREOY UTBCHOOYS OBTEYUYK (Les degrés de comparaison des adverbes)

Section 185 FUS, LBL Y H RTYMBZBFEMSHOSHCHI (UN. § 45) U RPNPESHA UMKHTSEVOSCHI OBTEYUYK plus, moins, aussi, UFPSEYI RETED OBTEYUYEN, Y UPAЪB que RPUME OBTEYUYS DMS UTBCHOYFEMSHOPK UFEREOY Y UPUEFBOYS OBTEYUYK plus, moins U PRTEDEMOOOSCHN BTFIILMAN (CH PFMYUYE PF RTYMBZBFEMSHOSHCHI, FPMSHLP NHTSULPZP TPDB EDYOUFCHEOOPZP YUYUMB) DMS RTECHPUIPDOPK UFEREOY.

rPMPTSYFEMSHOBS UFEREOSH	uTBCHOYFEMSHOBS UFEREOSH	rTECHPUIPDOBS UFEREOSH
vite	plus vite que moins vite que aussi vite que	le plus vite le moins vite

Il marche plus vite que moi. Il marche moins vite que moi. Il marche aussi vite que moi.

Il marche le plus vite de nous tous. Il marche le moins vite de nous tous.

Section 186

bien IPTPYP	mieux MHYYYE	le mieux MHYUYE CHUEZP
beaucoup NOPZP	plus VPMSHYE	le plus VPMSHYE CHUEZP
peu NBMP	moins INDEPENDENT	le moins INVESTIGATE CHUEZP

pVTBFYFE CHAINBOYE! 1) OBTEYUYE bien YNEEF PUPVHA ZHTNKH CH UTBCHOYFEMSHOPK UFEREOY FPMSHLP RTY CHSTBTSEOY VPMSHYEK UFEREOY LBUEUFCHB, BRTY CHSTBTSEOY NEOSHYEK YMY TBCHOPK UFEREOY bien YNEEF PVSHYUO HA JPTNKH. uTBCHOYFE:

Je danse mieux (moins bien, aussi bien) que lui.

2) OBTEYUYE mal YNEEF PUPVSHCHE ZHTTNSH UTBCHOYFEMSHOPK Y RTECHPUIPDOPK UFEREOY pis, le pis, OP POY SCHMSAFUS KHUFBTECHYYNYY DMS UPCHTENEOOOPZP SJSHLB. OBTEYUYE pis CHUFTEYUBEFUS CH PUOPCHOPN CH KHUFPKYUCHSHI UPUEFBOYSI: de pis en pis CHUE IHTSE Y IHTSE; tant pis FEN IHZE.

3) THUULJE OBTEYUS VPMSHYE, UNOSHYE, MKHYYE, IHTSE NPZHF RETEDBCHBFSH UTBCHOYFEMSHOKHA UFEREOSH RTYMBZBFEMSHOSCHY OBTEYUYK. zhTBOGKHULYK SJNEEF DMS bFPZP TBMYUOSHE ZHTTNSHCH.

ъBRPNOFE: UTBCHOYFEMSHOBS UFEREOSH RTYMBZBFEMSHOPZP PFOPUYFUS L UKHEEUFCHYFEMSHOPNH, B UTBCHOYFEMSHOBS UFEREOSH OBTEYUS L ZMBZPMH. uTBCHOYFE:

neUFP OBTEYUYS CH RTEDMPTSEOYY (La place de ladverbe)

Section 187

1. h LBYUEUFCHE PVUFPSFEMSHUFCHB OBTEYUYE OE YNEEF UFTPZP ZHYLUYTPCHBOOPZP NEUFB.

OBTEYUYS NEUFB Y CHTENOY NPZHF UFPSFSH CH OBYUBME, CH LPOGEY DBCE CH UETEDYOE RTEDMPTSEOYS:

Dimanche, Nous partons à la campagne. Nous partons à la campagne dimanche. Nous partons dimancheà la campagne.

CHUEZDB UFPSF RETED ZMBZPMPN OBTEYUYS NEUFB en Y y :

rTY ZMBZPME CH RTPUFPN CHTENEY OBTEYE PVSHYUOP UFPYF RPUME ZMBZPMB:

Il marche lentement. Il voyait mal. Il partira loin.

h UMPTsOPN CHTENEY OBTEYE UFBCHYFUS PVSHYUOP RPUME participe passé:

Il a répondu police Il est sorti rapidement.

OP YNEEFUS TSD OBTEYUYK, LPFPTSCHE CH UMPTSOSHI CHTENEOBI UFBCHSFUS NETSDH CHURPNPZBFEMSHOSHN ZMBZPMPN Y participe passé: bien, mal, jamais toujours, souvent, longtemps, vite, peu, beaucoup, encore, , enfin , ainsi , assez , etc.: Il a mal fait. Il est déjà parti. Il a vite compris. Il ne lB jamais vu. Il a beaucoup souffert. Il nest pas encore venu.

Part 2

Nous recevons beaucoup de lettres. Où est la lettre dhier?

3. h LBUEUFCHE YNEOOOPK YUBUFY ULBKHENPZP OBTEYUYE UFPYF RPUME ZMBZPMB-UCHSLY:

Cest bien. Cest peu. Cest rare. Cest beaucoup.

1. Adverbs used as adverbs come after the verb in the simple tense: Nathalie voyage beaucoup. Natalie travels a lot. Je me lève tot. I get up early.

2. If the verb is used in one of the complex tenses, most adverbs are also placed after the participe passé of the conjugated verb: Notre équipe se traine sérieusement. Our team trains seriously. Elles sont arrivees tard. They arrived late.

3. The following adverbs are placed between the auxiliary verb and participe passé:

J"ai enfin fini. I finally finished. Il a mal compris. He understood poorly.

4. Adverbs of place en “from there” and y “there” always come before the verb:

Venez-vous de la banque? - Oui, j"en reviens. - Are you coming from the bank? - Yes, I'm coming from there.

Allez-vous à au magasin? - Oui, j"y vais. - Are you going to the store? - Yes, I’m going there.

Features of the use of some adverbs

1. The adverb très “very” never refers to a verb, it is used only before an adjective or other adverb: Cette nouvelle est très intressante. This news is very interesting. Je me love très rare. I wash my face very rarely.

2. In the meaning of “very,” with verbs expressing feelings, the adverbs bien and beaucoup are used instead of très: J "aime beaucoup (bien) mon pays. I love my country very much.

3. The adverb tout before the adjective means “at all”, “very”: Il est tout malade. He is completely sick.

Before feminine adjectives beginning with a consonant or h aspirè, tout agrees in gender and number with the word being defined: La fillette est toute petite. The girl is very small.

4. Adverbs aussi and non plus. The adverb aussi "also" is used only in an affirmative sentence: Jean a regardé ce film. Moi aussi. Jean saw this film. Me too.

The adverb non plus "also" is used only in a negative sentence:

Il n"a pas été en France et moi non plus. He was not in France, and neither was I.

Union. La connection

Conjunctions are divided, as in the Russian language, into: 1. clauses, connecting homogeneous members of a sentence or independent clauses; 2. subordinate clauses, connecting subordinate clauses with the main clause.

Basic coordinating conjunctions:

pourtant however	car because		alors then

Basic subordinating conjunctions:

		The subordinate clause introduced by this conjunction
	what to	subject, additional
		circumstances of the time
	while
	since
	until
parce que, puisque	because, from the fact that	circumstances reasons
		circumstances of the course of action
	in order to	circumstances of the goal
	in order to
	if, if	conditional
		concessive

Adverbs of manner

- words from Latin: bien (Fine), comme ( How), mal ( Badly), volontiers ( willingly), mieux ( better)…

- adjectives used as adverbs: haut ( loud), net ( It's clear), claire ( It's clear) …

- most of the adverbs of this group are formed according to the rule (except gentiment (cute) , educated not according to the rules):

Adverb formation:

feminine adjective + suffix –ment:

nouvelle – nouvellement ( again, recently, again);

petit – petitement (little, petty)

Special cases:

1) adjective that ends in the masculine gender with vowels -é, -i, -u do not have the letter e before the suffix –ment:

• vraiment (really, truly, truly),
• police (politely), moderation (modestly),
• absolute (absolutely).

Exception :

• gaiment (funny) .

2) in some adverbs formed from adjectives with a final u, accent circonflexe (roof) is placed above u:

• assidu - assidument ( diligently, diligently);
• congru - congrûment ( appropriate, accordingly),
• goulu - goulûment ( voraciously, greedily).

Exceptions:

• eperdument ( passionately, madly, uncontrollably),
• ingenument ( innocently, with an innocent look),
• resolution (decisively, firmly, boldly).

3) some adverbs formed from the feminine form of an adjective take é :

• précisément (exactly, exactly, just);
• obscurement (vague, vague, vague);
• expression (exactly, unambiguously; on purpose, specifically, intentionally);
• profondément (deeply; supremely, fundamentally).

Likewise, some adverbs formed from adjectives that do not change by gender:

• aveuglement ( blindly, recklessly, blindly);
• commodément (comfortable);
• énormément (excessively, extremely, very much, very much);
• immensement (immense, limitless);
• uniformity (monotonous, same);
• intensity (intensely, strongly).

4) adjectives –ant And –ent form adverbs with endings –amment And –emment(pronounced the same:

• savant – savamment ( scientifically, skillfully, skillfully);
• prudent – ​​prudence (carefully).

Exceptions :

• obligeamment ( helpful, attentive).

5) adverbs brièvement (briefly), grièvement (hard, dangerous), traîtreusement (treacherously, villainously) are formed from obsolete forms of adjectives.

Adverbs of time

• Quelquefois - sometimes, sometimes
• Parfois - sometimes
• Autrefois - formerly
• Sitôt - as soon as, after
• Bientôt - coming soon
• Aussitôt - immediately, immediately
• Tantôt - (today) afternoon
• D'antan - used as an addition. It is translated “last year”, but is often used to mean “before”.
• Naguère – recently
• Jadis - a long time ago
• Tout de suite - right away
• Tout à coup - suddenly
• Tout d'un coup - immediately, quickly
• Souvent - often
• Jamais - never
• Maintenant - now
• Tot - early
• Tard - late
• Aujourd'hui - today
• Hier - yesterday
• Demain - tomorrow
• Déjà - already
• Toujours - always

Adverbs of place

• Dedans - inside
• Dehors - outside
• Là - there
• Partout - everywhere
• Ici - here
• Quelque part - somewhere
• Ailleurs - elsewhere

Adverbs of assertion

• Oui - yes
• Si - yes (yes answer to a negative question)
• Certes - of course, certainly

Adverbs of negation

• Ne - not
• Pas - not
• Non - no

Adverbs of doubt

• Peut-être - maybe
• Probability - probably
• Sans doute - probably

Adverbs of quantity and degree

• Beaucoup - very
• Tres - very
• Trop - too much
• Assez - enough
• Pas assez is not enough
• Peu - not enough

Adverbs of sequence

• D'abord - first
• Donc - so
• Puis - then
• Enfin - finally
• Alors - then

Adverb tout

Place of adverbs

1. If an adverb refers to an adjective or other adverb, then it is put before defined by the word:

J'habite à Moscou dé jà longtemps. — I have been living in Moscow for a long time.

Elle est très belle. — She is very beautiful.

2. If an adverb refers to a verb, then it is put after him. If the verb is in the negative form, then the adverb is placed after the negative particle:

Je vous comprends mal. - I don’t understand you well.

J'aime beaucoup le chocolat. — I really love chocolate.

Je n'aime pas beaucoup le chocolat. — I don't really like chocolate.

3. If the verb is in one of difficult times, then some adverbs are placed between the auxiliary verb (avoir or être) and the participle participe passé ( bien, mal, beaucoup, peu, encore, déjà, trop ), the rest - after the participle passé:

J'ai trop mange. - I ate too much.

BUT: please note that in some cases an adverb may refer not to a verb, but to a noun, and then it is placed before this complement noun:

J'ai lu beaucoup de livres. — I've read a lot of books.

Compare: J'ai beaucoup lu. — I read a lot.

4. If the verb is in one of near future , the adverb is placed before the infinitive of the semantic verb:

Je vais immédiatement te faire du café. “I’ll make you coffee right away.”

5. If an adverb refers to the entire sentence, it can be placed either at the beginning of the sentence or at its end:

Malheureusement, nous n'avons pas la possibilité de le faire (malheureusement). - Unfortunately, we do not have the opportunity to do this.

6. Adverbs of time and place are placed either at the beginning of the sentence or at the end:

Hier, il a plu (hier). — It rained yesterday.

Exercises

Adverb formation

adverb place

Exercise 6 - find a suitable adverb

An adverb or Adverbe is an integral part of French speech. Just like in Russian, an adverb in French means a sign of action and answers the questions “How? How? Where? Where? Where? When?"

An adverb characterizes a verb, that is, an action. The French language has many adverbs that help describe the nuances of a person's actions. Today we will talk about the adverb, how it is formed and what functions it has in the French language.

How are adverbs formed in French?

There is nothing complicated here, the main thing is to remember the rule of forming adverbs in French.

The vast majority of French adverbs are formed according to the following scheme: feminine adjective + suffix –ment. For example:

• Nouvelle – nouvellement (again, new, recently, again)
• Juste – justement (correct, fair)
• Sûre – sûrement (confident)
• Vide – video (empty)
• Rapide – rapidement (quickly, soon)
• Lâche – lâchement (cowardly, fearfully)
• Intrépide – intrépidement (boldly, fearlessly, bravely)
• Naturelle – naturellement (naturally, truly)
• Stupide – stupidement (stupid)
• Jolie – joliement (cute, cute)

This is a general rule, but there are also special cases of the origin or formation of adverbs in French.

Some French adverbs are words derived from Latin:

• Bien - good
• Mal – bad
• Comme - how
• Volontiers - willingly, voluntarily
• Mieux is better

Some French adjectives are used as adverbs:

• Haut - high
• Net - clear, clean
• Claire - clear

An adverb specifies a verb

Let's pay attention to special cases!

Special cases of adverb formation in French are worth studying closely. As we have already said, the basic scheme for the formation of adverbs is as follows: feminine adjective + suffix –ment. But, as with any rule, there are some peculiarities and nuances.

Rule No. 1. Adjectives that in the masculine gender end in vowels -é, -i, -u, do not have the letter “e” before the suffix –ment:

• Vraiment - really, truly, truly, truly
• Poliment - polite
• Modérément – ​​modestly
• Absolument - absolutely, necessarily

Exception: Gaiement – funny

Rule #2. In some adverbs that are formed from adjectives with the final letter “u”, the so-called “roof” is placed above this letter, that is, accent circonflexe:

• Assidu - assidûment - diligently, diligently
• Congru - congrûment – ​​suitable, accordingly
• Goulu - goulûment – ​​voraciously, greedily

Exceptions:

• Eperdument – ​​passionately, madly, uncontrollably
• Résolument - decisively, firmly, boldly
• Ingénument - innocently, with an innocent look

Rule #3. Some adverbs that are formed from the feminine form of an adjective take the letter “é”:

• Précisément - exactly, exactly, just
• Obscurement - unclear, vague, indefinite
• Expression - precise, unambiguous; on purpose, on purpose, deliberately, deliberately
• Profondément - deep; to the highest degree, fundamentally

The same rule also applies to some adverbs that are formed from adjectives that do not change by gender. For example:

• Aveuglément - blindly, recklessly, blindly
• Commodément - convenient, comfortable
• Enormément - extremely, excessively, very much, very strongly
• Immensement - limitless, immense
• Uniformément - same, monotonous
• Intensément - strong, intense

Rule #4. Adjectives that end in –ant and –ent form adverbs with the endings –amment and –emment (both endings are pronounced the same:

• Savant – savamment – ​​learnedly, skillfully, skillfully
• Prudent - prudemment - carefully

Exceptions:

• Obligeamment - helpful, helpful

Rule #5. Some adverbs are formed from obsolete forms of French adjectives. These are the following adverbs:

• Brièvement – ​​briefly, briefly
• Grièvement - seriously, seriously, dangerously (grièvement blessé - seriously, dangerously wounded)
• Traîtreusement - treacherous, villainous

Place of adverbs in a French sentence

There are several rules by which an adverb is placed in a sentence. These are the rules:

If an adverb refers to an adjective or other adverb, then in the sentence it is placed before the word it defines:

• Elle habite à Paris depuis longtemps. - ShelivesVParisfor a long time.
• Marie est trop belle. - Marietoo muchbeautiful.
• Je prepare mon petit déjeuner extrê mement vite. - II'm cookingto myselfbreakfastextremefast.
• Michel est très intelligent. – MichelleVerysmart.
• Cet enfant est prohibitivement paresseux. - Thischildimpermissiblelazy.

If an adverb in a sentence refers to a verb, then it is placed after it. If the verb is in a negative form, then the adverb should come after the negative particle:

• Je vous entends mal, pouvez-vous parler plus haut? - IyouBadlyI hear, couldwouldYouspeaklouder?
• Elle aime beaucoup le chocolat.- She loves chocolate very much.
• Jen'aimpas beaucouplechocolate- I don't really like chocolate.

If the verb is in any complex tense, then some adverbs are placed between the auxiliary verb (Avoir or Etre) and the participle Participe Passé (beaucoup, peu, bien, mal, encore, déjà, trop), while the rest are placed after the participle Participe Passé:

• Elleatrop mange. - She ate too much.
• J'aibienpassémesvacanciesd'été. – I had a good summer holiday.
• Je suis encore restée là-bas. - Imoreremainedthere.
• J'aidejàprisletaxipouryarrive. – I already took a taxi to get there.
• Il a mal récité le poème. - HeBadlyreadpoem.

But please note that in some cases an adverb may refer not to a verb, but to a noun. In such situations, an adverb is placed before this noun-object:

• J'ailubeaucoupdejournaux.- I read a lot of newspapers.
• Elle a acheté trop de cosmétique. She bought too much cosmetics.
• Céline a commandé encore de gâ – Celineorderedmorecakes.
• Nous avons mangé peu de croissants. - Weatefewcroissants.

If the verb in a sentence appears in one of the immediate tenses, then the adverb must be placed before the infinitive of the semantic verb:

• Elle va immédiatement vous faire du café. - Sheimmediatelywill cookto youcoffee.
• Nous allons tout de suite vous raconter cette histoire. - WeNowsamewe'll tell youto youthishistory.
• Elles vont bientô t terminer leur ouvrage. - Theysoonwill finishmywork.

If an adverb refers to the entire sentence as a whole, then it can be located either at the beginning of the sentence or at its end:

• Heureusement, nous avons la possibilité de le faire (heureusement). - TOluckily, yusThere isopportunitydoThis(Toluckily).
• Je vais au théâ tre souvent. - II'm walkingVtheateroften.
• Hier j'ai rencontre Michel. – YesterdayImetMichel.
• Nous allons au cinéma aujourd'hui. - Welet's goVmovieToday.
• Michel aime Marie éperdument. – MichellelovesMariecrazy.

As for adverbs of time and place, they are placed either at the beginning of the sentence or at the end:

• Où vas-tu ? Je vais là-bas. - WhereYouyou're coming? I'm going there.
• J'ai étéchezAndréhier. – I visited Andre yesterday.
• Nous voulons faire cela maintenant. - Wewe wantdoThisNow.
• Il fait chaud ici. - It's hot here. / It's hot here.
• Nous visitons nos cousins ​​souvent. - Welet's visitourcousinsbrothersoften.

Most used adverbs

Friends, we invite you to pay attention, and maybe even memorize the following adverbs. These words are quite often used and found in French speech, so they will definitely come in handy:

Types of adverbs in French

Adverbs of time (les adverbes de temps):

• Quelquefois - sometimes, sometimes
• Parfois - sometimes
• Autrefois - formerly
• Sitôt que - as soon as, after
• Bientot - coming soon
• Aussitôt que - immediately, immediately
• Tantôt - (today) afternoon
• D’antan – last year (but often used to mean “before”)
• Naguère – recently
• Jadis - a long time ago
• Tout de suite - right away
• Tout à l’heure - immediately, immediately
• Tout à coup - suddenly
• Tout d'un coup - immediately, quickly
• Souvent - often
• Jamais - never
• Maintenant - now
• Tot - early
• Tard - late
• Aujourd'hui - today
• Hier - yesterday
• Demain - tomorrow
• Déjà - already
• Toujours - always

Adverbs of place (les adverbes de place):

• Dedans - inside
• Dehors - outside
• Là - there
• Çà – here
• Là-bas – there
• Partout - everywhere
• Ici - here
• Quelque part - somewhere
• Ailleurs - elsewhere

Adverbs of affirmation (les adverbes d’affirmation):

• Oui - yes
• Si - yes (affirmative answer to a negative question)
• Certes - of course, certainly

Adverbs of negation (les adverbes de negation):

• Ne - not
• Pas - not
• Non - no

Adverbs of sequence (les adverbes de séquence):

• D'abord - first
• Donc - so
• Puis - then
• Enfin - finally
• Alors - then

Adverbs of quantity and degree (les adverbes de quantité et de dégrée):

• Beaucoup - very
• Très - very
• Trop - too
• Assez - enough
• Pas assez - not enough
• Peu - little

Adverbs of doubt (les adverbes de doute):

• Peut-être - maybe
• Probablement - probably, probably
• Sans doute - probably, without a doubt
• Possiblement - possible

Separately, it is worth saying a few words about the adverb Tout - everything, completely, entirely, very, completely, completely.

In a sentence, this adverb is placed before an adjective or other adverb, and agrees with it in gender and number. Please note:

• Ilesttoutpâ lecesoir. - He is all (very) pale this evening.
• Elleesttoutepâlecesoir. – She’s all (very) pale this evening.

The adverb Tout helps to form other adverbs of which it is included. For example:

• Tout de suite - immediately
• Tout le monde - everything
• Tout le temps – all the time
• Tous les jours – all days
• Tout à l’heure - coming soon
• Tout à coup - suddenly
• Tout à fait - completely
• Tout droit - straight
• Pas du tout - not at all, not at all
• Tout de même - the same thing
• Tous (toutes) les deux – both, both
• Tous les deux jours – every two days
• Toutes les deux semaines – every two weeks
• En tout cas – in any case
• Malgré tout – despite everything

That's all, friends, it was a French dialect. We wish you good luck!