Beautiful do-it-yourself country houses on a budget. DIY country house projects

If you have recently purchased a summer cottage, then the issue of building a small country house is very relevant for you. You can store household items, expensive tools in it, as well as create a small lounge and kitchen. In this article we will look at how to make construction of a country house inexpensively with your own hands, and also find out which materials you can save a lot on.

Construction of a country house inexpensively with your own hands

Of course, like any construction, it also needs to start with calculating the budget. How much money are you willing to spend on this project? If enough, then you can think about building a brick house. Otherwise, it is recommended to use borrowed frame house technology. The advantages of this method are obvious - saving money, as well as the efficiency of the work performed. In just a couple of weeks your house will be ready for use.

Stages of construction of a country house:

Creating a project. If you do not want to contact a specialized agency, then you can create your own project that will be convenient for you personally. The main thing that you have to do in any case is to show your finished project to professionals in order to avoid possible problems in the future. As for the area of ​​the future home, it all depends on your personal preferences and capabilities. 40 sq.m. is quite enough.

Purchase of building materials. What materials are needed to build a country house with your own hands? Today the market offers a huge variety of high-quality, efficient and durable materials that are suitable for any construction:

• Log or beam. Wood will be needed in any case. Depending on the quality of the raw materials, the cost of the timber will fluctuate. Carefully inspect the material; it is important that it is thoroughly dried.
• Brick or cinder block. They have low cost, durability and reliability. Although building a house using these materials will not greatly affect costs, be prepared to spend a significant amount on subsequent wall finishing.
• SIP panels. High-quality, modern materials that not only save your money, but also time. A house made from SIP panels is warm, dry and comfortable.

Important! If you want to save money on materials, study the market thoroughly. You will be able to find high-quality raw materials at a big discount. You should not focus on branded companies, since they are the ones who mark up more than 50% on the price.

Where to start building a country house on a summer cottage?

The most important element of any country house is the foundation. The service life of the structure, its reliability and strength depend on it. Of course, the foundation should not be neglected, since any mistake or wrong action will immediately result in cracks and splits in the walls. Before digging a trench for the foundation, carefully calculate the weight of future materials - walls, roofing, sheathing, insulation and finishing. All this adds kilograms. Typically, the depth of the foundation of a house should be at least 1 m. After pouring, it must be left for a month to compact and dry.

Immediately after the foundation, you can begin building the frame and installing the roof truss system. It is also worth considering high-quality sewerage. If there is a central sewer system, then you should buy a septic tank with outlets to the irrigation fields.

So, is it possible to build a country house? inexpensively with your own hands? Certainly. The main thing is to plan and not rush to buy materials from the first person you meet.

See also video:

DIY garden cottage

Do-it-yourself summer houses for relaxation

Most summer residents live outside the city only in the summer and do not need expensive permanent homes. They want a roof over their heads and living space large enough to accommodate family members.

How to build a house with your own hands?

An optimal economic pension is best suited for this purpose.

Advantages of summer cottages

House boards are popular due to the following advantages:

• High level of construction - 2-6 weeks
• Low cost - from 3 to 8 thousand rubles per square meter. m versus 18 thousand rubles. per square meter. m for houses with brick walls
• Low weight, allowing the use of cheap, shallow foundations
• Resistance to freezing forces
• The ability to manufacture parts at the factory, which improves the quality of construction and simplifies assembly
• No shrinkage
• Wide range of architectural solutions
• Ability to warm up and adapt at home for life

Panel house design

The house consists of a wooden or metal frame covered with panels.

The metal frame is made of a rectangular cross-section, and the wooden frame is made of a rod. For external coatings:

• Lamels
• OSB panels
• Profiled film
• Moisture resistant plates
• Asbestos cement slabs
• toilet

The inner leather is made of moisture-resistant materials.

If the house is to be lived in all year round, the walls are lined with insulation.

Construction of panel houses

Construction companies offer services for the construction of turnkey panel holiday homes or a set of parts for their own construction. The first option frees the builder from most of the problems, while the other allows you to build a house for your dacha and save money.

Project selection

A quality project is the basis for success in building a house.

Serious companies that produce panel houses and key building kits offer dozens of standard models and offer custom design services.

Individual projects are quite expensive, so they are rarely used for economy-class houses.

Creating a standard project allows you to save on design and a wide selection of already prepared architectural solutions - choose the desired design and location of the house.

foundations

Under the light panel house, spacers and notches are used with columns and strips and screw pilots.

• Small hidden pillars reduce costs and shorten construction time.

  Columns are installed at intervals of 1.5 to 3 meters under external walls and columns, at the corners of the building and in places where internal walls connect to external walls. They are made from logs, concrete, red brick, bentonite and base blocks. The depth of the coating is up to 40 cm, the cross-section should exceed the thickness of the walls. To increase stability, the columns are connected to wooden or reinforced concrete beams

• Countertops do not allow for a warm basement.

  If the design is included in the design, a shallow recessed base underlay is applied under the exterior walls and a foundation base is provided under the interior walls. The depth of coverage and width of the tape are the same as for pillars. The belt is made from concrete, quarries or foundation blocks

• On weak floors it is based on screwdrivers.

  Using them allows the house to rest on solid ground that is deeper than the surface. Helicopter bases can be built in 1 to 2 days without the use of heavy equipment

frame

The panel of a prefabricated house can be made from a kit made in a factory or from purchased materials, in-house or from a contractor.

Turnkey construction of a house eliminates most of the problems for the developer, with the exception of monitoring the execution of construction work - it is impossible to check the quality of the frame assembly on its surface.

To self-assemble the frame from factory parts, you must follow the instructions and wiring diagram included with the kit.

The work resembles a design meeting and is entirely possible for a developer with experience in construction.

The cheapest, but most worrisome option is to build the lumber itself. Depending on the size and number of floors of the house, the frame is made of a rod 100x100 - 150x150 mm or 50 mm thick.

The frame is installed in the following order:

1. At the top of the base there is waterproofing of the roofing material
2. For the foundation using built-in parts and anchor bolts to attach the frame (thresholds) - beams, it is located at the edge of the house and under the prairie
3. Place logs and give rough soil.

   Fits on the edges of the base or beam beam

4. Install vertical skeleton posts - first on the corners and then on the walls of the 0.6 m shelf, installed on the cutout, sawn in the bottom panel, securing the clamp and nails and securing the first temporary and then permanent remainder.

   At the same time, they constantly control their verticality and position in the same plane. The corner posts are made of sticks and you can use the same 50mm width edge plate for intermediate use

5. In the upper places the top tape works. Framed door and window openings

All wooden structures must be impregnated with antiseptic compounds.

Overlapping and covering

Wooden columns are placed on the top frame of the frame and secured using structural clamps.

Width 3-4 meters - plate size 50x150 mm with a large range - 100x150-150x150 mm. The beam is 0.6 m. In this case, 1.8 m wide screens (modules) are used to cover the ceiling.

Rafting clusters are made on the floor on a panel 50x120-50x150 m.

First install the outer rafts, and then the intermediate elements that control the position of the rafters in one plane. Then make a box and close the roof. Roofing materials for a home should be light, for example:

• Bituminous shingles
• Metal panel
• Profiled film
• Bituminous slate

Wall coverings

The width of the screens should be equal to the degree of installation of the frame rails and the length to the height of the walls.

Security guards are on offer at the workplace in the following order:

1. Plates assembled
2. On the frame there was a polyethylene film as a vapor barrier
3. Guide the inner frame frame
4. Frame facing, heater inserted inside
5. Wind resistant protective membrane
6. Get outer skin

The coat should be compressed over the frame by half the width of the frame frame to hide them.

The perimeter protection frame is covered with a heater and is tightly inserted between the frame frames. Application is done using nails. When using sheet material, it may be without a frame. The cutting blades are attached directly to the frame and the heater is inserted between the posts.

As can be seen from the description, the construction of a country house with a team of two or three people of average qualification.

Using factory modules significantly speeds up assembly. In just a few weeks after you start installing the frame, you can move into your cottage and enjoy the outdoors.

Videos on weekends

Simple holiday home

How to insulate a plate with your own hands in front of a path

Country houses made of foam blocks: building a house over the summer

Country houses made of foam blocks are lightweight and fireproof.

Thanks to the large dimensions of the blocks and precise dimensions, construction is carried out at high speed. It is quite possible to build a house over the summer.

The use of foam blocks in the construction of various structures guarantees heat conservation and fast pace of work. A country house made of this material will cost more than one made of wood, but less than one made of brick.

What are the benefits of foam blocks?

• They have a precise geometric shape and the dimensions are well maintained.

  Therefore, they can be installed quickly

• Moisture resistant
• Inexpensive
• Strength increases over time
• They have very low thermal conductivity.

  According to this indicator, it is one of the best materials for construction.

• They have a small specific gravity. Therefore, they are manufactured in fairly large sizes, which has a positive effect on the speed of wall construction
• Easy to handle

But there are also disadvantages

• Cannot bear heavy loads
• Slowly gaining strength.

  In this case, shrinkage occurs.

  DIY country house 6x6. Photo report. Part 1

  And as a result, cracks may occur.

Use high-quality autoclaved foam concrete - it is less susceptible to shrinkage.

For the construction of one-story country houses, the strength of foam concrete is quite sufficient. In this case, it is necessary to strengthen the upper load-bearing row with reinforcement.

Foundation

Usually, when building a country house, a shallow strip foundation is used.

It can be done in different ways.

• From prefabricated blocks laid without connection, freely
• Made from blocks, with reinforced belts installed above and below the blocks
• Made from rigidly connected reinforced concrete blocks
• Made from monolithic reinforced concrete

The choice of method is made depending on the properties of the soil.

The reinforced tape option is suitable for both subsidence and highly heaving soils. The width of the tape is made to exceed the thickness of the walls by 10-20 cm. Laying depth is up to 60 cm.

Base – within 40 cm.

On heaving soils, it is necessary to install a cushion made of non-freezing material.

Construction of the foundation

Stages of making a strip reinforced foundation with shallow depth.

1. Marking
2. Development of trenches.

   If the soil does not crumble, trenches are made the width of the foundation. Their walls will act as formwork

3. Filling a 30-centimeter sand and gravel bed in layers, compacting each layer.

   The thickness of each layer is 10 cm

4. Laying waterproofing material on the bottom and walls of the trench
5. Installation of formwork under the above-ground part of the foundation (basement)
6. Installation of fittings
7. Pouring concrete

Foundation quality conditions

To build a quality foundation, the following conditions must be met.

• The correct proportions of components in the concrete mixture
• There should be no air bubbles (voids) in the concrete.

  To achieve this, use a vibrator or bayonet the concrete with a metal rod.

• There should be no interruptions during filling

After pouring, until the concrete hardens, it requires maintenance. It must be protected from the sun and watered in hot weather. Insulate in cold weather.

Rolled waterproofing material is laid on top of the foundation.

The overlap of stripes must be at least 15 cm.

Wall masonry

Before you start building walls, you need to check the horizontalness of the foundation. The permissible height difference is 3 cm.

If necessary, leveling should be done with cement mortar.

The upper plane of the blocks laid in the wall must be horizontal. That is, not only the edges running along the wall must be horizontal, but also those across them.

Horizontal control is carried out using a level. The position of the block is adjusted if necessary with a rubber hammer.

First row

The laying of the first row must be done with extreme precision - the accuracy of the construction of the entire house depends on this.

• Find the highest point of the foundation using a level.

  The first block is laid in the corner closest to this point

• Then blocks are installed in all other corners
• A mooring cord is stretched between the corner blocks along the outer edge of the wall.

  The first row is filled in using it

• If any unevenness in the masonry is formed, they are eliminated with a plane or sanding board. Dirt and dust are removed with a brush

Reinforcement

The reinforcement is laid on foam blocks after filling the first row, and then after laying every fourth row.

A smoothly curved rod is placed in the corners.

• Using a grinder, grooves are made 4x4 cm at a distance from the edge of the block of at least 6 cm
• The grooves are cleaned of dust and moistened with water.
• Cement mortar is placed in the groove to half the depth
• A rod moistened with water is laid
• The recess is completely filled with solution

A monolithic belt is made at the floor level.

It connects load-bearing walls along the entire perimeter and gives spatial rigidity to the entire structure.

For laying foam blocks the following can be used:

• Cement-sand mortar
• Cement-sand mortar with added lime
• Adhesive for wall blocks

The solution with lime does not set so quickly and has good plasticity.

The glue allows you to make thin seams.

It has a fairly liquid consistency and does not set for a long time.

Block cutting

Usually a row cannot be laid using only whole blocks. You have to supplement it with chopped ones.

You can cut blocks with a hand hacksaw. The cutting line is drawn with a pencil on two adjacent sides to ensure an accurate cut. The cut surface is leveled with a sanding board or plane. A smooth surface is necessary to ensure good adhesion between the solution and the block.

Load-bearing walls

After laying the first row, you need to wait 1-2 hours until the solution sets.

Then the wall masonry continues.

• Corner blocks are laid and leveled
• The mooring is being stretched
• The row is filled with foam blocks
• Irregularities are removed with a plane or sanding board

The ligation sutures should be at least 10 cm.

The minimum length of the outer blocks (corner, opening) is 11.5 cm.

Internal load-bearing walls are connected to external ones by bandaging.

Partitions

1. The junction of the partition is indicated on the load-bearing wall
2. At this point, flexible connections (anchors) made of stainless steel are inserted into the seam. One end is in the load-bearing wall, the other is in the seam of the partition
3. Anchors are secured with nails

Anchors are inserted into the load-bearing wall through a row.

It is allowed not to secure them with nails, but simply press them into the solution.

Door and window openings

You can buy factory-made lintels for ceilings, or they can be made from homemade hollow foam blocks, having a P-shaped cross-section.

1. Mark the locations of the cuts on the foam block
2. Having cut through the grooves, chop off the inner part with a construction hammer
3. Hollow blocks in the shape of an inverted letter U are laid over the opening on wooden supports.

   These can be boards or beams. The supports can be nailed to the side walls of the opening

4. 12-16 mm reinforcement is placed inside the cavity and concrete is poured. The supports remain until the concrete hardens.

You can lay foam blocks over the opening and on metal corners.

Roof

Wooden beams are usually used to construct floors in a foam block house.

The type of roof, its design and shape may vary. Its construction is not much different from this type of work when constructing houses using other building materials.

Exterior decoration

Although foam concrete does not penetrate to a great depth when exposed to moisture, the surface layer absorbs it quite well.

So if the walls are not covered with exterior finishing, they darken and begin to collapse.

The following can be used as exterior finishing for walls made of foam blocks:

• Hinged cladding installed with a gap (siding, decorative panels, house siding with imitation timber)
• Decorative plaster
• Composite panels
• Natural and artificial stone
• Painting with silicone paints

The construction of a country house from foam blocks is relatively inexpensive, and construction occurs quickly.

If you have some construction skills, it is quite possible to make such a house with your own hands.

Video about how to build a house from foam blocks

When building a house on a summer cottage, everyone wants to build one that will be comfortable to live in.

But coziness and comfort depend on the internal layout of the house. First of all.

And the layout itself depends on the size of the building, the number of people in the family, and the presence of small children. It also depends on whether you plan to live in the country only in the summer, or whether you want to come here all year round. There are some things you should definitely consider when deciding how to layout your home.

Layout of a one-story country house

Even a small house should have at least three rooms:

The kitchen can be positioned so that the entrance to the house is through it.

In this case, the kitchen room will also serve as a vestibule, which traps cold air if you come to the dacha in winter.

During cooking, the air in the kitchen heats up noticeably, which is also good for heating the house. This option is much better than building a cramped vestibule.

If you want to make a canopy, you can make it out of glass. Using profiles, double glazed windows and glass doors.

If you use your dacha all year round, you need to provide additional heating.

For example, you can plan a country house with a stove in the kitchen, the back wall of which opens into the next room.

This stove will heat two rooms at once. Well, you can install an electric heater in the bedroom. There are many economical modern models.

It should be taken into account that the house heats up much faster if good quality double-glazed windows are installed on the windows. It should be noted that the warmth in the house does not depend on the size of the windows, but on how well they are glazed. The best option is high-quality plastic windows with several panes.

If a country house made of laminated veneer lumber contains one room and a kitchen, then the living room is divided by a partition.

A bed is installed behind the partition. This house is suitable for a family of two.

If there is one more room in the house, albeit a small one, then it is quite possible to arrange a nursery there.

And the dacha will already accommodate a family of four.

These tips are also suitable for those who already have a small garden house. But many people want to increase the number of rooms and are thinking about building a second floor.

Features of the construction of the second floor

Many people think that a great option for increasing living space would be to arrange a second floor.

But you first need to find out how strong the foundation under the house is. It is likely that it will not be able to support the additional weight. You need to find out about this in advance, and not after cracks begin to appear in the walls and the house begins to collapse.

In addition to this, there are some other features. They must be taken into account before building the second floor.

If there is enough free space on the dacha plot, then it is always better to build a spacious one-story house.

It costs less, and living in a one-story house is more pleasant.

No need to climb stairs. This is especially important if there are elderly people in the house. After all, stairs in two-story dachas are usually steep. They are easier to build than flat ones. In addition, it is much more difficult to heat a two-story house than a one-story house.

If you are building a second floor, there is no need to make concrete floors. It's easier to make them from wood. The house will be warmer. It is best to lift the stairs from the kitchen if it is located immediately outside the front door.

Heat will not escape to the second floor from the living room.

On the second floor there are usually one or two bedrooms. It is best to keep bedrooms small to make them easier to heat. After all, living in a country house, a person enters the bedroom only to sleep.

But, it must be repeated that if the area of ​​the plot allows, then it is better to build a more spacious one-story house instead of the second floor.

Construction of a terrace

Since people spend almost all their time outside in the summer, a covered terrace needs to be added to the house.

It can be located on the entrance side, then the terrace will also play the role of a porch. It needs to be provided with a good roof that will protect it from bad weather and the hot sun. It is also necessary to provide for the fastening of mosquito nets.

Some tips were given on how to make your country house more comfortable.

10 steps on how to build a country house over the summer

If a person plans to build a dacha from scratch, then he can plan it the way his heart desires. But not everything is as simple as it might seem. Below are the most common mistakes that people make when thinking about what kind of house to build on their summer cottage.

Of course, everyone’s tastes differ, but still, we will talk about those things that help reduce construction costs and increase comfort.

Mistakes when planning a country house

The house is too big
There is no need to build a house too big.

Thick walls in the house
Walls that are too thick require a more powerful foundation, and therefore extra costs.

Modern technologies make it possible to build lightweight houses, for example, frame houses, or from timber. Good insulation solves all heating difficulties, and the choice of high-quality material and qualified builders makes the house very durable.

Construction of a basement or ground floor
There is no need to create a large basement or basement floor unnecessarily.

These premises require high-quality waterproofing, insulation, ventilation and heating. For all this you need to hire specialists. Additional costs for building materials are required. Very significant. Also, do not build a base that is too high. This also increases costs.

If you plan to build a fireplace in the house, then you need to build it in the middle so that the heat from it spreads to adjacent rooms.

A fireplace built against an outer wall is completely irrational.

It seems that all things are very simple. But if you avoid these mistakes when planning your house, you can significantly save on building materials and construction time.

Video example of planning a country house using a special program

Posted on: 4-2-2016

For summer residents who are just about to build their first small house, my selection of 15 photos of country house design ideas will be very helpful. I must say, there is something to learn here and something to be surprised by, but what can I say - it’s better to see for yourself!

I draw your attention to the fact that there are no diagrams or plans here.

All material is provided for inspiration only. But, an experienced builder, if you show him a picture of a structure you like, he can easily build, if not exactly the same, then close to the original.

The first house simply captivated me with its canopy with a pointed roof. If it weren’t for this roof shape, it would have been just an ordinary country house! Agree, such a canopy roof, supported by slender wooden columns, gave the whole house sophistication and elegance!

A beautiful country house, to say the least!

And in this miniature house I really liked the turret at the very top. In terms of area, it is like a temporary shed, but the beautiful decoration of the walls, windows, tiles on the roof and this turret make it almost a palace!

By the way, flower boxes mounted under the window greatly improve the appearance of the facade, no matter how small it is!

This house is just very cute, especially the lattice windows and door.

This country house caused a storm of delight among my whole family.

I showed it to them, saying that we would build the same one for ourselves at the dacha. And a miniature terrace, and dormer windows on the roof! Just a peek. A miniature copy of a beautiful country mansion!

There is a lot of light in this house.

Choosing a garden house and its phased construction

because it has very large windows. But even in cloudy weather it is light and gives you a feeling of greater unity with nature! The pediment of this house is designed in an unusual way - it is decorated with two balusters.

And in this house there is a second light under the roof. Since there are no windows on one side, something like dormer windows are made under the roof itself.

True, from the photo it is clear that the owners use it as a workshop, but for newly-minted summer residents it could also serve as a shelter at night and from the rain.

A small wooden house with a canopy across the entire width of the roof.

A good solution - here you have a patio terrace, the wall of the house will protect you from the wind, and the roof canopy will protect you from rain and sun.

This little white house is just a fairy tale!

Elegant, romantic, with a pergola attached to it, it invites you to settle in and not know any grief! Still, white color adds sophistication to any building, even a very small one.

This interesting asymmetrical house has a frame structure and is lined with wood.

The originality of this building lies not only in its unusual roof, but also in the glazing of two walls, forming a “transparent corner” at the exit.

This house is simply attractive and well built.

The blue house under a tiled roof with white curtains looks very attractive.

It feels like the house has a caring owner!

And this bright house in front of a small pond made me feel tender. It is so small and so harmonious with its blue door and windows with tulle curtains that I wanted to sit down in front of it, dip my feet in the pond and daydream for an hour or two.

This house is made of wood, although it is low, it is very nice.

Well, the last house in the series of 15 best is a house with a trapezoidal canopy.

Beautiful, elegant, tastefully decorated - what else can you say! And there is a terrace next to it - there is a place to admire the stars in the evening!

Ideas for small cozy country houses

We could stop here, but there are so many ideas for small houses that I always want to look for something and share my finds with you.

Let me remind you that in America and Canada, the hobby of designing and creating houses on wheels of unusual shapes is very common. These are real residential buildings. I will continue to introduce you to interesting ideas for such houses. After all, if we exclude the wheels, then such houses will look great on our plots! Here is an overview video from the creators of this wonderful house.

There is no translation, but everything is clear.

My construction and life in the country

I would like to tell my story when we decided to live in the country and start all over again. In general, it so happened that our apartments did not exist, and in recent years we lived in rented apartments. And so life within the walls of others and frequent trips brought us - I wanted my own, peace and stability. But the way we live is not rich and can't buy anything, you decide to buy a Dacha (4sotki) and then another, we left the pages very cheap.

These sites are the same, we prepared that they were forced to leave all the bushes and trees from their homes, and yet they had the resources that I introduced sandstone and sand into the future of our home.

But after a few days we decided to give them a chance to defeat the house in the village, and then I brought the plate and two evenings (as I worked during the day), the house was almost ready. It looked like a trailer, but we were not aware of the beauty, it was already the end of September and cold and winter would soon be upon us. Below is a photo of creating a time zone

Construction of a cottage in the country - the beginning

He built it twice - he wanted it faster, but it got dark early, so he took a battery and a lamp with him. So, this house was looking for another night - it was not yet dark.

It worked like a screwdriver and wire, the design was very simple, so everything was done very quickly.

Cabin construction in the country

I then brought in some foam and the house was insulated with 10cm thick foam and foam sealed all the seams between the foam and all the openings.

He made the front door. And the interior, while there were bare slab walls. The next day he brought 200 pieces. red brick and it took two nights to build the brick. A photograph of the furnace design has not survived.

Construction of holiday homes

House dimensions 6.3 * 3m.

interior space 6*2.7, common living room 16.2 square meters, which had to accommodate four adults (me, mom and my two sisters) in the country, electricity, and this is what I thought about in advance. I made a wind generator, I installed a small battery and bought a 12/220 volt converter. The power of such a power plant was very small, because the wind turbine was small and was an irregular dean, also very low. But sometimes one energy-saving light bulb is enough.

All in all, it was a painful start, but a week into this construction, we moved into this period. The transfer took place on October 2, the same day as my sister’s birthday.

In the fall the woods were ready for the winter and a porch was added to the house.

The house is insulated externally with a vapor barrier, covered with film and internal shiny insulation. As a result, in the first winter we found out.

Winter in the country

In winter we were already at home with wind power for every 150 watts, there was enough electricity for lights and sometimes on TV, just as the wind was very weak and there was not enough battery power, but I saved everything for improvement, including the power plant.

I described everything about the plant in the section “My little adventures”,

Therefore, winter lived in such spartan conditions. My sister and I worked, paid in the spring, having accepted a loan 3 years ago, and at the beginning of the summer a new loan appeared, which spent the money on small items and bought a Chinese engine (110ss) to kill a tree, I went to him for a trailer trailer.

We bought a chain saw and two solar panels. up to 100 watts, so they were buying new batteries for the power plant until March.

In the summer, the porch was covered with luminous insulation to keep it cool in the sun, and solar panels were installed on the wall.

Even the lights on the street and in the house repeated the wiring.

Solar panels

In the summer, the wood was prepared for the entire year, and the motorcycle made 35 trips from nearby forest stands.

So I bought corrugated cardboard, wood, cement, and I put a new corrugated panel fence on the front.

Wood collection

At the same time, I poured a concrete pad under the base of the future of our house.

There was no swimming under the foundation, it simply grew and leveled the surface and spilled a 40 cm wide strip around the perimeter of the house.

How to build a house in Dachau: characteristics and construction phases

The thickness of the concrete is 10-15 cm. Below the photo are parts of the concrete. This is how we lived in the fall, photo after the rain, there was a bit of a mess outside as I searched and twisted the jars under the winter potatoes.

Life in the country

Life in the country

In addition, 11 meters were excavated in Dachau, I dug it myself, I was in a hurry for almost a month and poured concrete with concrete, but I finished it.

So, the tile broke through. He dug a basement on the site of the future house, filled the basement with concrete, and then made a hatch into the roof. Small details were done on details, but I will not list all the little things, only the important ones. I wrote about the break here - Well, with my job 2.

Fine

This year, at the beginning of spring, I took 7 plate cubes, bought ruins and cement and started with the main overflow.

The bottom part of the photo is the preparation of the irrigation panels. Last year the center of the concrete base under the furnace was flooded.

Foundation formwork

After installing the panel panels around the perimeter, he reinforced with a 10mm cast in two threads.

Then I invested in concrete and ended up like this.

Filling the foundation

The panel was attached with 6mm hex pins and once ejected it was easy to remove and remove the shell.

Filling the foundation

Then build the wall frame. The dimensions of the house are 6.30 * 10.80 m. The skeleton was placed alone, sometimes the truth helped the sister give or save something. All this has turned him into screws that pull themselves. bottom and top, then he used a homemade galvanized sheet metal plate.

DIY decorated house

DIY decorated house

DIY decorated house

DIY decorated house

Currently, the money for further construction has been completed.

Now you need to make money from corrugated cardboard and place a frame around the roof.

Continuation - second part of the frame

As you know, the comfort of staying in a suburban area largely depends on how cozy and comfortable the house is. The question often arises as to which house is best to build in a country house so that the cost of the project is affordable and the result is as good as possible. We will look at several basic options, but we will dwell in detail on the option of a frame house, since it is easiest to build it yourself.

Main types of country houses

To decide which option is most preferable for you, you should consider the features of each of them:

Modular option	This includes country houses made from block containers, which are the easiest to build. You only need to build a strip or column foundation and place the finished module on it using a crane. The disadvantages include the uniformity of the buildings and their small size; in addition, the price of the finished version is much higher than that of one assembled independently.
Frame house	One of the most popular solutions due to a number of advantages, the main ones being: very affordable cost of the project, ease of work, assembly instructions may seem complicated, but if you understand it, all questions will disappear by themselves. In addition, using this option, you can build a structure of any size and configuration.
Timber structure	Another widespread option, which is distinguished by its attractive appearance and environmental friendliness, thanks to which it fits into the countryside environment perfectly. Assembling a building requires certain qualifications, so it is better to involve specialists, especially since the cost of the structure is quite high, and any mistakes are fraught with considerable costs.
Brick and block structures	These materials are most often used in the construction of permanent buildings. The advantages include strength and durability, the disadvantages are the need to build a massive foundation, the labor intensity of construction (at a minimum, you need the skills of a mason) and the fairly high cost of the project. In addition, many people associate country houses with wood, so such options are not even considered initially.

Features of building a house using frame technology

Let's look at how to build an inexpensive country house with your own hands.

It is very important to prepare well for the work; the following activities can be included in this stage:

• To begin with, a specific project is selected in order to clearly understand the scope of work and the required amount of materials.
• Next, all required materials are purchased, in this case, you should purchase everything with a small margin, since the actual consumption most often exceeds the planned one.
• Another important issue is purchasing all the necessary tools.: from shovels and hammers to concrete mixers and chainsaws. If there is no electricity on the site, then renting a diesel generator for the dacha will help solve the problem.

Foundation

Without a doubt, a very important part of the work, since the strength and durability of the entire structure directly depends on the foundation; any subsidence leads to cracks and even destruction of walls and ceilings.

You can build one of the following options:

• Columnar foundation.
• Tape base.
• Slab foundation.

Each of these options has its own pros and cons; we will consider the tape type of base:

• First of all, a trench is dug, the depth and width of which depends on the type of soil and the weight of the future structure. Usually the width is 30-40 centimeters.
• It is better to pour a gravel cushion at the bottom, which will also serve as a drainage function; the walls of the pit should be smooth and not crumble.
• Formwork is placed on top, but if the outer part of the base is laid out from damper blocks, then the formwork can be minimal, the main thing is that the level of the foundation is level, this will facilitate masonry work later.
• After the foundation has hardened (at least a week must pass), further work can begin. The upper end of the foundation is covered with glass insulation or two layers of roofing material; this will prevent moisture from penetrating into the building through capillaries in the concrete.

Advice!
Do not forget about the ventilation holes in the building; the entire space must be ventilated, otherwise mold will begin to form on the structures over time.

Basement ceiling

Consideration of the question of how to build a country house continues with such a stage as the installation of the basement floor; this stage of work is carried out as follows:

• To install the floor, a beam with a cross-section of at least 100x150 mm is used, more is possible, it all depends on the design features.
• The elements are connected to each other either with threaded rods or special screws with a diameter of 10-12 mm and a length of 25-30 cm.

Advice!
Along the lower edge of the trim, you can attach the subfloor in any convenient way and lay polystyrene foam or mineral wool on it, so you can.

Walls

We are considering how to build a country house yourself, but in fact, you can’t do without several helpers, especially at the stage of installing the frame of future walls, because you need to hold each element and carefully adjust its position before fastening.

The work is carried out as follows:

• Fastening elements is best done using modern fasteners: corners of perforated tapes, brackets and mounting plates. In addition to convenience and high speed of work, these elements guarantee the reliability of all connections; the main thing is to choose the right fasteners.
• The racks are set to the width of the insulation, this will simplify further work. Particular attention should be paid to the perfectly accurate position of the corner elements.
• The elements are attached to the frame from below, another beam is laid on top and the system is fastened together; cross members are also used to increase strength.
• Next, care should be taken to strengthen the structure, most often this is achieved by using struts and braces. With their help, rigidity increases significantly.

Rafter system

Another important stage at which the future roof is being erected; within this stage the following work is carried out:

• First of all, a detailed design of the system is drawn up so that you have an idea of ​​what work will have to be done.

• Based on the diagram, materials and fasteners are purchased; boards can be used for small roofs, and timber for more massive ones.
• Assembly is carried out carefully, each element is carefully attached, and at the end the entire system is connected to each other.

Sheathing and roofing

The outside walls are sheathed as follows:

• A 25mm thick board can be used and for best strength it is best fastened at a 45 degree angle.
• You can also use a simpler option - moisture-resistant slabs, so the work will be done much faster.
• To lay the roof, you will need a sheathing device, and its type depends on what kind of covering will be used. For slate and ondulin you will need lathing, and for soft roofing, metal tiles and other similar options - continuous flooring made of moisture-resistant materials.

• Fastening is carried out in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions; usually this process is simple.

Internal lining

Lastly, the insulation is laid, which is covered with a vapor-waterproofing material.

The covering may be different:

• You can use wooden lining or decorative panels of various types.
• Another option is to mount moisture-resistant drywall or other durable materials, which can later be puttied and painted or finished in any other way.

We hope you have decided what kind of house to build in your country house and what technologies to use. This is only a brief work plan, since a description of any of the stages will take an entire article (all work is separately described in other articles on the portal).

Conclusion

A country house should not only be attractive from the outside, but also practical from the inside. So don’t be lazy and find a really high-quality and well-thought-out project. The video in this article will clearly show the features of performing some work.

After purchasing a country plot of land, the question arises about the need to create conditions for living. Construction of a large cottage or country house will cost a lot of money, and you will have to wait several years before you can move into a new house.

Happy plot owners are thinking about the possibility of building a small country house with their own hands. But how to build housing in one season without spending a lot of money and without special knowledge and skills? The solution was the construction of frame houses. Building such a house will not only save you a decent amount, but will also easily replace a cottage or summer house, even in winter. And most importantly, you can build it yourself without inviting a team of builders.

Frame country houses

The possibility of independently building a frame house is due to the simplicity of the design. To install the frame, use logs or replace them with metal profiles. But the cost of a metal frame is many times higher than a wooden one, so the best and most economical option for summer cottages would be a frame made of timber or logs.

Panels made of profiled sheets, slate, boards, and siding are used as walls. The panels serve as the first barrier to wind, rain and snow. Such walls should not only protect from weather conditions, but also protect from excess moisture and mechanical stress.

Panels made of plasterboard, chipboard or simple boards are also installed on the inside of the house. This layer is decorative and also creates a “box” for laying insulation. To ensure that the house is always warm in winter, insulation is laid between the panels. The choice of material and type of insulation depends solely on the desires and financial capabilities of the owner of the site.

Before starting construction of a frame house, it is necessary to correctly draw up a project for the future home. At this stage, you can decide on the type of structure, and also take into account the wishes of all family members. In addition, it is important to immediately select the desired layout of the rooms, since once construction begins, it will be very difficult to change anything.

When designing a frame house, the following is additionally determined:

• list of required materials;
• construction stages;
• the time required to construct the building;
• financial expenses.

Proper design will help you select the required amount of building materials, and will also save a decent amount on unforeseen expenses.

Advantages of frame houses

The popularity of frame construction of country houses all over the world is due to a number of advantages. Of course, such houses also have their drawbacks, for example, low fire protection, but they are all suitable for other types of housing construction.

The main advantages of a frame house are the ability to build it yourself without involving a team of workers, as well as financial savings. This is due to a number of factors.

• The construction of a frame structure does not require special skills and knowledge necessary for “large” construction. The entire list of work can be carried out independently using conventional tools.
• The construction of such a house is very light. Therefore, the construction of a large and expensive foundation is not required.
• The construction of the frame is faster than the construction of monolithic or brick walls.
• By using high-quality insulation, you can save on heating costs in the winter.
• When building frame houses, ordinary materials and tools are used, which allows you to save a decent amount. Interior walls act as a decorative element, so they do not require additional processing.
• Possibility of construction in winter, since work with liquid solutions ends after installing the foundation.
• During construction, only environmentally friendly materials are used, so you don’t have to worry about the negative impact on health.

DIY frame country house with an open plan

Frame houses in most cases are built on one floor. The second floor can be the space under the roof. Light materials are used for construction, so the construction of a large foundation is not required.

The foundation can be:

• screw piles that are mounted directly into the ground;
• pillars made of brick or foam concrete;
• strip foundation located at ground level or with a slight recess.

A columnar foundation is most often made without a recess. The construction of such a foundation takes place in several stages.

1. The territory is being marked and locations for future posts are being determined.
2. In the places where the pillars will be located, holes are dug about 40 centimeters deep.
3. A metal pipe is inserted into the hole as a base for the post.
4. A concrete solution of cement, crushed stone and sand is poured into the pipe cavity in a ratio of 1:5:4.
5. Earth is poured around the pillar and compacted. A sand cushion about 20 centimeters high is built on top.
6. A column of brick, foam concrete, or simply filled with concrete mortar is built around the protruding pipe.

The construction of a strip foundation is also carried out in several stages.

1. The site is marked, pegs are dug in at the corners of the future house, and a thread is stretched between them.
2. A trench is dug around the perimeter of the house and at the location of the load-bearing walls, about 50 centimeters deep and 40 centimeters wide. At the bottom of the trench you can build a sand cushion about 20 centimeters high.
3. A frame made of metal reinforcement is mounted (should protrude 10 centimeters above the ground level).
4. Around the trench, formwork is constructed from ordinary boards fastened together.
5. Concrete mixture is poured into the trench. To save materials, you can first throw broken bricks, broken bottles or metal products into the hole.
6. The poured foundation is covered with plastic film to protect it from direct sunlight.

The frame of such a house is built from wooden beams or logs. You can use a metal profile, but it costs more.

Construction is carried out in several stages.

1. The lower trim is installed. To do this, several layers of roofing material are laid on the foundation as waterproofing, after which beams measuring 15x15 centimeters are laid out sideways.
2. Boards are attached to them with screws 10 centimeters long. During work, all corners and irregularities are checked using a building level. Surface imperfections are eliminated with an electric planer.
3. Recesses are made in the beams using a hacksaw for laying the logs. The distance between them is calculated taking into account the area of ​​the insulation. After this, the logs are laid and secured with beams and lower trim.
4. Timber or boards are mounted on top of the logs as a subfloor.
5. Waterproofing, insulation and a special film on top to protect against deformation are laid on the subfloor.
6. Boards are attached as the finished floor.

After the construction of the lower frame, the frame itself is installed. To do this, vertical beams are installed in previously prepared grooves and secured to a horizontal surface using jibs (bars that act as a support for the beam). Logs or timber are used as connecting elements, which are fastened into grooves. After installing the frame, external and internal paneling is carried out. The construction of the frame is shown in more detail in the diagram.

The roof is installed as follows.

1. The top trim is installed.
2. Ceiling beams are installed, which are attached to the jibs.
3. Boards are driven in from below, and a sheet of plywood or plasterboard is attached, which protrudes from the ceiling.
4. Insulation is laid between the beams according to the same principle as during the construction of the floor.
5. Rafters are attached to the beams, which should protrude 50 centimeters beyond the edge of the structure.
6. After securing the rafters, the ridge part of the roof is formed.
7. Boards are attached to the rafters, after which a layer of roofing felt and roofing material are laid.

After erecting the frame and roof of the house, you can begin to decorate the interior and exterior of the room.

When building a house using this method, you can choose a free layout option. For example, you can use the diagram shown in the picture.

Do-it-yourself frame country house-studio

The construction of a studio-type frame house is carried out in a similar way, but with its own characteristics:

• Concrete pillars are used as a foundation;
• the possibility of installing an additional terrace will increase the functional area of ​​the room;
• the absence of internal load-bearing walls simplifies the construction of a house and also reduces financial costs.

The construction of a frame studio house can be carried out according to the following scheme.

Frame house with two bedrooms

When building a frame house, you can provide rooms for the whole family. To do this, at the planning stage it is necessary to select a convenient arrangement of rooms so that load-bearing walls can be correctly erected during construction.

Examples of such houses can be seen in the diagrams.

Frame hut house

Hut-shaped houses have been popular since the time of the USSR. Very often they were erected in summer camps or recreation areas. The main advantage of such huts is that you can use any available materials.

Features of the hut house:

• saving building materials;
• the walls simultaneously act as roof rafters;
• low weight of the structure;
• you can build the simplest columnar foundation;
• Ideal for a separate bedroom or storage room.

The construction of the hut is carried out as follows.

1. A columnar foundation is poured, which can be mounted without going into the ground.
2. Roofing material is laid on the finished pillars, after which the lower trim is carried out according to the above scheme.
3. The frame of the building is installed: timber is used as joists, and ordinary boards are used for connections.
4. The sheathing, insulation, and waterproofing layer are attached.
5. The roof covering is being installed.

Important nuances when building a country house with your own hands

To ensure that a frame house lasts for many years, and you do not have to constantly carry out repair work, pay attention to the following nuances.

• During construction, it is necessary to carefully treat the wood with moisture-repellent impregnations. This will save the frame from rotting and the formation of fungi and mold. Can be additionally treated with anti-insect impregnation.
• It is not recommended to install a wooden frame directly on a concrete foundation. A waterproofing layer, for example, roofing felt, is required. It will protect the wooden base from moisture coming from the foundation.
• The use of cheap insulation can negatively affect heat retention in winter. Therefore, choose the material depending on the natural conditions in your region.

(19 ratings, average: 4,34 out of 5)

Today, construction technologies offer the construction of garden houses not only from classic materials (logs, cinder blocks, bricks), but also to use plywood sheets, OSB, aerated concrete blocks, foam blocks, timber, etc. as the main building materials.

But it is plywood garden houses that have excellent soundproofing and thermal insulation characteristics, along with ease of work and inexpensive construction costs.

Another advantage of this construction is the opportunity to make a house out of plywood with your own hands. This allows you to significantly reduce the cost of hiring professional teams. But it must be kept in mind that garden houses made of timber and plywood have some disadvantages, for example, the vulnerability of the latter to aggressive actions of the external environment. Accordingly, additional measures must be taken to protect this building material, and this, in turn, increases costs.

Plywood is also an unsafe building material for home residents in terms of penetration by intruders. Therefore, when building a garden house from timber and plywood, external finishing work is required, for example, siding, which, in addition to decoration, also hides the main material used in construction from prying eyes.

Country houses are built using frame technology, which is gaining increasing popularity in many countries around the world. This explained by its main advantages:

But the wood that is used to build a house (boards for roof sheathing, bars for wall frames) must be dry, and plywood sheets must have a minimum of chips at the edges. In addition, all wood materials must be additionally treated with special compounds that can provide the required fire safety and also protect against moisture.

Construction of a frame plywood house is possible divided into the following stages:

• foundation construction;
• construction of wall frames and plywood cladding;
• roof installation;
• insulation;
• finishing works (internal and external).

Gallery: garden house (25 photos)

Tools

To build a house you you will need the following tools:

Laying the foundation

A massive foundation for a frame small garden house is not required, but for this the house must be made with strict adherence to all technologies. Reinforced concrete foundation blocks, strip foundations with a recess, cast-in-place piles - all these types of foundations are suitable for starting the construction of a frame house. Usually, a strip foundation is used.

When there are significant differences in terrain, it is best to use a pile foundation. This will make it possible to level the structure of the house and avoid distortions with minimal consumption of building materials and normal strength of the base.

Materials required for organizing the foundation of a plywood house:

• crushed stone, sand;
• concrete (ready-made or its components: fine crushed stone, cement, sand);
• pipe for floor ventilation;
• reinforcing bars.

Before starting construction, you need to mark the territory yourself and use pegs and rope to mark the boundaries of the future structure. It is best that the place where the house will be installed is level. A trench with a width of no more than 60 cm with a depth of 70 cm. This depth is quite enough to ensure the required reliability and strength for a frame house. The bottom of the trench is compacted, then covered with a layer of sand and compacted again.

Then a layer of fine crushed stone is poured in and compacted. Such a pillow will distribute the load evenly and can provide waterproofing of the lower layer of the base. To improve the density of the cushion, a small amount of water is used when compacting crushed stone and sand. Then you need to construct formwork, which can be made from boards, securing them to each other with jumpers on nails. You can prevent concrete leaks while pouring the foundation by using plywood sheets 7-8 mm thick as formwork.

After the foundation dries and the formwork is removed, these sheets can be used again. The height above ground level of the strip foundation should be approximately 45-50 cm. To ensure that the formwork does not lose its shape during concrete pouring, the upper elements are connected to each other by transverse slats.

The reinforcement is laid both across the formwork and along it. Moreover, you need to leave the ends of the reinforcing bars above the level of the foundation for subsequent fastening of the frame. In several areas, a pipe is inserted into the formwork, the length of which is equal to the width of the foundation. This creates sufficient ventilation for the floor.

Then the foundation is poured with a ready-made concrete composition or crushed stone, sand, cement are mixed into proportions 2:3:1 with water. During pouring, you need to compact the solution a little to prevent voids from appearing. The surface must be smoothed with a trowel or a rule so that the top layer of the base is as smooth as possible. Once the foundation has hardened (approximately one week, depending on depth and weather conditions), further construction can begin.

Frame and cladding

Then, to build a plywood country house with your own hands, you need to assemble a frame. Frame construction represents a step-by-step implementation of the following stages of work:

Insulation

Options for insulating a DIY garden house.

In-wall

Foam coat

Polystyrene foam grade C25 or more used for external wall decoration.

• The foam plastic is fixed with cement glue, and the adhesive beacons can compensate for the unevenness of the wall surface. For additional fastening of the slabs, plastic dowel umbrellas are used.
• The same cement glue is applied on top of the foam plastic with a wide spatula, then reinforcement is embedded into it - fiberglass mesh with a cell size of 3x3 mm and a density of at least 170 g/m2. The mesh is glued with the strips overlapping by 70-80 mm.
• Then the mesh is covered with a layer of glue so as to hide its texture.

Subsequent finishing is at the discretion of the owner of the house. As a rule, the walls are finished with decorative plaster or painted with facade paint. Instead of polystyrene foam, glued mineral wool slabs can be used. At the same time, they are much safer in terms of fire spread, however, they will cost much more.

Ventilated facade

If the vapor permeability of the walls is most important, then a ventilated façade is made:

• A sheathing is constructed on the walls (using a galvanized profile or timber).
• Mineral wool slabs are inserted into the spacer between the sheathing elements or under it, secured with dowel-umbrellas.
• The top of the insulation is covered with a windproof membrane.
• Afterwards, the facade is covered with siding along the sheathing.

Roof

For frame houses, lightweight roofing materials are used: corrugated sheets or soft tiles.

To the top sheathing rafter beams are attached, which are placed according to the level and are additionally fixed with jibs. The step between the beams should be no more than a meter. Then they make the sheathing with boards. The distance between the boards will depend on what roofing material is chosen. When using soft tiles, the step between the sheathing boards is small.

Then, when the sheathing is done, you need to lay a waterproofing layer. For which roofing felt is quite suitable, which is laid overlapping, the joints are fastened perpendicular to the sheathing and the roofing material is laid.

Finishing

Since the main material for the construction of a frame house is plywood, then interior and exterior decoration necessary. The best choice for exterior finishing material is siding, which does not weigh down the walls of the house much and is easy to install. The variety of textures and colors also speaks in its favor. In addition to siding, you can use wooden or plastic lining for external work.

For interior decoration materials can be decorative plaster, wallpaper, paint, tiles. But to apply certain finishes you will need to install plasterboard sheets.

The presence of a garden house on a country plot allows it to be used for permanent or temporary residence, storage of various accessories, or full-fledged reception of guests. He can also serve as a base room for a construction team in the case of constructing a large cottage. And the most important thing is that you can do it yourself without the involvement of specialists, you only need attention, patience and compliance with all recommendations.

After purchasing a country plot for a summer residence, the question of how to build a country house with your own hands becomes urgent. Well, building it yourself is quite possible, unless, of course, you are planning a huge “palace” that requires the involvement of construction equipment and a team of professionals.

Usually compact buildings are chosen for a dacha, but, nevertheless, the house must have everything necessary for rest - rooms, kitchen, veranda. The latter will become a favorite place for an evening pastime all family. It is very important to make the country house cozy and comfortable, so you need to think through all the nuances of its arrangement.

The optimal material for a country house building is wood, and the principle of construction is a frame structure.

Of course, the first thing that will need to be done is to decide on the location and size of the building, draw up a project, and plan further work.

Proe ct of a small country house

The size of the future house largely depends on the area of ​​the summer cottage, the number of family members and the financial capabilities of the owners. If you plan correctly, draw up a successful project and choose inexpensive but high-quality material for construction, you can save space, money and work time.

In any case, the first steps are drawing up a project

Most often, a country house has a size of 5.0 × 6.0 or 4.0 × 6.0 m. Larger buildings are erected much less frequently, and mainly in cases where they are planned to be used year-round. But this, most likely, will not be a country house, but a full-fledged country house.

The layout of the house may have to be carried out on the basis of requirements that can be established by the board of the gardening association, therefore, when purchasing, you need to find out about such nuances in advance. The following distances are most often required:

• The house must be installed at a distance of 3 meters from the border of the neighboring plot, and from the fence separating the plot from the general passage (street) - 5 meters.
• In order to ensure fire safety, a stone house is placed at a distance of at least six meters from another stone building, and ten meters from a wooden one. If the house is wooden, then it should be installed at a distance of no closer than 15 meters from another wooden building.
• To prevent the house from blocking neighboring buildings from sunlight, if it is placed on the eastern, southern or western side of the site, it is located at a distance from another residential building at least equal to its height.

Usually, to install a country house, the highest place in the area where Water will not collect when snow melts or from heavy rains. Increased humidity under the house will never benefit any building material, but it will always have a negative impact on the overall strength and durability of the structure.

Most often, the following construction technologies are chosen for the construction of country houses: frame-panel construction, log houses, walls made of blocks or bricks.

For summer cottages, designs of one-story houses with closed or open verandas or terraces are predominantly chosen. Often a building has an attic space used for storing garden tools and other things that seem unnecessary in everyday use, but which can always be useful in the country. However, it also happens that in some projects there are no attic floor beams at all, and then the roof slopes simultaneously serve as a ceiling.

If the family is large, and the area of ​​the plot is not as large as we would like, then you can plan a two-story house that takes up very little space at the base. In this case, the first floor can be used as a living room, terrace and kitchen, and on the second floor you can arrange cozy sleeping areas for the whole family.

Not at all necessary in a dacha building, build a full second floor, since its role can be perfectly fulfilled by an attic superstructure. By decorating it with natural materials, you can create a wonderful, healthy country atmosphere.

Country houses are mainly used in the warm season, starting with the arrival of spring and ending in autumn. Therefore, they do not require enhanced insulation of walls and roofs, but devices for heating the premises must still be provided - in case of cold nights or drops in temperature during unstable weather. Typically, electrical appliances are used as heaters, for example, convectors or infrared film emitters, but sometimes owners even prefer to install fireplaces or cast iron heating and cooking stoves.

By the way, if you plan to build a real fireplace or brick stove, then they must be included in the project being compiled.

There are also ready-made versions of country houses, sold complete in disassembled form, which simply need to be delivered to the site and assembled. Any such set of parts must be accompanied by detailed instructions, which outline the procedure for carrying out the work, basic technological techniques and connection diagrams of individual elements and assemblies.

For the owner of the site, who has basic construction skills, it will not be difficult to assemble such a country house yourself. The main advantage of this option is that the kit often already includes everything necessary for the building’s electrical network, its ventilation system, and even for installing the water supply.

Video: a small, neat country house that lives up to its name

What type of house to choose?

Having decided on the approximate plan of the future house, you need to choose the material for its construction. This choice will determine not only the appearance of the building itself, but also the comfort of staying in it, as well as the costs of its construction.

• The traditional material for a country house is wood, which will create a favorable microclimate in it, filling it with the smells of the forest. A wooden house can be built using a frame method, from timber or logs. The disadvantage of wooden buildings is considered to be the high fire hazard of the material.

However, wooden houses have always been built, and many of them have stood for centuries. Today, there are special fire-retardant impregnations on sale that significantly reduce the risk of fire in wooden buildings. And in general - the most important thing here is not the material, but the human factor - it is people’s neglect of basic fire safety requirements that in the overwhelming majority of cases becomes the cause of fire.

• The construction of a brick structure will cost much more, but it can with good reason be called a full-fledged house, which can be used not only in the summer, but also, if necessary, in the winter, if you install a stove in it. Brick buildings are much less susceptible to fire and, with high-quality masonry, will last a very long time. Their disadvantages include a more complex and lengthy construction process, requiring special skills, and the high price of materials.

• Very often, different materials are used when building a country house. For example, a house is built from wood, but on a foundation made of concrete, brick or blocks.

This option can be called optimal, since a foundation made of moisture-resistant materials will create optimal conditions for the construction of walls made of wood, thus becoming a reliable foundation for the house.

It is this last option that is worth considering, since it is the most popular of all types of country houses.

Stages of construction of a country house

Materials for building a country house

If you don’t want to bother with calculations, then it’s better to purchase a prefabricated ready-made model of a house that has a certain area, for which you only need to prepare a place.

In all other cases, you will need to purchase building materials. Their type, size, volume, total number - all depending on the size of the planned building, which is determined by the project.

Prices for various types of timber

Foundation material

For any type of foundation you will need the following materials:

— sand, crushed stone, cement;

- third-grade board and timber for formwork;

- brick or concrete blocks;

— waterproofing material (roofing felt);

— expanded clay of the middle fraction.

Wall and roof material

Since wood was chosen for the construction of the walls, other materials will be selected based on this:

— bars and boards of different sizes, depending on the design parameters;

— fastening elements — nails, self-tapping screws, bolts, studs;

- corners of different configurations, metal plates - for fastening nodes;

— vapor barrier film;

— insulation — mineral wool, ecowool or expanded clay;

— to cover the roof, it is better to choose a lightweight material — ondulin or corrugated sheeting.

Once the installation location for the future house has been determined and the materials have been purchased, you can proceed to arranging the foundation. True, first you will have to decide on its type.

Country house foundation

Even when erecting such a small and light building as a wooden country house, you cannot do without a foundation. In this case, one of two types is ideal for these purposes - a columnar and strip foundation. Which one to choose depends on the preferences of the builder.

• A column foundation will be a less expensive option, as it will allow you to seriously save on building materials. In addition, such a foundation can be completed independently, without outside help, which will also save some money.

You can find out in detail how to build it correctly by following this link to the corresponding page of our portal.

• To create a strip foundation, you will need not only a larger amount of materials, but also a fairly long period of time. This is not surprising - a trench will need to be dug along the entire perimeter of the future house, waterproof it, install a reinforcement structure, build formwork and fill the foundation pit with concrete. And after that, whether you like it or not, it will take another month until the filled tape completely hardens and gains brand strength.

However, strip foundations are still very popular among individual developers. This option is convenient because it allows you to make a basement under the house, however, to do this, the foundation walls will have to be raised above the soil surface by 700 ÷ 800 mm. is described in detail in the article, which can be found on our portal by following the link provided.

If a columnar foundation is selected, then it is recommended to remove the top layer of soil by 150 ÷ ​​200 mm from the site, which will be located under the house and around it by 500 ÷ 600 mm. Then pour a 30 ÷ 40 mm layer of sand into the resulting pit, which should be compacted. A layer is laid on top of the sand cushion mid-fraction crushed stone and is also compacted, and the remaining space must be filled with expanded clay of the middle fraction. All these procedures are done to ensure that small rodents cannot get close to the house. They cannot stand expanded clay (especially small clay), as it contains a large amount of dust and has a loose surface.

Fine expanded clay is an excellent rodent repellent

To protect the house from the penetration of large rodents or other uninvited guests from the animal world, it is advisable to cover the space under the house with a metal mesh with cells no larger than 10 mm.

Construction of a frame structure

For a country house, the best choice is a frame structure

A frame house can be placed on either a columnar or strip foundation. Construction always starts from the foundation, which must be reliably waterproofed two or three layers of laid roofing felt.

• If the project includes a veranda, you must immediately separate its zone, over which a roof will be erected, but there will be no solid walls. To support the roof over the veranda, you can use the racks of the general wall frame. Another option - veranda will be attached to the house separately.
• Without exception, all wooden workpieces must be treated with antiseptic compounds and fire retardants. These impregnations will increase the resistance of wood to fire, to decay, will prevent the appearance of insect nests or colonies of microflora representatives - mold or fungus.

• After the workpieces have received proper preparation and are completely dry, during construction, a lower frame (crown) is first made, which will be laid on the foundation and will subsequently be used to install the floor.

In order for the floor to be reliable, it is necessary to use high-quality timber of the required cross-section for the frame. If funds allow, then it is better to choose wooden elements not according to the “lower limit” of dimensions, but by placing a certain margin in their cross-section.

The table shows the optimal dimensions of timber for a frame house:

• The frame support beams are mounted on crown bars located along the perimeter of the foundation, at a distance of 600 ÷ 700 mm from each other. They are secured using corners or by inserting. If the elements are large in cross-section, they can additionally be fastened with metal brackets.

• When the lower frame with support beams is ready, the wall frames are made. They can be assembled separately, and then, when finished, lifted and secured to the framing bars.

Another option is to lift the frame directly into place. For example, if a house is being erected independently, without helpers, then it will be very difficult to lift the finished frame from the tent alone to the height of the frame, install it evenly and temporarily fix it until it is finally secured. This means that each of the bars will have to be placed separately.

• The size of the bars for the wall frame posts must be at least 100x100 mm, but it can also be mounted from boards with a cross-section of at least 50x150 mm.

The bars are secured to the lower frame using powerful corners that can hold them in a vertical position. It is best to use self-tapping screws rather than nails for fastening - the difference in price is not so significant, but the quality and reliability of the assembly is incomparably higher.

• When installing vertical racks, you need to immediately mark the location of the openings for windows and doors. It is best to leave the area where they are to be installed free in the frame, and install the part of the wall with the window opening separately.

Then, when the upper strapping block is installed and secured to all other vertical posts, the area with the window opening is secured to the space left for it.

• All four walls are assembled in the same way. At the corners, the side posts are fastened together with corners, or instead of two separate ones, one common corner post is mounted. It is recommended to support it with diagonal struts on both sides - they will add rigidity to the entire wall structure.

• The doorway is installed in the frame immediately. It is reinforced with an additional rack, since a door suspended on hinges has a certain weight, which must be calmly supported by both the reinforced opening and the entire wall frame.

• If you plan to sheathe the frame from the outside with clapboard, then this is the next step. The sheathing will give the structure additional rigidity, which will allow the installation of the attic floor to continue and

Installation of the floor can be carried out immediately after the outer wall cladding, but only if the roof will be covered on the same day. It is highly undesirable for your freshly laid flooring to get wet if it rains unexpectedly at night. Therefore, it is better to first resolve the issue with the roof, and then calmly deal with all other construction activities inside the house.

Roof construction and roofing

Types of rafter systems

A few words need to be said about the types of rafter systems, since, moving on to the construction of the roof, it is necessary to have a general idea about this, to know which design is best to choose.

There are two types of rafter systems - hanging and layered.

Hanging system

The hanging rafter system is distinguished by the fact that it is installed only on external load-bearing walls and has no other supports. It is perfect for erecting over a small country house building. In order to lighten the load on the wooden walls and on the foundation, hanging rafters are fastened with ties.

The hanging structure itself consists of a transverse beam, which also performs an overlapping function, and can simultaneously serve as a frame for lining the ceiling, as well as rafter legs that form the roof slopes.

Layered system

A layered system is installed if the house, in addition to external walls, has internal permanent partitions that will become additional support points. This scheme can also be used when constructing the roof of a country house, if it has a large area and its rooms are separated by walls built on the foundation.

When installing this system, the load on the load-bearing side walls becomes weaker, so it will be possible to use fewer retaining elements. It is perfect for attic structures that will be used as living quarters.

Floor beams

An important structural element is the floor beams

The beams are laid exactly above the vertical posts of the wall frame. In order for them to fit tightly on the upper strapping belt, grooves are cut out at their edges. The size of the grooves can be calculated based on the formula shown in the figure.

The beams are secured to the frame structure of the walls using nails or self-tapping screws, and in addition they are sometimes fixed on both sides with metal corners.

Having completed the installation of the ceiling beams, you can proceed to building the roof truss system. For safety reasons, temporary plank flooring is laid on the floor beams to ensure comfortable movement along the attic plane during installation of the rafters.

Installation of the rafter system

The roof truss system can be mounted using different sequences of fastening its elements:

• First option. It is necessary to fasten the outer pairs of rafter legs on the ground, then lift them onto the harness and install them ready-made on the gable walls of the house. And then connect them with a ridge beam, and mount the remaining pairs of rafters on it.
• Second option. To begin, install the middle posts along the gables, then fasten them with a ridge beam or board, onto which the rafters are then attached.
• Third option. In this case, pairs of rafter legs in their upper part are attached to each other with a ridge plate, and their lower side is fixed to the wall frame, which in this embodiment will act as a mauerlat.

The cross-section of beams or logs used for rafter legs must be strictly maintained - depending on the rafter length between two support points, and depending on the step between adjacent pairs of rafters

Maximum permissible rafter leg length (in mm)	Rafter spacing (in mm)
	1100		1400		1750		2100
	Section of the rafter leg (in mm)
	bars with cross-section	logs Ø	bars with cross-section	logs Ø	bars with cross-section	logs Ø	bars with cross-section	logs Ø
up to 3000	80×100	100	80×100	130	90×100	150	90×160	160
up to 3600	80×130	130	80×160	160	80×180	180	90×180	180
up to 4300	80×160	160	80×180	180	90×180	180	100×200	200
up to 5000	80×180	180	80×200	200	100×200	200	-	-
up to 5800	80×200	200	100×200	200	-	-	-	-
up to 6500	100×200	200	120×220	240	-	-	-	-

It should be noted that the attachment point for the rafters in its lower part will depend on the angle at which they are fastened to the ridge and how long they are.

If the rafter is long enough and protrudes beyond the load-bearing walls, then a notch is cut out on it, with which it will be installed on the strapping beam (). An example of such a notch is shown in the picture:

If the rafter ends at the edge of the load-bearing wall, then its lower edge is cut at a right angle to the Mauerlat, and the leg itself can be fixed to it using a special fastening plate, a sliding support, an angle, a bracket, nails or long screws.

If the house is very small, then after securing the rafters to the frame, tying them with ridge beams or boards, you most likely will not have to install additional supporting elements.

Detailed information about the exact details can be obtained from a special publication on our portal by following the recommended link:

For installation of additional reinforcing elements of the rafter system, the material can be selected in accordance with the recommendations indicated in the table:

Prices for various types of fasteners for rafters

Rafter fasteners

Roofing system

After the rafters and additional elements form the roof slopes, you can proceed to the installation of the subsystem for the roof deck.

• The first thing that needs to be done on the outside of the roof, after installing the rafters, is to lay a vapor barrier film, securing it first with staples and then with counter-lattice strips on the rafters.

The film is laid perpendicular to the rafters, starting from the lower eaves of the roof. The overlap between two adjacent strips must be at least 200 mm.

• The main batten is mounted perpendicular to the counter-lattice, onto which the roofing material will be attached. The installation step of the guides depends on the type and size of the sheets of roofing material.

If a soft roof is chosen to cover the roof, then instead of sheathing slats, the slopes are covered completely - with plywood, and then with waterproofing sheets of roofing felt, which are overlapped by 150 ÷ ​​200 mm and glued together with bitumen mastic. Another option is to use soft bitumen decorative tiles, which are laid using a similar technology.

• The following roofing materials are most often used for wooden houses (depending on the steepness of the roof slope).
  

• The selected roofing material is laid and secured onto the prepared base. The work starts from the cornice, and if the first row is laid from right to left, then all other rows are installed according to the same pattern.

Some types of roofing materials have a strictly specified installation pattern in direction, which cannot be changed. This must be indicated in the instructions supplied with them.

Also, for any type of sheet roofing material, the amount of overlap in the direction of the slope (usually 150 ÷ ​​200 mm) and the number of waves (relief protrusions) in the horizontal direction along the roof are determined.

• Almost all roofing materials are secured to the sheathing using special nails or self-tapping screws with waterproofing gaskets.

• It is very important to correctly select and secure the ridge elements of the roof, otherwise it will leak at the first rain. Typically, the ridge element is selected from the same material as the covering of the roof slopes.
• Next, the eaves of the roof are finished - this can be done with wooden or plastic lining. Sometimes special plastic elements - soffits - are used for these purposes.

• Then elements of the roof drainage system are installed on the wind board - funnels, gutters on brackets, pipes, etc.

• Next, the gable sides of the rafter system are sheathed. Most often, wooden or plastic lining or even planed boards are used for this.

For the lining, a special profile is fixed around the perimeter of the pediment triangle, into which the prepared panels, cut at the desired angle, will be installed. Installation is usually done symmetrically - from the middle post to one side and then the other - then the cladding will be smooth and neat.

By the way, install the lining, Besides, you can do it horizontally, in a herringbone pattern, or come up with a more complex pattern.

Detailed information about the technology can be found in the article posted on our website by clicking on link.

Now, having finished the external finishing of the roof and being confident that rain will no longer get inside the country house, you can move on to installing windows and doors, insulation, flooring and wall cladding.

Installation of windows and doors

• Window frames are mounted in the frame openings left for them and leveled. For preliminary fixation when placing the frame, spacers made of wooden blocks or slats are installed between it and the opening bars.

Then, after checking the correct installation, the frames are attached to the wall frame with metal strips. The remaining gaps between the frame and frame bars are filled with polyurethane foam. After it dries, the excess is cut off, and platbands are installed around the windows on the outside of the wall, which will close the unsightly appearance of the gaps and give neatness to the overall appearance of the house.

• It is best to install the door together with the door frame, if it has sufficient rigidity. This will make it much easier to align the entire structure with the level in the wall doorway.

It is best to install the door as a block - together with the frame and leaf

When exposing the door frame, if necessary, to achieve a clear vertical position, place wedges (inserts) made of wooden slats. The door frame is secured to the frame in the same way as window frames, using metal strips, and the gap is filled with polyurethane foam.

Having installed all the windows and doors, you can proceed to installing the floor.

Installation and insulation of floors

To begin with, the temporary flooring from the boards (if there was one) is removed from the lower frame, and then you need to install the subfloor.

• To do this, cranial bars are nailed or screwed onto the frame supporting beams. They are necessary for laying transverse subfloor boards on them.

• Next, boards cut to exact size or plywood 8 ÷ 10 mm thick are laid on the skull blocks - this flooring will serve as a subfloor.
• The subfloor laid on top is closed hydro- paro— insulating film, which should cover both the load-bearing beams and the entire floor plane. Individual sheets of material are laid overlapping (by 150 ÷ ​​200 mm) and taped at the joints with waterproof tape.

• Next, insulation material is laid or poured onto the vapor barrier film. If you don’t want to have neighbors who like to live under the floor, then it is better to use expanded clay of medium or fine fraction, or ecowool, to insulate the floor - these toothy pests simply do not live in such materials.

• Another layer of film membrane is laid on top of the insulation, which is nailed to the supporting beams with staples. The installation principle is exactly the same as on a subfloor.

The floor is finished!

• The entire structure is then covered with thick plywood or wooden floorboards.

Prices for thermal insulation materials

Thermal insulation materials

Measures for additional thermal insulation

When the floor is completely ready, the walls of the house are insulated and sheathed from the inside. If the building will be used only in the warm season, then the insulation will still not hurt - it will work as an insulator of the premises from heating in extreme heat. Therefore, it is recommended to lay a thermal insulation layer not only in the walls, but also in the ceiling, and if it is missing, place insulation along the internal slopes of the roof.

• First, a vapor barrier material is attached to all walls and ceiling beams. Then the ceiling is covered with clapboard, plywood or plasterboard.
• After covering the ceiling, the walls are insulated. Insulation mats are laid between the frame posts. It is necessary to ensure that the mats fit as tightly as possible against the bars of the wall frame, so that there are no gaps left.

That is why mineral wool is most often used as insulation - after being tightly laid between the racks, it will straighten out, completely filling the entire space. The material is usually selected so that the thickness of the mats and the thickness of the frame posts are the same.

• After this, all walls are again covered with vapor barrier film.

• The next step is covering the walls with wooden paneling, plywood or. The latter, during subsequent decorative finishing of the walls, can be painted with water-based paint or covered with wallpaper.

• Next, the attic floor is insulated, where the insulation is placed between the floor beams.

If the ceiling is sheathed on the side of the house with plasterboard or clapboard, then we must not forget that you cannot step on it, since the sheathing will not support the weight of a person. You must move carefully along the floor beams.

• If the attic is planned to be used for storing various garden supplies, then a flooring made of boards or plywood with a thickness of at least 10 mm should be secured on top of the insulation on the floor beams.
• The finishing touches of the interior decoration will be the installation of platbands on windows and doors, ceiling and floor skirting boards and closing the corners with fittings.

Extensions to the house

The last stages of arranging a country house are installation work on the veranda and porch.

If a place is left in advance for the veranda on the frame lying on the foundation, then a board is laid on this space to cover the floor (material for open areas is used), a fence is installed and a canopy is mounted.

If the foundation is raised high enough above the ground, then a porch is also attached to it.

Building a country house with your own hands is a completely doable task, but it will be quite difficult to do without helpers. Therefore, it is best to seek help from a knowledgeable craftsman who has experience in such work, will always give useful advice and show how to correctly install certain components in the structure of the house. You can “mobilize” your relatives and friends - it is possible that a knowledgeable person will be among them.

Video: building a country house using frame technology