Diphenhydramine contraindications. Diphenhydramine instructions for use in ampoules for adults

Diphenhydramine is an antiallergic pharmacological agent that works on the principle of blocking the functioning of histamine H1 receptors. This drug has been widely used in medicine for the last several decades.

Diphenhydramine is produced in the form of a solution for injection intravenously and intramuscularly, placed in ampoules, as well as in the form of tablets for oral administration. The main active ingredient in this drug is diphenhydramine. One milliliter of the drug contains 10 milligrams of this substance (1 percent). Diphenhydramine is available in 1 milliliter ampoules.

Operating principle

The action of Diphenhydramine is based on its ability to block H1-histamine receptors and m-cholinergic receptors in the brain. As a result, the likelihood of smooth muscle spasms that occur due to the action of histamines is reduced, tissue swelling is eliminated, the overall permeability of capillaries increases, and itching and swelling are eliminated. The drug can also work as an anesthetic and sedative with a pronounced hypnotic effect.

In addition, the drug has a certain effect on blood vessels when allergic and inflammatory reactions occur, which helps reduce blood pressure. However, the use of this drug in patients with low blood volume in circulatory system, there is a possibility of increased symptomatic manifestations of arterial hypotension.

In patients with partial brain damage and epileptic seizures, even when using low doses of the drug, epileptic discharges are observed, which can cause epileptic seizures.

Diphenhydramine has a bioavailability of 50 percent. The highest concentration of the drug in the body, depending on the individual characteristics of the patient, is achieved 20-50 minutes after the injection. The highest concentration of the active substance is determined in the tissues of the lungs, kidneys, liver and spleen. The drug binds to plasma proteins at a level of 98-99 percent. Diphenhydramine is able to penetrate the blood-brain barrier.

The drug is mainly metabolized in liver cells, and also partially in the human kidneys and lungs. Period of elimination from tissues internal organs is 6 hours. The half-life ranges from 4 to 10 hours.

After a day, the drug is completely excreted through the kidneys in the form of metabolites that are conjugated with glucuronic acid. A fairly significant part of the active substance of the drug is excreted through breast milk, which can have a pronounced sedative effect on the child or, conversely, a reverse reaction in the form of excessive overstimulation.

What helps and what contraindications exist

The main indications for the use of Diphenhydramine include:

• itching of allergic origin;
• caused by an allergic reaction;
• allergic type;
• chronic form;
• itchy;
• dermatographism;
• and other allergic reactions of the body.

Diphenhydramine can also be used as a sedative sleeping pill in case of sleep disturbances.

Contraindications for the use of liquid Diphenhydramine include the following patient conditions:

• individual sensitivity to individual components included in the drug;
• angle-closure glaucoma;
• condition of prostate hyperplasia;
• stomach ulcer;
• bladder stenosis;
• chronic epileptic seizures;
• high blood pressure.

Instructions for use of Diphenhydramine in ampoules for adults and children

Diphenhydramine in liquid form is intended for intramuscular and intravenous injections. For children over 12 years of age and adults, this drug is prescribed in a dosage of 10 to 50 mg per day. The maximum daily dose cannot exceed 150 mg. For children under one year of age this medicine is prescribed in the form of injections with doses of 0.2 to 0.5 milliliters per day. Children aged 2 to 5 years - 0.5-1.5 milliliters per day, from 6 to 12 years - 1.5-3 milliliters per day. The interval between injections should be at least 6-8 hours.

Pregnant women should only use this drug if the benefits of its use outweigh the possible negative consequences for the developing fetus. At breastfeeding It is recommended to stop breastfeeding while using Diphenhydramine.

In some cases, Diphenhydramine in ampoules can be taken. It should be taken into account that in order to achieve an effect similar to the tablet form of Diphenhydramine, the total dosage should be increased liquid form when using the solution for injection orally.

Diphenhydramine as a sleeping pill acts within 30 minutes, but this time may vary depending on the individual characteristics of the patient’s body.

Overdose and possible adverse reactions

An overdose of Diphenhydramine may cause excitement or, conversely, depression of the nervous system. This effect is especially pronounced in children. In addition, dry mouth, dilated pupils and problems with the functioning of the digestive system may occur.

If the amount of the administered drug is exceeded, it is necessary to eliminate symptomatic manifestations. In the process of eliminating the consequences of an overdose of Diphenhydramine, the use of analeptics and adrenaline is strictly prohibited.

When using Diphenhydramine, the nervous system may exhibit the following adverse reactions: fatigue and drowsiness, lack of coordination of movements, disruption of sleep patterns, a decrease in the speed of mental and motor reactions, constant irritability, tremors of the limbs.

The heart and blood vessels often react as follows: increased heart rate, a drop in blood pressure, and the development of extrasystole.

There is also a possibility of developing allergic reactions such as itching and rashes on the skin, condition, and the appearance of urticaria.

On the part of the organs involved in hematopoiesis, the following may appear: side effects: thrombocytopenia, anemia, and the development of agranulocytosis.

In addition, the use of Diphenhydramine in some patients may cause problems with urination.

Important information

Diphenhydramine can enhance the effects of alcohol and any other medicines, differing in their impact on the central nervous system. For this reason, you should avoid drinking alcoholic beverages while using this drug.

Through the simultaneous use of Analgin and Diphenhydramine, the effect of this remedy can be enhanced.

If you have chronic kidney and liver diseases, it is important to consult your doctor before starting to take the medication to minimize side effects.

Diphenhydramine

International nonproprietary name

Diphenhydramine

Dosage form

Solution for injection 1%, 1 ml

Compound

1 ml of solution contains

activesubstanceso - diphenhydramine hydrochloride 10.0 mg, Excipients - water for injection, 0.1 M hydrochloric acid

Description

Clear, colorless or slightly colored liquid

Pharmacotherapeutic group

Systemic antihistamines. Aminoalkyl ethers. Diphenhydramine

ATX code R06AA02

Pharmacological properties

Pharmacokinetics The maximum concentration in the blood plasma is reached after 20-40 minutes (the highest concentration is determined in the lungs, spleen, kidneys, liver, brain and muscles). Penetrates the blood-brain barrier.

In sufficiently large quantities, the drug is excreted in breast milk and can cause a sedative effect in infants (a paradoxical reaction characterized by excessive excitability may be observed).

80-85% binds to blood plasma proteins.

It is quickly and almost completely metabolized in the liver, partially in the lungs and kidneys.

The half-life is 1-4 hours. Within 24 hours, it is completely excreted by the kidneys in the form of metabolites conjugated with glucuronic acid.

Pharmacodynamics Antihistamine, sedative and hypnotic. It is a histamine H1 receptor blocker. It has antiallergic activity, has an antispasmodic and moderate ganglion-blocking effect. Causes sedative and hypnotic effects, has a moderate antiemetic effect, and also has anticholinergic activity. The drug reduces the body's response to histamine, relieves smooth muscle spasms caused by histamine, reduces capillary permeability, prevents the development of tissue edema caused by histamine, prevents and facilitates the development of allergic reactions.

The maximum activity of action develops after 1 hour, the duration of action is from 4 to 6 hours.

Indications for use

Urticaria, hay fever, angioedema, allergic

conjunctivitis, vasomotor rhinitis, hemorrhagic vasculitis,

serum sickness, pruritic dermatoses

Sleep disorders (monotherapy or in combination with sleeping pills)

Chorea, seasickness and air sickness

Meniere's syndrome

Allergic complications associated with the use of various

medicines (including antibiotics), enzymes and other

drugs, with blood transfusions and blood-substituting fluids

Directions for use and doses

The drug is administered intramuscularly and intravenously.

Adults and children over 14 years old

Intramuscular: 1-5 ml (10-50 mg) of 1% solution (10 mg/ml) 1-3 times a day; the maximum daily dose is 150 mg (15 ml).

Intravenously: 2-4 ml of diphenhydramine should be diluted in 75-100 ml of isotonic (0.9%) sodium chloride solution and administered intravenously.

Children under 14 years of age

Diphenhydramine is prescribed at the rate of 0.1 ml per year of the child’s life, if necessary, every 6-8 hours.

The course of treatment is 7 days; the question of longer treatment is decided by the attending physician.

Side effect

Often(>1/100 to<1/10)

General weakness, drowsiness, impaired attention, instability

gait, dizziness, headache - gastrointestinal disorders such as anorexia, nausea, vomiting,

epigastric pain, diarrhea, constipation

Dryness of the mucous membranes of the mouth, nasal cavity, conjunctiva of the eyes,

nasal congestion

Unknown

Hypersensitivity reactions including rash, urticaria,

angioedema

Confusion, paradoxical arousal (eg,

increased energy, restlessness, nervousness) especially in older people

patients - convulsions, paresthesia, dyskinesia

Blurred vision, diplopia

Tachycardia, palpitations, hypotension - thickening of bronchial secretions, shortness of breath

Difficulty, frequent urination, urinary retention

Children may experience a paradoxical development of insomnia, irritability

and euphoria

Agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia

Photosensitivity

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to the drug

Angle-closure glaucoma

Prostatic hypertrophy

Stenosing ulcer of the stomach and duodenum - stenosis of the bladder neck - bronchial asthma - epilepsy - newborns and premature babies - pregnancy and lactation

Drug interactions

When used simultaneously, diphenhydramine enhances the sedative effect of ethanol and other drugs that depress the central nervous system (for example, tranquilizers, hypnotics).

When used simultaneously with monoamine oxidase inhibitors, the anticholinergic activity of diphenhydramine is enhanced and prolonged.

The drug should not be combined with MAO inhibitors; it is recommended to prescribe diphenhydramine 2 weeks after stopping their use.

Antagonistic interactions are observed when co-administered with psychostimulants. Reduces the effectiveness of apomorphine as an emetic in the treatment of poisoning. Enhances the anticholinergic effects of drugs with anticholinergic activity (for example, atropine, tricyclic antidepressants).

special instructions

During the treatment period, you should not be exposed to sunlight, UV rays, and you should avoid drinking alcohol.

The drug should be used with caution in older people due to a higher risk of side effects.

Peculiarities influence medicinal facilities on ability manage transport means or potentially dangerous mechanisms

Due to its sedative and hypnotic effects, diphenhydramine should not be prescribed while driving or operating potentially dangerous machinery.

Overdose

Treatment: induction of vomiting, gastric lavage, administration of activated charcoal; symptomatic and supportive therapy, monitoring breathing and blood pressure. There is no specific antidote.

Release form and packaging

1 ml is poured into neutral glass syringe-filled ampoules with a break point or ring.

A label made of label or writing paper is affixed to each ampoule.

5 or 10 ampoules are packed in blister packs made of polyvinyl chloride film and aluminum foil.

Outline blister packs, together with approved instructions for medical use in the state and Russian languages, are placed in boxes made of cardboard for consumer packaging or corrugated.

Storage conditions

Store in a place protected from light, at a temperature not exceeding 250C.

Keep out of the reach of children!

Shelf life

Do not use after expiration date.

Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies

On prescription

Manufacturer

Shymkent, st. Rashidova, 81

Registration Certificate Holder

JSC "Khimpharm", Republic of Kazakhstan

Address of the hosting organization on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan complaints from consumers regarding product (product) quality

JSC "Khimpharm", Republic of Kazakhstan,

Shymkent, st. Rashidova, 81

Phone number 7252 (561342)

Fax number 7252 (561342)

E-mail address [email protected]

The active substance of the drug is diphenhydramine. 1 ml contains 10 mg of active substance. In ampoules of 1 ml.

Pharmacological action of Diphenhydramine

The effect of the drug on the central nervous system is due to the blockade of H1 receptors in the brain and the inhibitory effect on cholinergic structures. The use of Diphenhydramine relieves spasms of smooth muscles, weakens allergic reactions, reduces capillary permeability, and has a sedative, local anesthetic, hypnotic, and antiemetic effect.

After an injection of Diphenhydramine, its effect develops within a few minutes and lasts up to 12 hours.

Indications for use of Diphenhydramine

According to the instructions, Diphenhydramine injections are indicated in the following cases:

• serum sickness;
• Quincke's edema;
• acute allergic conditions (as part of complex treatment and only in cases where the use of the tablet form is not possible);
• anaphylactoid and anaphylactic reactions (in combination with other drugs).

When pain of any etiology occurs, Analgin with Diphenhydramine produces a good analgesic effect.

Contraindications for use

Do not use Diphenhydramine if you are hypersensitive to diphenhydramine. Diphenhydramine injections are prohibited for prostatic hyperplasia, angle-closure glaucoma, epilepsy, duodenal and gastric ulcers, especially complicated by stenosis, as well as stenosis of the bladder neck.

Diphenhydramine is contraindicated in children under 7 months of age.

Diphenhydramine is not used as a local anesthetic due to the risk of local necrosis.

Diphenhydramine is prescribed with caution for bronchial asthma.

While using the drug, you should not drink alcoholic beverages, and you should not drive a car or drive potentially dangerous machinery.

Method of administration of Diphenhydramine and dosage regimen

According to the instructions, Diphenhydramine in ampoules is intended for intravenous or intramuscular administration.

Diphenhydramine for children over 14 years of age and adults is prescribed in a dosage of 1-5 ml three times a day. The maximum daily dose is 20 ml.

Diphenhydramine for children aged 7-12 months is prescribed in a dosage of 0.3-0.5 ml per day, at the age of 1-3 years - 0.5-1 ml of the drug per day, 4-6 years - 1-1.5 ml , 7-14 years – 1.5-3 ml per day. The drug may be administered every 8 hours if necessary.

Overdose of Diphenhydramine

An overdose of Diphenhydramine can cause stimulation or depression (especially in children) of the functions of the central nervous system. Dry mouth, dilated pupils, and gastrointestinal upset may also occur.

In case of overdose, it is necessary to perform gastric lavage and symptomatic treatment.

When treating an overdose, it is prohibited to use analeptics and adrenaline.

Drug interactions Diphenhydramine

Diphenhydramine in ampoules enhances the effect of ethanol and all drugs that depress the central nervous system.

When Diphenhydramine is used together with psychostimulants, an antagonistic interaction is observed.

When treating poisoning, Diphenhydramine can reduce the emetic effect of apomorphine.

The anticholinergic activity of diphenhydramine is enhanced by monoamine oxidase inhibitors.

To enhance the effect of the drug, injections of Analgin with Diphenhydramine are often used. So, to quickly relieve fever, this combination effectively helps: one ampoule of Analgin with Diphenhydramine and Papaverine.

Use during pregnancy and lactation

Diphenhydramine injections during pregnancy and breastfeeding should be prescribed with great caution and only in the absence of an adequate alternative.

Side effects of Diphenhydramine

On the part of the nervous system, side effects such as drowsiness, impaired coordination of movements, euphoria, insomnia, decreased speed of psychomotor reactions, agitation, irritability, and tremor are possible.

From the cardiovascular system, tachycardia, decreased blood pressure and extrasystole often occur.

Allergic reactions when taking Diphenhydramine: itching and skin rash, urticaria, photosensitivity.

Side effects from the hematopoietic organs: thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, agranulocytosis.

From the urinary system, urination disorders may occur.

Conditions and shelf life

Diphenhydramine is classified as a List B drug with a recommended shelf life of no longer than 5 years.

Diphenhydramine

Instructions for use:

Latin name: Dimedrol

ATX code: R06AA02

Active ingredient: Diphenhydramine

Analogues: Kalmaben, Dramina

Manufacturer: OJSC "Kiev Vitamin Plant" (Ukraine), Darnitsa (Ukraine), Galichfarm (Ukraine), Dalkhimfarm (Russia), Biosynthesis (Russia), Uralbiopharm (Russia)

Description current as of: 09/28/17

Price in online pharmacies:

Diphenhydramine belongs to the very first generation of antihistamines and is included in the list of the most important and vital medical substances. Diphenhydramine (international name Diphenhydramine) is a fine-crystalline white powder that tastes bitter and numbs the tongue receptors. Very easily soluble in alcohol, water and chloroform, practically insoluble in ether.

Active substance

Release form and composition

The drug is produced in the form of tablets of 20, 30 and 50 mg, suppositories, gel, sticks and pencils. Diphenhydramine is also produced in 1 ml ampoules and syringe tubes, in the form of 1% solutions for injection. The drug in ampoules is a frequently used pain reliever.

Indications for use

Diphenhydramine in ampoules, tablets and other forms of release is indicated in the treatment of the following diseases:

• Urticaria, hay fever, hay fever, serum sickness, vasomotor rhinitis, hemorrhagic vasculitis, allergic conjunctivitis, pruritic dermatosis, acute iridocyclitis.
• For allergic complications arising from drug therapy, as well as transfusion of blood substitute fluids and blood products.
• In complex therapy for the effective treatment of radiation sickness and anaphylactic shock.
• For extensive complex injuries of soft tissues and skin.
• For complex therapy of stomach ulcers, bronchial asthma, hyperacid gastritis.

Diphenhydramine injections are used as premedication and for local anesthesia in patients with a history of allergic reactions to various anesthetics. The use of injections is effective in the treatment of colds, Meniere's syndrome, sea and air sickness, vomiting, sleep disorders, and Parkinson's disease.

Contraindications

Diphenhydramine tablets and injections are strictly contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to their components, prostate hypertrophy, stenosing gastric and duodenal ulcers.

Prescribing Diphenhydramine to children during the neonatal period or premature babies is strictly prohibited. This drug should also not be used for angle-closure glaucoma or pyloroduodenal obstruction. Diphenhydramine is not prescribed to children and adults for bronchial asthma and bladder stenosis. For pregnant women, the drug can only be prescribed as an antiemetic.

Instructions for use Diphenhydramine (method and dosage)

Adults are prescribed Diphenhydramine to take PMG one to three times a day. The therapeutic course lasts a day.

As a sleeping pill and sedative, the drug is prescribed 50 mg in the evening, taken before bed, alone or in combination with other sleeping pills.

For the treatment of parkinsonism, treatment is carried out according to a special regimen: at the beginning of the course, 25 mg three times a day, with a gradual increase in dosage to 50 mg, taken four times a day.

Diphenhydramine injections are administered intramuscularly, 1-5 ml. For adults and children over fifteen years of age, the maximum daily dose is 15 ml of a 1% solution, and the maximum single dose is 5 ml of a 1% solution.

For children from two to six years old, Diphenhydramine is prescribed at a dose of 12.5-25 mg per day. For children aged six to twelve years, the recommended dose is mg every six to eight hours.

Side effects

The use of Diphenhydramine in ampoules and tablets can cause the following side effects:

• Hematopoietic and cardiovascular system - uncontrolled hypotension, tachycardia, extrasystole, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, agranulocytosis.
• Nervous system – fatigue, drowsiness, weakness, decreased attention, nervousness, dizziness, euphoria, paresthesia, tremor, confusion, excitability, visual impairment, diplopia, convulsions, tinnitus, neuritis.
• Digestive system - dry mouth, anorexia, nausea, diarrhea or constipation, vomiting, epigastric distress.
• Respiratory systems - dry nasopharyngeal mucosa, difficulty breathing, thickening of bronchial secretions.

The drug can cause photosensitivity, sweating, various allergic reactions, and chills.

Diphenhydramine in ampoules, tablets and other medicinal forms is strictly prohibited from being taken while under the influence of alcohol. Alcoholic drinks are prohibited during treatment with this drug, since even a small combination of the drug and alcohol significantly increases the state of intoxication, and a high dose of the drug can cause severe alcoholic delirium and complex psychosis.

Overdose

An overdose of a drug can lead to serious consequences and even death in children.

Analogues

pharmachologic effect

Diphenhydramine is one of those antihistamines that actively block H1 receptors, eliminating histamine effects mediated by this type of receptor. Prevents or reduces histamine-induced increase in the permeability of capillary walls, eliminates smooth muscle spasms, hyperemia, tissue swelling and itching.

It moderately blocks cholinergic receptors of the autonomic nerve ganglia, which provides antispasmodic and local anesthetic effects. Blocks H3 receptors in the brain, thereby inhibiting cholinergic central structures. In medical practice, the combination of analgin with diphenhydramine is widely used as an effective antipyretic and analgesic.

special instructions

Diphenhydramine should be prescribed with extreme caution to patients with hyperthyroidism, diseases of the cardiovascular system, and increased intraocular pressure. The drug should be prescribed with caution to children and elderly people, as well as to those working in areas where increased concentration is required.

During pregnancy and breastfeeding

Prescribed with caution during pregnancy and lactation.

In childhood

Contraindicated: children under 7 months.

In old age

Drug interactions

The drug is used in combination with other medications to enhance the therapeutic effect. To relieve heat and fever, the most effective injections are those that combine Analgin with Diphenhydramine, for which both drugs are combined in one syringe. It is prohibited to use the mixture more than once for six to eight hours. Otherwise, Analgin with Diphenhydramine may cause severe side effects.

Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies

Dispensed by prescription.

Storage conditions and periods

Store in a place protected from light, out of reach of children, at a temperature not exceeding 30 °C. Shelf life: 5 years.

Price in pharmacies

The price of Diphenhydramine starts from 10 rubles. for 1 package.

The description posted on this page is a simplified version of the official version of the annotation for the drug. The information is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute a guide for self-medication. Before using the medicine, you must consult a specialist and read the instructions approved by the manufacturer.

Diphenhydramine

Instructions for use:

Prices in online pharmacies:

Diphenhydramine is an antiallergic drug, an H1 receptor blocker.

Release form and composition

Dosage forms of Diphenhydramine:

• Tablets: white, round flat-cylindrical shape with a chamfer (10 pcs each in a strip pack, in a cardboard pack of 1, 2, 3 or 5 packs; 10 pcs in a cellless strip pack, in a paper bag 1 pack or in a cardboard box 1, 2 or 3 packages; 10 pieces or 20 pieces in dark glass jars, 1 jar in a cardboard pack);
• Solution for intravenous (i.v.) and intramuscular (i.m.) administration: colorless transparent liquid in ampoules of 1 ml (5 pcs. in a blister pack, 1 or 2 packs in a cardboard box; 10 pcs. in a cardboard box or 10 pieces in a strip pack, 2 packs in a cardboard box; 10 pieces in a blister pack, 1 pack in a cardboard box).

• Tablets: diphenhydramine hydrochloride, 1 pc. – 50 mg;
• Solution: diphenhydramine, 1 ml – 10 mg.

• Tablets: water-soluble methylcellulose – 0.326 mg; lactose monohydrate (milk sugar) – 75 mg, colloidal silicon dioxide (Aerosil) – 0.76 mg, corn starch – 23.154 mg, stearic acid – 0.76 mg;
• Solution: water for injection.

Indications for use

• Allergic reactions, including hay fever, urticaria, angioedema;
• Hemorrhagic vasculitis;
• Allergic conjunctivitis;
• Serum sickness;
• Chorea;
• Vasomotor rhinitis;
• Itchy dermatoses;
• Sleep disorders, as monotherapy or in combination with hypnotics;
• Vomiting of pregnancy;
• Air and sea sickness;
• Meniere's syndrome;
• Premedication.

Contraindications

• Stenosing ulcer of the duodenum and/or stomach;
• Bronchial asthma;
• Angle-closure glaucoma;
• Bladder neck stenosis;
• Prostate hypertrophy;
• Epilepsy;
• Hypersensitivity to diphenhydramine.

Diphenhydramine is prescribed with caution and according to strict indications during pregnancy and breastfeeding, only if the expected benefit to the mother outweighs the likely risk to the fetus or child.

Directions for use and dosage

• Tablets: taken orally. Dosage for adult patients: as a sleeping pill – 50 mg at bedtime; treatment – ​​pomg 1-3 times a day, throughout the day. For children, a single dose is: under 1 year of age – 2-5 mg; from 2 to 5 years – 5-15 mg; from 6 to 12 years – mg;
• Solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration: for adult patients, intramuscular injection in a dose of 50 to 250 mg, intravenous drip – mg. It is recommended to apply externally 1-2 times a day.

Side effects

The use of Diphenhydramine may cause side effects:

• Possible: drowsiness, short-term numbness of the oral mucosa, decreased attention, general weakness; in children - the paradoxical development of insomnia, euphoria and irritability;
• Rarely: headache, dizziness, incoordination, nausea, dry mouth, photosensitivity, tremor, accommodation paresis.

special instructions

During pregnancy and breastfeeding, the drug should be used under close medical supervision.

Prescribe with caution to patients engaged in potentially hazardous types of work, the performance of which requires rapid psychomotor reactions and increased attention.

Drug interactions

The use of Diphenhydramine increases the activity of drugs that depress the central nervous system and enhances the effect of ethanol.

Combination with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) increases the anticholinergic activity of the drug.

An antagonistic reaction occurs against the background of co-administration with psychostimulants.

The simultaneous use of the drug reduces the emetic effect of apomorphine in the treatment of poisoning.

The drug increases the anticholinergic effects of drugs with anticholinergic activity.

Analogues

Analogs of Diphenhydramine are: Diphenhydramine-ROS, Diphenhydramine-UBF, Diphenhydramine-UVI, Diphenhydramine-Vial, Diphenhydramine Bufus, Dramina, Calmaben.

Terms and conditions of storage

• Tablets: store in a dry place, protected from light;
• Solution: store in a place protected from light at temperatures up to 30 °C.

Keep away from children.

Shelf life – 5 years.

Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies

Dispensed by prescription.

Diphenhydramine 50 mg No. 20 tablets

Diphenhydramine 1% 1ml No. 10 ampoules

Information about the drug is generalized, provided for informational purposes and does not replace official instructions. Self-medication is dangerous to health!

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Analgin with diphenhydramine: indications, contraindications and recommended dosage

If a child or an adult has a high temperature for a long time, no antipyretics help, then those around them, as a rule, panic - the loved one is “burning”, and no measures bring relief. Of course, the most reasonable thing in this situation would be to call an ambulance team, which will not only help alleviate the patient’s condition, but also assess his well-being and determine the advisability of placing the patient in a medical facility. What if calling a doctor or an ambulance is impossible? In this case, an injection of analgin with diphenhydramine will help cope with high body temperature. How to give this injection correctly, in what proportions the two medications should be combined and what is the dosage for adults and children - these questions will be answered in the material presented.

When to use analgin with diphenhydramine

Each medication instruction contains a section that provides information about possible combinations of medications. This combination can have an extremely negative impact on the patient’s condition, but in some cases, the simultaneous use of two drugs has a positive effect - the drugs simply complement each other and bring noticeable relief to the patient. These drugs are Analgin and Diphenhydramine.

Analgin is an analgesic drug that can be used as an anti-inflammatory and antipyretic agent. Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine, antiemetic and sedative.

The combination of these two medications is recommended by doctors not only in case of high fever, which does not subside on its own and does not respond to antipyretic drugs. Here are just some of the conditions in which the use of analgin with diphenhydramine is quite advisable:

• renal and hepatic colic;
• toothache (acute);
• inflammatory processes in various organs and systems;
• condition after injury - intense pain;
• myalgia, joint pain, neuralgia;
• condition after high degree burns;
• recovery period after surgical interventions.

Analgin and diphenhydramine are available in different pharmacological forms - tablets, suppositories, injections, but it is the combination of solutions of the drugs in question that is most effective.

Note: after administering a solution of analgin with diphenhydramine, the patient’s condition improves within 15 minutes - the pain subsides and the body temperature decreases. This is the fastest way to reduce even too high a temperature, but this measure is urgent, emergency and in no way curative.

It is worth knowing that the administration of analgin and diphenhydramine solutions is accompanied by dehydration. To prevent this, doctors recommend that the patient drink plenty of fluids - immediately after administering analgin with diphenhydramine, the patient needs to drink at least 500 ml of water.

Contraindications to the use of analgin with diphenhydramine

The drugs in question have many contraindications for use. But in combination they only enhance each other’s effects, so you need to be extremely careful about possible contraindications. So, the use of analgin solution with diphenhydramine is strictly contraindicated if the patient has previously been diagnosed with:

• diabetes mellitus of any type;
• renal failure, which is severe;
• any blood pathologies;
• bronchial asthma with frequent relapses;
• diseases of the bladder, in particular – stenosis of the neck of this organ;
• ophthalmic diseases - for example, glaucoma
• liver failure occurring in a severe stage.

In addition, analgin with diphenhydramine is not used to provide emergency medical care to pregnant women, during breastfeeding and children under 12 months of age.

Note: diphenhydramine has a powerful sedative effect, accompanied by increased drowsiness, therefore, when using this combination of drugs, you should avoid driving a vehicle and doing dangerous activities. It is strictly forbidden to drink alcoholic beverages when administering analgin with diphenhydramine - such a combination can provoke severe poisoning, even leading to the patient’s coma.

Dosage of analgin with diphenhydramine

Violation of the dosage of the drugs in question in the direction of increase can lead to convulsive syndrome and death of the patient. Therefore, you need to know how to correctly calculate the dose and be extremely careful when administering drugs to children.

Dosage of analgin with diphenhydramine for children

• in children 1-4 years old - 100 milligrams once a day;
• at the age of 4 years – 12 years – 1 time per day no more than 250 milligrams;
• adolescents over 12 years of age - twice a day with suppositories.

If we talk about solutions for injections, the following dosage is recommended for children:

• Analgin - at the rate of 10 milligrams of the drug per kilogram of the patient’s weight;
• Diphenhydramine - at the rate of 0.41 milligrams for each year of the patient’s age.

The medications in question are drawn into one syringe and always in the sequence analgin-diphenhydramine. The drugs cannot be mixed/shaken in a syringe, but must be injected intramuscularly and very slowly.

Note: Papaverine is often added to the combination of analgin with diphenhydramine, but this can only be done as prescribed by a doctor.

Separately, it is worth mentioning the possible side effects that may appear when administering the medications in question:

• nausea and vomiting – repeated, and vomiting does not bring relief;
• cardiopalmus;
• bowel dysfunction – there may be constipation or diarrhea;
• severe sweating;
• deterioration of blood counts - decreased hemoglobin levels, diagnosis of anemia.

In pediatric practice, the use of analgin with diphenhydramine is an emergency measure; it should be one-time and in no case permanent.

Dosage for adults

If the drugs in question are intended to be administered to adults, then the need to maintain a safe dosage does not disappear. It is generally accepted that it is advisable for adults to administer 0.3 ml of Analgin and 0.2 ml of Diphenhydramine once. The effect of this complex solution lasts 6 hours, so there is simply no point in injecting too often. In general, if after the administration of analgin with diphenhydramine there is no improvement in well-being after 30 minutes, then this is a reason to immediately seek qualified medical help.

It is advisable for adults to give preference to injections of analgin with diphenhydramine (although there are also tablet forms of these drugs), since with this administration the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract, kidneys and liver are less exposed to stress.

Note: if it is possible to improve the patient’s condition in other ways, then you should abandon analgin with diphenhydramine - these drugs in combination are too aggressive.

The administration of the analgin + diphenhydramine solution is carried out according to the standard scheme:

• ampoules with drugs are wiped with alcohol and opened;
• first, analgin is drawn into the syringe, then diphenhydramine;
• You cannot shake the solution in the syringe;
• the medicine is administered intramuscularly;
• the rate of administration should be as slow as possible.

If the medications in question were administered, then after completion of treatment the patient must undergo a laboratory blood test, since its picture may change dramatically.

Analgin with diphenhydramine is a combination of solutions that will be effective for many pathological conditions. But it is worth remembering that such drugs must be administered either as prescribed by a doctor, or if it is impossible to seek qualified medical help. Be sure to follow the permitted dosages; the best option would be to consult a doctor before the need to use analgin with diphenhydramine occurs.

Tsygankova Yana Aleksandrovna, medical observer, therapist of the highest qualification category

Diphenhydramine ampoules 1%, instructions for use

injection solution 10 mg/ml

1 ml of solution contains

10 mg diphenhydramine (diphenhydramine).

H1-antihistamines. Sedatives and hypnotics.

It has antihistamine, antiallergic, antiemetic, hypnotic, and local anesthetic effects. Blocks histamine H1 receptors and eliminates the effects of histamine mediated through this type of receptor. Reduces or prevents histamine-induced smooth muscle spasms, increased capillary permeability, tissue swelling, itching and hyperemia. Antagonism with histamine manifests itself to a greater extent in relation to local vascular reactions during inflammation and allergies compared to systemic ones, i.e. decrease in blood pressure. Causes local anesthesia (when taken orally, a short-term sensation of numbness of the oral mucosa occurs), has an antispasmodic effect, blocks cholinergic receptors of the autonomic ganglia (lowers blood pressure). Blocks H3 - histamine receptors in the brain and inhibits central cholinergic structures. It has a sedative, hypnotic and antiemetic effect. It is more effective for bronchospasm caused by histamine liberators (tubocurarine, morphine, sombrevin), and to a lesser extent for allergic bronchospasm. For bronchial asthma it is inactive and is used in combination with theophylline, ephedrine and other bronchodilators.

After intravenous or intramuscular administration, it is widely distributed in the body, passes through the blood-brain barrier and the placenta. Binds to plasma proteins by 98-99%. Metabolized in the liver. The half-life (T1/2) is 1-4 hours. It is excreted in milk and can cause sedation in infants. Within a day, it is completely eliminated from the body, mainly in the form of benzhydrol conjugated with glucuronic acid, and only in small quantities - unchanged.

Indications for use

The drug is prescribed for treatment

• hives,
• hay fever,
• vasculitis,
• vasomotor rhinitis,
• angioedema,
• itchy dermatoses,
• acute iridocyclitis,
• allergic conjunctivitis and other allergic complications from taking various medications, including antibiotics.
• The drug is also used in the treatment of radiation sickness, chorea, sea and air sickness, and vomiting.
• Diphenhydramine solution 1% for injection can be used to reduce the severity of adverse reactions during blood transfusions, blood replacement fluids and other drugs.
• The drug is used as a sedative and hypnotic alone and in combination with other hypnotics.

Directions for use and doses

The drug is used intramuscularly, intravenously. The drug is not administered subcutaneously due to its irritating effect. Injected intramuscularly (1-5 ml of 1% solution). 20-50 mg of diphenhydramine is administered intravenously in 75-100 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution.

Maximum doses for adults when administered intramuscularly: single - 0.05 g (5 ml of 1% solution), daily - 0.15 g (15 ml of 1% solution).

Use with caution in patients with hyperthyroidism, increased intraocular pressure, diseases of the cardiovascular system, and in old age. Should not be used during work by vehicle drivers and people whose profession involves increased concentration of attention. During the treatment period, you should avoid drinking alcoholic beverages.

Side effects

From the nervous system and sensory organs: general weakness, fatigue, sedation, decreased attention, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, impaired coordination of movements, anxiety, increased excitability (especially in children), irritability, nervousness, insomnia, euphoria, confusion, tremor, neuritis, convulsions, paresthesia ; visual impairment, diplopia, acute labyrinthitis, tinnitus. In patients with local brain damage or epilepsy, it activates (even in low doses) convulsive discharges on the EEG and can provoke an epileptic attack.

From the cardiovascular system and blood: hypotension, palpitations, tachycardia, extrasystole, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia.

From the gastrointestinal tract: dry mouth, short-term numbness of the oral mucosa, anorexia, nausea, epigastric distress, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation.

From the genitourinary system: frequent and/or difficulty urinating, urinary retention, early menstruation.

From the respiratory system: dry nose and throat, nasal congestion, thickening of bronchial secretions, tightness in the chest and difficulty breathing.

Allergic reactions: rash, urticaria, anaphylactic shock.

Others: sweating, chills, photosensitivity.

Contraindications

• Hypersensitivity,
• lactation,
• childhood (newborn period and state of prematurity),
• angle-closure glaucoma,
• prostate hypertrophy,
• stenosing ulcer of the stomach and duodenum,
• pyloroduodenal obstruction,
• bladder neck stenosis,
• pregnancy,
• bronchial asthma.

Interaction with other drugs

Sleeping pills, sedatives, tranquilizers and alcohol enhance (mutually) the depression of the central nervous system. MAO inhibitors enhance and prolong anticholinergic effects.

dry mouth, difficulty breathing, persistent mydriasis, facial flushing, depression or agitation (more often in children) central nervous system, confusion; in children - the development of seizures and death.

symptomatic and supportive therapy against the background of careful monitoring of breathing and blood pressure levels.

Solution for injection 10 mg/ml in ampoules of 1 ml in packages No. 10.

Instructions for use of diphenhydramine in ampoules

Diphenhydramine in ampoules is a sedative, hypnotic and antihistamine drug, which is characterized by weak ganglion-blocking and local anesthetic properties.

Compound

The components included in the composition of diphenhydramine in ampoules are as follows:

• the main component is diphenhydramine hydrochloride;
• as an auxiliary - water for injection.

Indications for use

Diphenhydramine is prescribed by a doctor in the following cases:

1. allergic reactions (urticaria, hay fever);
2. allergic conjunctivitis;
3. acute iridocyclitis;
4. vasomotor rhinitis;
5. allergic dermatitis;
6. itchy dermatosis;
7. parkinsonism, chorea, insomnia;
8. sea ​​and air sickness, radiation sickness.

Contraindications for use

Instructions for the use of diphenhydramine in ampoules suggest the following contraindications to the use of the drug:

1. hypersensitivity;
2. at the time of lactation;
3. angle-closure glaucoma;
4. prostatic hypertrophy;
5. bladder neck stenosis;
6. bronchial asthma;
7. pregnancy.

Directions for use, dosage and side effects

Instructions for use of diphenhydramine involve intramuscular administration of the drug. Adults and children over 12 years of age can use diphenhydramine in mg.

If at least one of the symptoms listed below occurs, you should immediately consult a specialist.

When using diphenhydramine, the patient may experience the following side effects:

1. digestive system: dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, constipation and diarrhea;
2. nervous system: headache, drowsiness, dizziness, weakness, nervousness, anxiety, irritability, insomnia, neuritis, convulsions;
3. sense organs: tinnitus, vision changes, acute labyrinthitis;
4. genitourinary system: difficulty and frequent urination, early menstruation, urinary retention.

In case of overdose, patients experience suppression of the central nervous system, accompanied by agitation or depression, dry mouth, and paresis of the gastrointestinal tract.

Interaction of diphenhydramine with other drugs

1. Helps enhance the effect of ethanol and drugs that depress the central nervous system.
2. When taken in combination with psychostimulants, an antagonistic interaction is observed.
3. The effectiveness of apomorphine in the treatment of poisoning is reduced.
4. The anticholinergic effects of a drug with M-anticholinergic activity are enhanced.

The instructions for use suggest that diphenhydramine is pharmaceutically incompatible with amphotericin B, cefmetazole sodium, cephalothin sodium, hydrocortisone succinate, barbiturates, and some radiocontrast agents.

Precautionary measures

1. During pregnancy, it is necessary to use diphenhydramine under the strict supervision of a physician. When diphenhydramine is prescribed during pregnancy, a newborn may experience diarrhea and tremors during the first 5 days after birth. During the period of use of diphenhydramine, it is necessary to stop breastfeeding.
2. Use of diphenhydramine in pediatrics. Diphenhydramine should not be administered to newborns or premature infants. In children, hallucinations, convulsions, and death may occur when overdosed on antihistamines. In both adults and children, taking antihistamines can cause a decrease in mental activity. In young children, diphenhydramine promotes agitation.
3. When using antihistamines in old age, the following may occur: dizziness, sedation and hypotension.
4. Diphenhydramine has a similar effect to atropine, so it should be used with extreme caution in patients with bronchial asthma, increased intraocular pressure, hyperthyroidism, cardiovascular disease or hypertension.
5. Diphenhydramine may cause drowsiness, so you should not drink alcohol while using diphenhydramine as it has an additive effect.
6. When using diphenhydramine, it is necessary to take into account its effect on the ability to drive vehicles, so patients need to abandon all types of activities that require increased attention.

Diphenhydramine in ampoules: instructions for use

Solution for parenteral administration Diphenhydramine is a representative of the pharmacological group of drugs - H1-histamine receptor blockers. It has a pronounced antiallergic effect and is used in the treatment of various pathologies accompanied by increased levels of histamine in the body.

Release form and composition

Solution for parenteral administration Diphenhydramine is a colorless transparent liquid. The main active ingredient of the drug is diphenhydramine. Its content in 1 ml of solution is 10 mg (1% solution).

Diphenhydramine solution is contained in transparent glass ampoules of 1 ml, they are packaged in blister cardboard packaging of 10 pieces. The cardboard pack contains one blister pack and instructions for use of the drug.

pharmachologic effect

The active ingredient of the drug Diphenhydramine is a first generation H1-histamine receptor blocker. It blocks receptors of cells and tissues that respond to the influence of the main mediator of the allergic reaction, histamine. Due to this, the drug has a number of therapeutic effects, which include:

• Relaxation of the smooth muscles of the hollow organs, due to which diphenhydramine relieves spasm (narrowing) of the bronchi during various allergic reactions.
• Reducing the severity of tissue edema by reducing the permeability of the walls of microvasculature vessels for the liquid part of the blood.
• Antiemetic effect - the active substance affects the receptors of the vomiting center of the medulla oblongata and reduces their sensitivity.
• Reducing the severity of rashes and skin itching mediated by high histamine levels in various allergic reactions.

Diphenhydramine also blocks H 3 -histamine and cholinergic receptors of the structures of the central nervous system, due to which it has a sedative (calming) and hypnotic effect.

After parenteral administration of Diphenhydramine injection solution, its active substance quickly reaches a therapeutic concentration in the blood and is evenly distributed in all tissues of the body. Diphenhydramine penetrates the central nervous system through the blood-brain barrier, the body of the developing fetus during pregnancy and breast milk during lactation. The active substance of the drug is metabolized in the liver with the formation of breakdown products, which are excreted from the body mainly in the urine. The half-life (the period of time during which half of the entire dose of the drug is eliminated from the body) ranges from 4-10 hours.

Indications for use

The administration of the drug Diphenhydramine is indicated for the relief (reduction of manifestations) of symptoms of various allergic pathological reactions, which include:

• Systemic allergic reactions in the form of anaphylactic shock - a critical decrease in blood pressure due to vascular collapse (dilation of the arteries) and the development of multiple organ failure.
• Angioedema Angioedema is a pronounced swelling of tissues due to the release of blood plasma from the vessels into the intercellular substance with a predominant localization of the process in the face and external genitalia.
• Serum sickness is the development of severe systemic pathological reactions in response to the introduction of blood components and serum.

Diphenhydramine injection solution is also used for any other pathological conditions that are accompanied by an increase in the level of histamine in the body.

Contraindications for use

Parenteral administration of Diphenhydramine injection solution is contraindicated in a number of pathological and physiological conditions of the body, which include:

• Individual intolerance or hypersensitivity to diphenhydramine.
• Angle-closure glaucoma is a pathology accompanied by increased intraocular pressure.
• Stenosis (severe narrowing) of the bladder neck.
• Epilepsy with periodic development of generalized tonic-clonic seizures.
• Hyperplasia (adenoma) of the prostate gland.
• Peptic ulcer of the stomach or duodenum, especially if it is complicated by pyloric stenosis.
• Child's age is up to 7 months.

Infiltration of the solution into tissue for the purpose of anesthesia (pain relief) is not recommended, since this method of administration can provoke necrosis (death) of soft tissue cells. The drug should be used with caution during pregnancy, breastfeeding and if the patient has bronchial asthma. Before starting to use the solution for parenteral administration of Diphenhydramine, you must ensure that there are no contraindications.

Directions for use and doses

Solution for injection Diphenhydramine is administered intramuscularly or intravenously, depending on the required speed to achieve a therapeutic effect. The average recommended therapeutic dose of the drug depends on age:

• Children aged 7 months to 1 year – 0.3-0.5 ml (3-5 mg).
• Age from 1 year to 3 years – 0.5-1 ml of solution (5-10 mg).
• Children 4-6 years old - 1-1.5 ml of solution (10-15 mg).
• Children age 7-14 years – 1.5-3 ml (15-30 mg).
• Children over 14 years of age and adults – 1-5 ml (10-50 mg).

The daily dose of the drug is divided into several injections (2-3 injections with an interval of 6-8 hours), it should not exceed 200 mg.

Side effects

After parenteral administration of Diphenhydramine injection solution, side effects from various organs and systems may develop, which include:

• Nervous system - weakness, decreased speed of psychomotor reactions, drowsiness (possible development of a reverse reaction in the form of insomnia), dizziness, tremor (shaking of hands), impaired coordination of movements, euphoria, irritability, children may experience agitation.
• Cardiovascular system - tachycardia (increased heart contractions), extrasystole (extraordinary myocardial contractions), arterial hypotension (decrease in systemic blood pressure).
• Respiratory system - dryness of the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity, larynx, trachea and bronchi (accompanied by increased viscosity of sputum).
• Blood and red bone marrow - hemolytic anemia (anemia, which is a consequence of increased destruction of red blood cells), thrombocytopenia (decreased number of platelets in the blood).
• Urinary system – disorders of the urination process.

Sometimes the administration of the drug can lead to the development of allergic reactions in the form of a skin rash, itching and urticaria (rashes resembling a nettle burn), increased photosensitivity (the development of an inflammatory reaction of the skin under the influence of light, especially sunlight).

special instructions

Before starting to administer Diphenhydramine injection solution, it is important to carefully read the instructions for use of the drug. There are several special instructions, which include:

• During the course of treatment, it is necessary to refrain from exposure to ultraviolet radiation (sun rays, solarium) on the skin.
• Avoid drinking alcohol while using the drug.
• Solution for parenteral administration Diphenhydramine may interact with drugs from other pharmacological groups. If they are used, you must inform your doctor about this.
• During treatment with the drug, activities that require increased concentration or speed of psychomotor reactions are excluded.

In the pharmacy chain, a solution for parenteral administration of Diphenhydramine is available with a doctor's prescription. It is not recommended to use it independently or on the advice of third parties.

Overdose

If the recommended therapeutic dose of the drug is exceeded, symptoms of depression or excitation of the structures of the central nervous system and brain, dry mouth, dilation of the pupils (mydriasis) develop, and the functional activity of the digestive system changes. There is no special antidote for detoxification. Symptomatic therapy is carried out, which includes drugs to increase blood pressure, the introduction of plasma replacement fluid and sufficient oxygenation (oxygen saturation) of tissues and structures of the nervous system.

Analogs of Diphenhydramine injections

The dosage form of the drug Diphenhydramine in the form of tablets for oral (oral) administration has a similar effect.

Terms and conditions of storage

The shelf life of the solution for parenteral administration of Diphenhydramine is 5 years from the date of its manufacture. The drug must be stored in a dark place, out of reach of children, at an air temperature no higher than +30° C.

Diphenhydramine in ampoules price

The average cost of a solution for parenteral administration of Diphenhydramine in Moscow pharmacies varies within rubles.

Diphenhydramine and features of taking the drug in ampoules

A drug such as Diphenhydramine has been used in therapy for several decades in a row. The international name for this drug is diphenhydramine. There are several forms of release of Diphenhydramine, ampoules are one of them. Today we will tell you in detail about the scope of use of this drug according to its instructions.

Characteristics of the drug

The most common area of ​​use of Diphenhydramine is the treatment of allergic diseases. This drug helps block the synthesis of histamines, which prevents the subsequent development of allergies.

Diphenhydramine is a first-generation drug used to treat allergies; accordingly, it has many side effects, despite this it continues to be widely popular. First of all, due to its affordable price.

Diphenhydramine was included by WHO in the list of essential medicines. It is not only used to treat allergic manifestations, but also to reduce body temperature and relieve pain syndromes. In such cases, Diphenhydramine in ampoules is mixed with solutions of analgin and papaverine and an injection is given to the patient.

The action of Diphenhydramine in ampoules

This drug in the form of ampoules, according to the instructions, is a synthetic antihistamine that has a pronounced antiallergic effect.

Diphenhydramine injections have a hypnotic and sedative effect, similar to an antipsychotic.

And also Diphenhydramine has the following effects:

1. Antispasmodic.
2. Central anticholinergic.
3. Antiemetic.
4. Anti-inflammatory.
5. Ganglioblocking.

Diphenhydramine injections relax smooth muscle spasms, reduce the permeability of thin blood vessels, relieve tissue swelling, and prevent the development of anaphylactic shock and other conditions caused by allergies.

The components of Diphenhydramine in ampoules used for injections are as follows: the main component is diphenhydramine hydrochloride; auxiliary - water for injections.

Indications for use of the drug

The specialist prescribes Diphenhydramine to the patient in such cases as:

• different types of allergic manifestations;
• allergic conjunctivitis;
• dermatitis;
• itchy dermatosis;
• acute iridocyclitis;
• insomnia;
• chorea and parkinsonism;
• vasomotor rhinitis;
• radiation sickness;
• air or sea sickness.

Pharmacological action according to instructions

The peculiarity of the effect of Diphenhydramine in the form of ampoules is that it blocks a number of receptors that are responsible for the synthesis of components that provoke allergies. The drug also helps to relax smooth muscles and soothe, relieve pain and have an antiemetic effect.

The doctor prescribes the release form depending on the patient’s diagnosis. Diphenhydramine is sold in the form of ampoules, tablets or powder.

Tablets are most often prescribed for the treatment of allergic diseases, and for the treatment of rhinitis, the use of special sticks with medicine inside is often prescribed; they help get rid of itching and swelling, and also reduce capillary permeability.

The drug is ingested through the blood-brain barrier, then metabolized in the liver, or in the lungs or kidneys. During the day, the drug is excreted through the kidneys in the form of metabolites conjugated with glucuronic acid.

It is worth knowing that when using this drug during lactation, a large amount of the drug is released along with the milk, which can have a sedative effect on the child. In other cases, the reaction may manifest itself in the form of increased excitability.

Contraindications to the use of Diphenhydramine

According to the instructions for the drug in the form of ampoules, there are the following contraindications:

• Presence of hypersensitivity.
• Lactation period.
• Pregnancy.
• Bronchial asthma.
• Closed-type glaucoma.
• Bladder neck stenosis.
• Prostate hypertrophy.

Dosage and side effects

According to the instructions, Diphenhydramine in ampoules is prescribed as injections to adults and children over 12 years of age. The amount of the drug is from 10 to 50 mg at a time.

If a patient experiences at least one side effect while using this drug, you should stop using it or visit a doctor.

If you give injections with Diphenhydramine, the functions of various organs and systems may be disrupted. The instructions for the drug state that the following disorders may be observed in the central nervous system:

• dizziness;
• headache;
• general weakness;
• inhibition of actions and reactions;
• increased drowsiness;
• problems with consciousness;
• paresthesia;
• euphoria or intense excitement;
• insomnia;
• neuritis;
• convulsions;
• lack of coordination;
• restless syndrome.

The human digestive organs can react to taking the medicine in the following way: severe nausea and a gag reflex appear; constipation or diarrhea; pain in the stomach area; dry mucous membranes; anorexia.

In some cases, there are problems with blood vessels and the heart, blood pressure decreases, and tachycardia or extrasystole is observed.

Damage to the sense organs is expressed by the following symptoms: visual acuity decreases; diplopia and acute labyrinthitis are observed; hearing worsens.

Sometimes the use of the medicine provokes allergic phenomena such as: anaphylactic shock; hives; photosensitivity.

The instructions state that if the functions of organs that take part in hematopoiesis are disrupted, hemolytic anemia, agranulocytosis or thrombocytopenia may occur. And when the genitourinary system is affected, urination is delayed, women’s menstrual cycle is disrupted, chills and severe sweating are present.

Taking with other drugs

There are some peculiarities of taking this drug together with other drugs. According to the instructions, diphenhydramine should not be taken together with the following medications:

• Barbiturates.
• A number of X-ray contrast agents.
• Amphotericin B.
• Cefmetazole sodium.
• Hydrocortisone succinate.
• Cephalotin sodium.
• Ampholip.

Features of the use of Diphenhydramine

If your doctor has prescribed you to take Diphenhydramine in injections or tablets, then you need to take some precautions:

1. When there is a need to take Diphenhydramine during pregnancy, this should be done under the strict supervision of a specialist. When the drug is prescribed during pregnancy, the child develops tremors and diarrhea within the first five days after birth. It is recommended to stop breastfeeding while taking the drug.
2. The use of Diphenhydramine in pediatric practice has its own characteristics. So, according to the instructions, this drug should not be given to newborns or premature babies. It is worth saying that with an overdose of an antihistamine, children may experience hallucinations and convulsions, leading to death. Regardless of the patient’s age, the drug often provokes a decrease in mental activity. Young children often become overstimulated.
3. When overdosing with antihistamines, older people often experience hypotension, dizziness, and, it turns out, a sedative effect.
4. The effect of taking Diphenhydramine is similar to atropine, therefore, it should be carefully given to those who suffer from bronchial asthma, high intraocular pressure, hyperthyroidism, cardiovascular diseases or hypertension.
5. Diphenhydramine provokes a sleepy state; therefore, it should not be taken against the background of alcohol intoxication, since alcohol has an additive effect.
6. When taking the drug, consider how it will affect your ability to drive; it is advisable to give up various activities that require concentration.

Treatment for overdose with Diphenhydramine

An overdose of this drug manifests itself in the form of difficulty breathing, severe dry mouth, redness of the eyes, and persistent mydriasis. Children may experience strong agitation, while adults may often feel depressed. The central nervous system may be affected, consciousness becomes confused, and convulsions develop.

• the patient's stomach is washed;
• induction of vomiting;
• taking activated carbon;
• Prescribe supportive and symptomatic therapy against the background of careful monitoring of the patient's breathing and blood pressure levels.

As mentioned earlier, Diphenhydramine comes in different forms. The powder is sold in dosages of 0.02, 0.03 and 0.05 grams. Suppositories with Diphenhydramine have a dosage from 0.001 to 0.02 grams, and sticks with the drug - only 0.05 grams. For injections, Diphenhydramine is offered in the form of a 1% solution in ampoules or syringe tubes. The drug can also be purchased in the form of special pencils or gels for external use.

We found out what effect this drug has according to the instructions, what are the features of taking it in ampoules and what side effects it can cause. If your doctor has prescribed this drug to you, carefully read the instructions and take all this into account.

Dosage form:  Solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration. Compound:

1 ml contains:

active substance: diphenhydramine hydrochloride (diphenhydramine) - 10 mg excipient: water for injection.

Description: Transparent colorless liquid. Pharmacotherapeutic group:Antiallergic agent (H1-histamine receptor blocker) ATX:  

R.06.A.A.02 Diphenhydramine

Pharmacodynamics:

First generation H1 histamine receptor blocker. The effect on the central nervous system is due to the blockade of H3 - histamine and m-cholinergic receptors in the brain. Relieves spasm of smooth muscles (direct effect), reduces capillary permeability, prevents and weakens allergic reactions, has local anesthetic, antiemetic, sedative effects, and has a hypnotic effect. Antagonism with histamine manifests itself to a greater extent in relation to local vascular reactions during inflammation and allergies than to systemic ones, i.e. lowering blood pressure. However, when administered parenterally to patients with a deficiency of circulating blood volume, a decrease in blood pressure and an increase in existing hypotension is possible due to the ganglion-blocking effect. In people with local brain damage and epilepsy, it activates (even in low doses) epileptic discharges on the electroencephalogram and can provoke an epileptic attack. The action develops within a few minutes, lasting up to 12 hours.

Pharmacokinetics:

After intravenous and intramuscular administration, it is widely distributed in the body. The highest concentrations are found in the lungs, spleen, kidneys, liver, brain, and muscles. Penetrates the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Binds to plasma proteins by 98-99%. Metabolized mainly in the liver, partially in the lungs and kidneys. It is eliminated from tissues after 6 hours. The half-life is 4-10 hours. Within 24 hours, it is completely excreted by the kidneys in the form of metabolites conjugated with glucuronic acid. Significant amounts are excreted in milk and may cause sedation in infants (a paradoxical reaction characterized by excessive excitability may occur).

Indications: Anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions (in complex therapy); Quincke's edema, serum sickness, other acute allergic conditions (in complex therapy and in cases where the use of the tablet form is impossible). Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity, lactation period, angle-closure glaucoma, prostatic hyperplasia, stenosing peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, stenosis of the bladder neck, bronchial asthma, epilepsy, children under 7 months of age.

Carefully:Due to the atropine-like effect of diphenhydramine, it should be used with caution in patients with a recent history of respiratory diseases (including asthma), increased intraocular pressure, hyperthyroidism, diseases of the cardiovascular system, and hypotension. Use with caution in people aged 60 years and older, due to the high likelihood of dizziness, sedation and hypotension. Pregnancy and lactation:

The use of diphenhydramine during pregnancy is possible only under the strict supervision of a physician in cases where the expected benefit to the mother outweighs the potential risk to the fetus.

Breastfeeding should be stopped during treatment.

Directions for use and dosage:

Intravenously and intramuscularly.

For adults and children over 14 years old - 1-5 ml of 1% solution (10-50 mg) 1-3 times a day; the maximum daily dose is 200 mg.

For children aged 7 months to 12 months - 0.3-0.5 ml (3-5 mg), from 1 year to 3 years - 0.5-1 ml (5-10 mg), from 4 up to 6 years - 1-1.5 ml (10-15 mg), from 7 to 14 years - 1.5-3 ml (15-30 mg) if necessary, every 6-8 hours.

Side effects:

Allergic reactions:

urticaria, photosensitivity, skin rash, itching.

From the nervous system:

drowsiness, general weakness, decreased speed of psychomotor reactions, impaired coordination and reaction speed, feeling tired. In some cases, agitation (especially in children), insomnia, irritability, euphoria, dizziness, tremor.

From the digestive tract:

possible sensations of dry mouth, dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract (epigastric discomfort, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite).

From the cardiovascular system:

decreased blood pressure, tachycardia, extrasystole.

From the urinary system:

urinary disorders.

From the respiratory system:

dryness of the mucous membrane of the nose and throat, nasal congestion, thickening of bronchial secretions, tightness in the chest and difficulty breathing.

From the hematopoietic organs:

hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis.

Overdose:

Symptoms:

depression or excitation (especially in children) of the functions of the central nervous system, including depression, confusion; dilated pupils, dry mouth, disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.

Treatment:

there is no specific antidote. Supportive measures include blood pressure control, medications that increase blood pressure, and intravenous plasma replacement fluids.

Interaction: Potentiates the effect of alcohol and drugs that depress the central nervous system (neuroleptics, tranquilizers, sedatives and hypnotics, anticonvulsants, anesthetics). Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) enhance the anticholinergic activity of diphenhydramine. Strengthens the anticholinergic effects of drugs with m-anticholinergic activity. When used generally with psychostimulants, an antagonistic interaction is observed. Reduces the effectiveness of apomorphine as an emetic in the treatment of poisoning. Special instructions:

Do not administer subcutaneously due to irritant effects.

During the treatment period, you should avoid drinking alcoholic beverages and ultraviolet radiation.

The antiemetic effect of diphenhydramine may make it difficult to diagnose appendicitis and recognize symptoms of overdose (you must inform your doctor about the use of this drug).

Impact on the ability to drive a car and operate machinery.

During the treatment period, care must be taken when driving vehicles and engaging in other potentially hazardous activities that require increased concentration and speed of psychomotor reactions.

Impact on the ability to drive vehicles. Wed and fur.:During the treatment period, care must be taken when driving vehicles and engaging in other potentially hazardous activities that require increased concentration and speed of psychomotor reactions. Release form/dosage:Solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration 10 mg/ml.

Diphenhydramine (amp.1%-1ml N10)

Description of the active substance (INN) Diphenhydramine*.

Pharmacology : pharmachologic effect - antihistamine, antiallergic, antiemetic, hypnotic, local anesthetic . Blocks histamine H1 receptors and eliminates the effects of histamine mediated through this type of receptor.

Indications : Urticaria, hay fever, vasomotor rhinitis, pruritic dermatoses, acute iridocyclitis, allergic conjunctivitis, angioedema, capillary toxicosis, serum sickness, allergic complications during drug therapy, blood transfusion and blood-substituting fluids; complex therapy of anaphylactic shock, radiation sickness, bronchial asthma, gastric ulcer and hyperacid gastritis; colds, sleep disorders, premedication, extensive injuries to the skin and soft tissues (burns, crushes); parkinsonism, chorea, seasickness and air sickness, vomiting, incl. during pregnancy, Meniere's syndrome; local anesthesia in patients with a history of allergic reactions to local anesthetic drugs.

Contraindications : Hypersensitivity, breastfeeding, childhood (newborn period and prematurity).

Restrictions on use : Angle-closure glaucoma, prostatic hypertrophy, stenotic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, pyloroduodenal obstruction, bladder neck stenosis, pregnancy.

Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding : Use with caution, under strict medical supervision, during pregnancy. Breastfeeding should be stopped during treatment.

Side effects : From the nervous system and sensory organs: general weakness, fatigue, sedation, decreased attention, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, impaired coordination of movements, anxiety, increased excitability (especially in children), irritability, nervousness, insomnia, euphoria, confusion, tremor, neuritis, convulsions, paresthesia ; visual impairment, diplopia, acute labyrinthitis, tinnitus.

From the cardiovascular system and blood: hypotension, palpitations, tachycardia, extrasystole; agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia.

From the gastrointestinal tract: dry mouth, numbness of the oral mucosa, anorexia, nausea, epigastric distress, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation.

From the genitourinary system: frequent and/or difficulty urinating, urinary retention, early menstruation.

From the respiratory system: dry nose and throat, nasal congestion, thickening of bronchial secretions, tightness in the chest and heavy breathing.

Allergic reactions: - rash, urticaria, anaphylactic shock.

Others: sweating, chills, photosensitivity.

Interaction : Sleeping pills, sedatives, tranquilizers and alcohol enhance (mutually) the depression of the central nervous system. MAO inhibitors enhance and prolong anticholinergic effects.

Overdose : Symptoms: dry mouth, difficulty breathing, persistent mydriasis, facial flushing, depression or agitation (more often in children) central nervous system, confusion; in children - the development of seizures and death.

Treatment: induction of vomiting, gastric lavage, administration of activated charcoal; symptomatic and supportive therapy against the background of careful monitoring of breathing and blood pressure levels.

Directions for use and doses : Inside, intramuscularly, intravenously, intranasally, rectally. Orally for adults - 30-50 mg 1-3 times a day, to prevent motion sickness - 30-60 minutes before the trip. For insomnia - 50 mg before bedtime. The maximum single dose is 100 mg, daily dose is 250 mg. IM - 10-50 mg, maximum single dose - 50 mg, daily dose - 150 mg, IV drip - 20-50 mg (in 75-100 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution). Children under 1 year old - orally, at a dose of 2-5 mg, 2-5 years old - 5-15 mg, 6-12 years old - 15-30 mg per dose. Suppositories rectally 1-2 times a day (after cleansing the intestines). Children under 3 years old - suppositories containing 5 mg of diphenhydramine, from 3 to 4 years old - 10 mg, from 5 to 7 years old - 15 mg, 8-14 years old - 20 mg. The course of treatment is 10-15 days. For instillation into the conjunctival sac, prepare 0.2-0.5% solutions (preferably in a 2% solution of boric acid) and instill 1-2 drops 2-5 times a day. For the purpose of local application to the skin, it is possible to produce and use 3-10% creams or ointments. For rhinitis - intranasally, in the form of 50 mg sticks.

Precautionary measures : Not recommended for subcutaneous administration (irritating effect). Use with caution in patients with hyperthyroidism, increased intraocular pressure, diseases of the cardiovascular system, and in old age. Should not be used during work by vehicle drivers and people whose profession involves increased concentration of attention. During the treatment period, you should avoid drinking alcoholic beverages.

VSD-0.05 VSD-0.15

IM VSD-5ml VSD-15ml