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Non-union and allied subordination between. Unconjunct sentence (with coordinating and subordinating connections)

How to find a complex sentence with a non-conjunctive and a conjunctive subordinating connection?

BRAVO! THEY ARE SO SMART, THEY COPYED THE SAME THING IN A ROW
oh fuck
For example:

For example:
non-conjunctive sentences are not connected by a conjunction in the presence of several grammatical stems. For example:
The teacher is sick, there will be no lesson.
The teacher is the subject, Sick and will not be - the predicate.
The first sentence is two-part (the grammatical basis is represented by two main members), the second is one-part (the grammatical basis is represented by only one predicate).
A complex sentence also consists of several simple ones, but they are interconnected by subordinating conjunctions (what, so that, when, etc.)
The main sign of sl sub. sentence:
- from one sentence You can ask a question to someone else. therefore, the one from which the question is asked will be the main one (as in a phrase, one word is the main word), and the other is dependent or subordinate (as in a phrase, the second word is dependent)
For example:
The teacher is sick, so there will be no lesson.
in contrast to complex sentence in complex compositions both parts are equal. It is difficult to ask a question from one sentence to another. just like in the non-union. only in a unionless one there are no unions between simple sentences. and in complex sentences. those included in the complex are connected by coordinating conjunctions.
For example:
The teacher is sick and there will be no lesson.
Now compare all three options.
the teacher is ill, there will be no lesson - a non-union proposal. the question cannot be asked.
the teacher is sick and there will be no lesson - compound. the question cannot be asked.
the teacher is ill, so there will be no lesson - complex. Can I ask you a question. For what reason will there be no lesson? - the teacher is sick.
non-conjunctive sentences are not connected by a conjunction in the presence of several grammatical stems. For example:
The teacher is sick, there will be no lesson.
The teacher is the subject, Sick and will not be - the predicate.
The first sentence is two-part (the grammatical basis is represented by two main members), the second is one-part (the grammatical basis is represented by only one predicate).
A complex sentence also consists of several simple ones, but they are interconnected by subordinating conjunctions (what, so that, when, etc.)
The main sign of sl sub. sentence:
- from one sentence You can ask a question to someone else. therefore, the one from which the question is asked will be the main one (as in a phrase, one word is the main word), and the other is dependent or subordinate (as in a phrase, the second word is dependent)
For example:
The teacher is sick, so there will be no lesson.
in contrast to complex sentence in complex compositions both parts are equal. It is difficult to ask a question from one sentence to another. just like in the non-union. only in a unionless one there are no unions between simple sentences. and in complex sentences. those included in the complex are connected by coordinating conjunctions.
For example:
The teacher is sick and there will be no lesson.
Now compare all three options.
the teacher is ill, there will be no lesson - a non-union proposal. the question cannot be asked.
the teacher is sick and there will be no lesson - compound. the question cannot be asked.
the teacher is ill, so there will be no lesson - complex. Can I ask you a question. For what reason will there be no lesson? - the teacher is sick.
non-conjunctive sentences are not connected by a conjunction in the presence of several grammatical stems. For example:
The teacher is sick, there will be no lesson.
The teacher is the subject, Sick and will not be - the predicate.
The first sentence is two-part (the grammatical basis is represented by two main members), the second is one-part (the grammatical basis is represented by only one predicate).
A complex sentence also consists of several simple ones, but they are interconnected by subordinating conjunctions (what, so that, when, etc.)
The main sign of sl sub. sentence:
- from one sentence You can ask a question to someone else. therefore, the one from which the question is asked will be the main one (as in a phrase, one word is the main word), and the other is dependent or subordinate (as in a phrase, the second word is dependent)
For example:
The teacher is sick, so there will be no lesson.
in contrast to complex sentence in complex compositions both parts are equal. It is difficult to ask a question from one sentence to another. just like in the non-union. only in a unionless one there are no unions between simple sentences. and in complex sentences. those included in the complex are connected by coordinating conjunctions.
For example:
The teacher is sick and there will be no lesson.
Now compare all three options.
the teacher is ill, there will be no lesson - a non-union proposal. the question cannot be asked.
the teacher is sick and there will be no lesson - compound. the question cannot be asked.
the teacher is ill, so there will be no lesson - complex. Can I ask you a question. For what reason will there be no lesson? - the teacher is sick.
non-conjunctive sentences are not connected by a conjunction in the presence of several grammatical stems. For example:
The teacher is sick, there will be no lesson.
The teacher is the subject, Sick and will not be - the predicate.
The first sentence is two-part (the grammatical basis is represented by two main members), the second is one-part (the grammatical basis is represented by only one predicate).
A complex sentence also consists of several simple ones, but they are interconnected by subordinating conjunctions (what, so that, when, etc.)
The main sign of sl sub. sentence:
- from one sentence You can ask a question to someone else. therefore, the one from which the question is asked will be the main one (as in a phrase, one word is the main word), and the other is dependent or subordinate (as in a phrase, the second word is dependent)
For example:
The teacher is sick, so there will be no lesson.
in contrast to complex sentence in complex compositions both parts are equal. It is difficult to ask a question from one sentence to another. just like in the non-union. only in a unionless one there are no unions between simple sentences. and in complex sentences. those included in the complex are connected by coordinating conjunctions.
For example:
The teacher is sick and there will be no lesson.
Now compare all three options.
the teacher is ill, there will be no lesson - a non-union proposal. the question cannot be asked.
the teacher is sick and there will be no lesson - compound. the question cannot be asked.
the teacher is ill, so there will be no lesson - complex. Can I ask you a question. For what reason will there be no lesson? - the teacher is sick.
why the same thing?
non-conjunctive sentences are not connected by a conjunction in the presence of several grammatical stems. For example:
The teacher is sick, there will be no lesson.
The teacher is the subject, Sick and will not be - the predicate.
The first sentence is two-part (the grammatical basis is represented by two main members), the second is one-part (the grammatical basis is represented by only one predicate).
A complex sentence also consists of several simple ones, but they are interconnected by subordinating conjunctions (what, so that, when, etc.)
The main sign of sl sub. sentence:
- from one sentence You can ask a question to someone else. therefore, the one from which the question is asked will be the main one (as in a phrase, one word is the main word), and the other is dependent or subordinate (as in a phrase, the second word is dependent)
For example:
The teacher is sick, so there will be no lesson.
in contrast to complex sentence in complex compositions both parts are equal. It is difficult to ask a question from one sentence to another. just like in the non-union. only in a unionless one there are no unions between simple sentences. and in complex sentences. those included in the complex are connected by coordinating conjunctions.
For example:
The teacher is sick and there will be no lesson.
Now compare all three options.
the teacher is ill, there will be no lesson - a non-union proposal. the question cannot be asked.
the teacher is sick and there will be no lesson - compound. the question cannot be asked.
the teacher is ill, so there will be no lesson - complex. Can I ask you a question. For what reason will there be no lesson? - the teacher is sick.
pi(d)rily
non-conjunctive sentences are not connected by a conjunction in the presence of several grammatical stems. For example:
The teacher is sick, there will be no lesson.
The teacher is the subject, Sick and will not be - the predicate.
The first sentence is two-part (the grammatical basis is represented by two main members), the second is one-part (the grammatical basis is represented by only one predicate).
A complex sentence also consists of several simple ones, but they are interconnected by subordinating conjunctions (what, so that, when, etc.)
The main sign of sl sub. sentence:
- from one sentence You can ask a question to someone else. therefore, the one from which the question is asked will be the main one (as in a phrase, one word is the main word), and the other is dependent or subordinate (as in a phrase, the second word is dependent)
For example:
The teacher is sick, so there will be no lesson.
in contrast to complex sentence in complex compositions both parts are equal. It is difficult to ask a question from one sentence to another. just like in the non-union. only in a unionless one there are no unions between simple sentences. and in complex sentences. those included in the complex are connected by coordinating conjunctions.
For example:
The teacher is sick and there will be no lesson.
Now compare all three options.
the teacher is ill, there will be no lesson - a non-union proposal. the question cannot be asked.
the teacher is sick and there will be no lesson - compound. the question cannot be asked.
the teacher is ill, so there will be no lesson - complex. Can I ask you a question. For what reason will there be no lesson? - the teacher is sick.
non-conjunctive sentences are not connected by a conjunction in the presence of several grammatical stems.
non-conjunctive sentences are not connected by a conjunction in the presence of several grammatical stems. For example:
The teacher is sick, there will be no lesson.
The teacher is the subject, Sick and will not be - the predicate.
The first sentence is two-part (the grammatical basis is represented by two main members), the second is one-part (the grammatical basis is represented by only one predicate).
A complex sentence also consists of several simple ones, but they are interconnected by subordinating conjunctions (what, so that, when, etc.)
The main sign of sl sub. sentence:
- from one sentence You can ask a question to someone else. therefore, the one from which the question is asked will be the main one (as in a phrase, one word is the main word), and the other is dependent or subordinate (as in a phrase, the second word is dependent)
For example:
The teacher is sick, so there will be no lesson.
in contrast to complex sentence in complex compositions both parts are equal. It is difficult to ask a question from one sentence to another. just like in the non-union. only in a unionless one there are no unions between simple sentences. and in complex sentences. those included in the complex are connected by coordinating conjunctions.
For example:
The teacher is sick and there will be no lesson.
Now compare all three options.
the teacher is ill, there will be no lesson - a non-union proposal. the question cannot be asked.
the teacher is sick and there will be no lesson - compound. the question cannot be asked.
the teacher is ill, so there will be no lesson - complex. Can I ask you a question. For what reason will there be no lesson? - the teacher is sick.
plus 2 points
Finally, we went nuts!
And aren't you ashamed? the person really doesn’t understand, but you….

Non-conjunction sentences with subordinating connection- these are non-union sentences, which both in structure and in semantic relationships between parts are identical to complex sentences. Such non-conjunction sentences consist of only two parts and are called closed non-conjunction complex sentences (or closed structure non-conjunction sentences).

The fixed (not free) order of arrangement of the two parts of a closed non-conjunct sentence helps to establish semantic relationships between these predicative parts, that is, when rearranging the parts of a non-conjunct sentence, the semantic relationships between them change or the sentence as a whole is destroyed. For example, in the sentence I was late: the car broke down, the second part of a complex sentence communicates the reason, and in the sentence The car broke down - I was late, the second part is a consequence of what is reported in the first part.

Parts of such a complex sentence are formed by explanatory intonation (one part explains the other) or contrastive intonation (the first part of the sentence is characterized by a very high tone, the second by a lower tone). From semantic relationships between parts of a complex sentence in oral speech intonation depends, and in writing - the choice of punctuation mark (colon or dash).

Various types of semantic relationships are established between the parts of closed non-union complex sentences, that is, the semantic role of the subordinate part in relation to the main part is determined. The following varieties can be distinguished:

An explanatory non-union sentence is a non-union complex sentence in which the first part contains supporting words - verbs that require addition, explanation, distribution, which is the content of the second part: I knew: the blow of fate would not bypass me (M. Yu. Lermontov).
An explanatory non-union sentence is a non-union complex sentence in which the second part reveals, specifies, explains the content of the first part (often a separate word or phrase of the first part): The whole city there is like this: a swindler sits on a swindler and drives the swindler (N.V. Gogol).
A non-union sentence of justification and reason is a non-union complex sentence, the second part of which contains the justification or reason for what is said in the first part: I can’t sleep, nanny: it’s so stuffy here! (A.S. Pushkin). I am sad: there is no friend with me (A.S. Pushkin).
A non-union sentence with a predicative construction of a consequence is a non-union sentence, the second part of which is a consequence of the action named in the first part of the sentence. Some non-conjunctive sentences with a causal predicative construction can be turned into sentences with an investigative predicative construction. To do this, it is enough to swap the predicative constructions: I opened the window: it was stuffy (reason). It was stuffy - I opened the window (consequence).
An adversarial non-union sentence is a sentence in the second part of which a sharp opposition is expressed to what is said in the first part: I knew about poetry from the very beginning - I knew nothing about prose (A. A. Akhmatova).

Opposition in a non-union complex sentence is often associated with negation:

Not for the songs of spring over the plain

The green expanse is dear to me -

I fell in love with the melancholy crane

Monastery on a high mountain

(S. A. Yesenin).

Many non-union sentences are characterized by polysemy of semantic relationships between the parts of a complex sentence; these relationships often defy unambiguous interpretation: the boundaries between different meanings blurry and not clear enough.

Compositional,
subordinating and
non-union connection in
complex sentences
The world is illuminated by the sun,
And a person is illuminated by knowledge!
Proverb

Lesson objectives:
– educational:
deepen students' understanding of the structure of complex
offers;
practice the skill of placing punctuation marks in
complex sentence with different types communications;
repeat spellings Н-НН in words different parts speeches
– developing: develop, compare, contrast,
draw a conclusion, improve self-control skills
educational activities;
– educational: to cultivate the need correctly
evaluate one’s own activities and speech culture.

Vocabulary dictation

Task I
Vocabulary dictation
Captive born cubs, polished
furniture, clay tablets, butter cream,
pickled cucumber, wounded soldier,
Maslenitsa, desirable, ancient, clever
student, tin, fried potatoes,
roasted in the oven, wounded in the arm,
hotel.

Types of complex
proposals
Allied
Compound
Non-Union
Complex subordinates

Complex sentence -
this is a complex sentence, parts
which are connected
coordinating conjunctions and
grammatically independent friend
from each other, that is, they are in
relations of equality,
equivalence.
THE TRANSPARENT FOREST ONE TURNES BLACK, AND
THE FIR IS GREEN THROUGH THE FROST, AND THE RIVER
IT SHINES UNDER THE ICE.

Complex sentence
this is called a complex sentence, parts
which are interconnected by subordinates
conjunctions (or allied words) and are in
relations of formal inequality.
Example: . I don't want the world to recognize my mysterious
story. (M. Lermontov)
The first part is the main part, and the second part is
dependent (called subordinate clause).
The dependence of the second on the first part is formally
is revealed in the very possibility of logical
question from main to dependent. Associated parts with
using the subordinating conjunction so.

NON-UNION COMPLEX SENTENCE –
THIS IS A COMPLEX SENTENCE, PARTS
WHICH ARE CONNECTED IN MEANING AND
INTONATIONS.
The grass is turning green
The sun is shining
Swallow with spring
It flies towards us in the canopy.
(A. Pleshcheev)

Task 2
Oral group work.
Describe the proposals.
1. Once again I visited that corner of the earth where I
spent two unnoticed years as an exile.
2. It was quiet in the garden, and only from somewhere
The noise of wheels could be heard from afar.
3. I knew: the blow of fate would not bypass me.

Task 3.
Determine the types of communication.
1. Children, passersby, and everyone immediately gathered at the monument
they fell silent waiting for the music because it comforts
people, promises them happiness and a glorious life. (A.
Platonov)
2. We heard: a boat sailed along the river, and our hearts felt
easily. (V. Arsenyev)

(To Sukhomlinsky)

Changed: we had too little time left.

Task 3.
Answers.
1. Children were immediately gathering at the monument,
passers-by, and they all fell silent in anticipation
music because it comforts people
promises them happiness and a glorious life. (A.
Platonov)
- Coordinating and subordinating:
2. We heard: a boat floated along the river, and
my soul felt lighter. (V. Arsenyev)
- Non-union and coordinating:

Task 3.
Answers.
3. Place a hundred teachers over you - they will prove
powerless if you can't force yourself.
(To Sukhomlinsky)
- Non-union and subordinate:
- , If()
4.After lunch, when the sun was at its zenith, we
decided to make a stop, but unexpectedly our plans
changed: we had too little time in
in stock
- Coordinating, subordinating, non-union:
[ , (when...), ], but:

In which there is a subordinating or coordinating connection, they differ significantly from similar phrases and simple sentences. Further in the article we will consider the main differences between the mentioned structures.

General information

If we talk about phrases and simple sentences, then it is fair to note that the subordinating relationship can only appear in the first version, while the coordinating type is more often used in the second. IN the latter case the task of transformation into a common construction is performed, creating series of homogeneous members. In complex structures, coordinating and subordinating connections do not have such sharp differences. This is due to the fact that the same statement can be formulated using conjunctions of both types.

First difference

The use of composition and subordination helps to identify the semantic relationships that exist in simple and complex formulations. At the same time, there is a difference in the very structure of the utterance. Thus, the coordinating connection does not create such clear boundaries. When using the second type of connection, parts of the utterance are highlighted, indicating the need to pay more attention to a certain fragment of the message.

Thus, we can say that the conjunctions used in different versions differ in how they reveal connections in expressions. In the case of a subordinate relationship, such types of relationships as concessional, conditional-effect and cause-and-effect take on an unambiguous form. Moreover, they are expressed by conjunctions “although”, “because”, “if”. A coordinating connection in a sentence allows you to use the same conjunction. It is represented by the connecting element “and”. But there are situations when the coordinating conjunctions “a” and “but,” which are usually considered contrastive, can give the statement a connotation of concession, condition, consequence, comparison and contrast. In expressions that have the form of an incentive, conjunctions can create a condition in the message, which in a subordinating clause is expressed by the elements “if (the particle “not” is allowed instead)... then.” Some interaction is found between composition and submission due to the fact that they cannot be considered absolutely opposite concepts.

Second difference

In complex constructions, coordinating connection is an important independent element. But in simple structures its task is to determine the relationships between members of a homogeneous sequence. In addition, a coordinating connection is included in a simple construction in order to enrich the statement with additional members. This is how it is transformed into a widespread one. In multi-part structures, coordinating communication is more important.

Third difference

If we compare subordination and composition with non-union, then the last two types of connection have much in common. This is explained by the semantic relationship within the structure. Thus, the coordinating connection reveals them in expression to a lesser extent. However, let's compare them in more detail. Coordinating communication is not only a syntactic, but also a lexical way of interaction. Thus, the relationships that arise between phrases do not have a specific meaning, but only receive a certain characteristic. Coordinating conjunctions can also be combined with subordinating and various lexical elements. In this case, various syntactic structures are created. As examples of a conjunction, we can cite various combinations of auxiliary parts of speech “and”, “here”, “a”, “well”, “therefore”, “therefore”, “means”. Subordinating conjunctions do not need additions, since they themselves can create clear boundaries for semantic segments.

Special cases

If a coordinating or non-union connection does not allow one to fully study the relationships that exist in these sentences, then it is necessary to turn to additional factors. They can be the general structure of the statement, as well as the introductory words, particles, various pronouns, and phrases present in it. In addition, moods and tense forms can highlight individual parts and indicate their features. In allied constructions, the meaning of condition and consequence manifests itself more noticeably when there is an interaction between the imperative mood in the first sentence (in the case of a complex formulation, this means its main part) and other moods or other forms of tense found in the second element (in the subordinate clause).

Fourth difference

In complex sentences, the subordinating relationship is less multifaceted than in phrases and simple phrases. There are cases when part of the meaning of a complex structure formed from a set of simple ones is not realized. This may be due to the fact that there is likely to be a contradiction in the meaning of the subordinating conjunction, as well as its complete change. An example would be the connector "when". It is used in subordinating clauses. Its main value is the time indicator. However, if the main part of the sentence describes any feelings, emotions or someone’s state, then this union can turn from temporary into investigative. When something is evaluated in a subordinate clause, trying to determine importance or significance, the “when” element acquires the target meaning. In addition, this union may have a comparative meaning and carry an indication of inconsistency.

The offer is syntactic unit, characterized by semantic and grammatical completeness. One of its main features is the presence of predicative parts. According to the number of grammatical bases, all sentences are classified as simple or complex. Both perform their main function in speech - communicative.

Types of complex sentences in Russian

A complex sentence consists of two or more simple sentences connected to each other using conjunctions or just intonation. At the same time, its predicative parts retain their structure, but lose their semantic and intonational completeness. Methods and means of communication determine the types of complex sentences. A table with examples allows you to identify the main differences between them.

Compound Sentences

Their predicative parts are independent in relation to each other and equal in meaning. They can be easily divided into simple ones and rearranged. Coordinating conjunctions, which are divided into three groups, act as a means of communication. Based on them, the following types of complex sentences with coordinating connections are distinguished.

With connecting conjunctions: AND, ALSO, YES (=AND), ALSO, NEITHER...NOR, NOT ONLY...BUT AND, AS...SO AND, YES AND. In this case, parts of compound conjunctions will be located in different simple sentences.

The whole city was already asleep, I Same went home. Soon Anton Not only I re-read all the books in my home library, but also turned to his comrades.

A feature of complex sentences is that the events described in different predicative parts can occur simultaneously ( AND thunder roared And the sun was breaking through the clouds), sequentially ( The train rumbled And a dump truck rushed after him) or one follows from the other ( It's already completely dark, And it was necessary to disperse).

With adversative conjunctions: BUT, A, HOWEVER, YES (= BUT), THEN, THE SAME. These types of complex sentences are characterized by the establishment of opposition relations ( Grandfather seemed to understand everything, But Grigory had to convince him of the need for the trip for a long time) or comparisons ( Some were fussing in the kitchen, A others started cleaning the garden) between its parts.
With disjunctive conjunctions: EITHER, OR, NOT THAT...NOT THAT, THAT...THAT, EITHER...EITHER. The first two conjunctions can be single or repeating. It was time to get to work, or he would be fired. Possible relationships between parts: mutual exclusion ( Either Pal Palych really had a headache, either he just got bored), alternation ( All day long That the blues took hold, That suddenly there was an inexplicable attack of fun).

Considering the types of complex sentences with a coordinating connection, it should be noted that the connecting conjunctions ALSO, ALSO and the adversative SAME are always located after the first word of the second part.

Main types of complex sentences with subordinating connections

The presence of a main and dependent (subordinate) part is their main quality. The means of communication are subordinating conjunctions or allied words: adverbs and relative pronouns. The main difficulty in distinguishing them is that some of them are homonymous. In such cases, a hint will help: an allied word, unlike a conjunction, is always a member of a sentence. Here are examples of such homoforms. I knew for sure What(union word, you can ask a question) look for me. Tanya completely forgot What(union) the meeting was scheduled for the morning.

Another feature of NGN is the location of its predicative parts. The location of the subordinate clause is not clearly defined. It can stand before, after or in the middle of the main part.

Types of subordinate clauses in SPP

It is traditional to correlate dependent parts with members of a sentence. Based on this, there are three main groups into which such complex sentences are divided. Examples are presented in the table.

Subordinate clause type		Question	Means of communication	Example
Definitive			Which, which, whose, when, what, where, etc.	There was a house near the mountain, a roof whom* I'm already pretty thin.*
Explanatory		Cases	What (s. and s.w.), how (s. and s.w.), so that, as if, as if, or... or, who, like, etc.	Mikhail didn't understand How* solve the problem of.*
Circumstantial		When? How long?	When, while, how, barely, while, since, etc.	The boy waited until Bye* the sun hasn't set at all.*
		Where? Where? Where?	Where, where, where	Izmestiev put the papers there, Where* no one could find them.*
		Why? From what?	Because, since, for, due to the fact that, etc.	The driver stopped for* the horses suddenly began to snort.*
	Consequences	What follows from this?		By morning it cleared up So the detachment moved on.
		Under what conditions?	If, when (= if), if, once, in case	If the daughter did not call for a week, the mother involuntarily began to worry.
		For what? For what purpose?	In order to, in order to, in order to, in order to, if only,	Frolov was ready for anything to get this place.
		Despite what? In spite of what?	Although, despite the fact that, even if, for nothing, whoever, etc.	Overall the evening was a success Although* and there were minor shortcomings in its organization.*
	Comparisons	How? Like what?	As if, exactly, as if, just as, as if, just as, as if,	Snowflakes flew down in large, frequent flakes, as if* someone poured them out of a bag.*
	Measures and degrees	To what extent?	What, in order, how, as if, as if, how much, how much	There was such silence What* I felt somehow uneasy.*
	Connection		what (in the oblique case), why, why, why = the pronoun this	There was still no car, from what* The anxiety only grew.*

SPP with several subordinate clauses

Sometimes a complex sentence may contain two or more dependent parts that relate to each other in different ways.

Depending on this, the following methods of connecting simple ones into complex sentences are distinguished (examples help to build a diagram of the described structures).

With consistent submission. The next subordinate clause depends directly on the previous one. It seemed to me, What this day will never end, because There were more and more problems.
With parallel homogeneous subordination. Both (all) subordinate clauses depend on one word (the entire part) and belong to the same type. This construction resembles a sentence with homogeneous members. There can be coordinating conjunctions between subordinate clauses. It soon became clear What it was all just a bluff So what no major decisions were made.
With parallel heterogeneous subordination. Dependents are of different types and belong to different words(the whole part). Garden, which sowed in May, already produced the first harvest, That's why life became easier.

Non-union complex sentence

The main difference is that the parts are connected only in meaning and intonation. Therefore, the relationships developing between them come to the fore. They are the ones who influence the placement of punctuation marks: commas, dashes, colons, semicolons.

Types of non-union complex sentences

The parts are equal, the order of their arrangement is free. Tall trees grew to the left of the road , to the right stretched a shallow ravine.
The parts are unequal, the second:

reveals the contents of the 1st ( These sounds caused concern: (= namely) in the corner someone was rustling persistently);
complements the 1st ( I peered into the distance: someone’s figure appeared there);
indicates the reason ( Sveta laughed: (= because) the neighbor’s face was smeared with dirt).

3. Contrasting relationships between parts. This manifests itself in the following:

the first indicates a time or condition ( I'm five minutes late - there is no one anymore);
in the second unexpected result ( Fedor just got up to speed - the opponent immediately remained behind); opposition ( The pain becomes unbearable - you be patient); comparison ( Looks from under his brows - Elena will immediately burn with fire).

JV with different types of communications

Often there are constructions that contain three or more predicative parts. Accordingly, between them there can be coordinating and subordinating conjunctions, allied words or only punctuation marks (intonation and semantic relations). These are complex sentences (examples are widely presented in fiction) With various types communications. Mikhail has long wanted to change his life, But Something was constantly stopping him; As a result, the routine bogged him down more and more every day.

The diagram will help to summarize information on the topic “Types of complex sentences”:

Non-union and allied coordinating connections are one of the ways of constructing. Without them, speech is poor, because they provide more information and are capable of containing two or more sentences telling about different events.

Complex sentences and their types

Depending on the number of parts, complex structures are divided into two- and polynomial. In any of the options, the elements are connected either by a conjunction (which, in turn, is provided by the corresponding part of speech) or by a non-conjunction.

Depending on what types of relationships are present, complex formations create the following groups:

Complex sentence with non-union and allied coordinating connection: The sky suddenly darkened, a distant rumble was heard, and a wall of rain covered the ground, driving down dust and washing away the city smog.
Constructions that combine elements with a subordinating relationship, for example: The house we entered was depressing, but in this situation we had no choice.
Complex sentences with subordinating and non-union types of connections: No matter how he hurried, his help was late: another car took the wounded.
In polynomial constructions, subordinating, non-union and allied coordinating connections can be used simultaneously. The next time the phone rang, my mother answered it, but heard only the voice of a robot informing her that her loan was overdue.

It is important to be able to distinguish between complex sentences and constructions complicated, for example, by homogeneous predicates. As a rule, in the first case, the syntactic lexical unit contains several grammatical stems, while in the second there will be one subject and several predicates.

Non-union designs

In this type of lexical constructions, 2 simple sentences or more can be combined, which are connected by intonation and meaning. They can communicate with each other in the following ways:

Sentences are linked by enumeration. The evening gradually faded, night fell on the earth, the moon began to rule the world.
Constructions in which elements are divided into several parts, two of which are opposite fragments. The weather was as if to order: the sky cleared of clouds, the sun was shining brightly, a light breeze blew across the face, creating a slight coolness. In this non-union construction, the second fragment, consisting of 3 simple sentences connected by enumerative intonation, explains its first part.
A binary combination of simple elements into a polynomial complex structure, in which the parts are combined into semantic groups: The moon rose above the ridge, we did not immediately notice it: the haze hid its radiance.

A non-conjunctive, like a conjunctive coordinating connection, in a complete connection separates individual sentences from each other with punctuation marks.

Commas in non-union polynomial constructions

In complex compounds, their parts are separated by commas, semicolons, dashes and colons. Commas and semicolons are used in enumerative relations:

The parts are small in size and connected to each other in meaning. After the storm there was silence, followed by a light whisper of rain.
When parts are too common and not connected by a single meaning, a semicolon is used. Chamomiles and poppies covered the entire clearing; Grasshoppers were chirping somewhere below.

Non-union constructions are most often used to convey a large amount of information that is not always connected in meaning.

Dividing marks in non-union formations

These signs are used for the following types of relationships between elements of a syntactic structure:

Dash - when the second part is sharply opposed to the first, for example: We knew about his fears - no one knew about his readiness to die.(IN similar design with a non-union, as well as a union, coordinating connection between parts, I would like to put the conjunction “but”).
When the first part talks about a condition or time, then a dash is also placed between it and the second fragment. The rooster crowed - it's time to get up. In such sentences, the meaning of the conjunctions “if” or “when” is appropriate.
The same sign is placed if the second part contains a conclusion about what was discussed in the first. There was no strength to object - he silently agreed. In such conjunction constructions, “therefore” is usually inserted.
When the second part of the sentence is compared and determined by what is narrated in the first. He makes a speech - he breathes hope into people. In these constructions you can add “as if” or “as if”.
In sentences with an explanatory connection and justification of the reason, a colon is used. I’ll tell you to the point: you can’t let your friends down.

Sentences with a non-union, as well as a union, coordinating connection between parts are separated by signs depending on their semantic relationship.

Complex constructions

In sentences of this type, a coordinating connection is used, carried out using coordinating conjunctions. In this case, between their parts there may be:

Connective relationships interconnected by unions and, yes or, particles also, also and neither...nor. No birds chirp, no mosquito squeaks, no cicadas chirp.
In separating relationships, conjunctions are used what and, or, particles either... or, not that... not that and others. Either the wind brings an incomprehensible sound, or it itself approaches us.
Sentences with both non-union and allied coordinating connections with comparative relations indicate the identity of events, but in the second case with the use of conjunctions namely And that is. Everyone was happy to see him, that is, that’s what he read on their faces.
Explanatory relationships tend to use conjunctions yes, but, ah, particles but, and therefore and others. A blizzard was raging outside the window, but it was warm near the fireplace in the living room.

Often it is conjunctions and particles that explain what connects simple sentences into a single complex structure.

Complex sentences with mixed types of communication

Constructions where a non-union and a union coordinating connection are present at the same time occur quite often. They can contain separate blocks, each of which contains several simple sentences. Within blocks, some elements are connected to others in meaning and are separated by punctuation marks with or without conjunctions. In a complex sentence with a non-conjunctive and a conjunctive coordinating connection, the boundary between them is the dividing marks, although the individual blocks may not be connected in meaning.

Complex sentences with different types of connections- This complex sentences , which consist of at least from three simple sentences , interconnected by coordinating, subordinating and non-union connections.

To understand the meaning of such complex constructions, it is important to understand how the simple sentences included in them are grouped together.

Often complex sentences with different types of connections are divided into two or several parts (blocks), connected using coordinating conjunctions or without unions; and each part in structure is either a complex sentence or a simple one.

For example:

1) [Sad I]: [there is no friend with me], (with whom I would drink the long separation), (whom I could shake hands from the heart and wish many happy years)(A. Pushkin).

This is a complex sentence with different types of connections: non-union and subordinating, consists of two parts (blocks) connected non-union; the second part reveals the reason for what is said in the first; Part I is a simple sentence in structure; Part II is a complex sentence with two attributive clauses, with homogeneous subordination.

2) [Lane was all in the gardens], and [grew at the fences linden trees, now casting, under the moon, a wide shadow], (so fences And gates on one side they were completely buried in darkness)(A. Chekhov).

This is a complex sentence with different types of connections: coordinating and subordinating, consists of two parts connected by a coordinating conjunction and, the relations between the parts are enumerative; Part I is a simple sentence in structure; Part II - a complex sentence with a subordinate clause; the subordinate clause depends on the main thing and is joined to it by the conjunction so.

A complex sentence can contain sentences with different types of conjunction and non-conjunction connections.

These include:

1) composition and submission.

For example: The sun set and night followed day without interval, as is usually the case in the south.(Lermontov).

(And is a coordinating conjunction, as is a subordinating conjunction.)

The outline of this proposal:

2) composition and non-union communication.

For example: The sun had long since set, but the forest had not yet died down: the turtle doves were murmuring nearby, the cuckoo was crowing in the distance.(Bunin).

(But - coordinating conjunction.)

The outline of this proposal:

3) subordination and non-union connection.

For example: When he woke up, the sun was already rising; the mound obscured him(Chekhov).

(When - subordinating conjunction.)

The outline of this proposal:

4) composition, subordination and non-union connection.

For example: The garden was spacious and there were only oak trees; they began to bloom only recently, so that now through the young foliage the entire garden with its stage, tables and swings was visible.

(And is a coordinating conjunction, so that is a subordinating conjunction.)

The outline of this proposal:

In complex sentences with coordinating and subordinating conjunctions, coordinating and subordinating conjunctions may appear side by side.

For example: The weather was beautiful all day, but as we approached Odessa, it began to rain heavily.

(But - a coordinating conjunction, when - a subordinating conjunction.)

The outline of this proposal:

Punctuation marks in sentences with different types of communication

In order to correctly place punctuation marks in complex sentences with different types of connections, it is necessary to select simple sentences, determine the type of connection between them and select the appropriate punctuation mark.

As a rule, a comma is placed between simple sentences in complex sentences with different types of connections.

For example: [In the morning, in the sun, the trees were covered with luxurious frost] , and [this went on for two hours] , [then the frost disappeared] , [the sun has closed] , and [the day passed quietly, thoughtfully , with a drop in the middle of the day and anomalous lunar twilight in the evening].

Sometimes two, three or more simple offers most closely related to each other in meaning and can be separated from other parts of a complex sentence semicolon . Most often, a semicolon occurs in place of a non-union connection.

For example: (When he woke up), [the sun had already risen] ; [the mound obscured it].(The sentence is complex, with different types of connections: with non-union and union connections.)

At the site of the non-union connection between simple sentences within a complex possible Also comma , dash And colon , which are placed according to the rules for placing punctuation marks in a non-union complex sentence.

For example: [The sun has long since set] , But[the forest has not yet died down] : [doves gurgled nearby] , [the cuckoo crowed in the distance]. (The sentence is complex, with different types of connections: with non-union and union connections.)

[Leo Tolstoy saw a broken burdock] – and [lightning flashes] : [the idea of an amazing story about Hadji Murad appeared](Paust.). (The sentence is complex, with different types of connections: coordinating and non-conjunctive.)

In complex syntactic constructions that break up into large logical-syntactic blocks, which themselves are complex sentences or in which one of the blocks turns out to be a complex sentence, punctuation marks are placed at the junction of the blocks, indicating the relationship of the blocks, while maintaining the internal signs placed on their own syntactic basis.

For example: [The bushes, trees, even stumps are so familiar to me here] (that wild felling has become like a garden to me) : [I caressed every bush, every pine tree, every Christmas tree], and [they all became mine], and [it’s the same as if I planted them], [this is my own garden](Priv.) – there is a colon at the junction of blocks; [Yesterday a woodcock stuck his nose into this foliage] (to get a worm from under it) ; [at this time we approached], and [he was forced to take off without throwing off the layer of old aspen foliage from his beak](Priv.) – there is a semicolon at the junction of blocks.

Particular difficulties arise placement of punctuation marks at the junction of the composing And subordinating conjunctions (or coordinating conjunction and allied word). Their punctuation is subject to the laws of the design of sentences with coordinating, subordinating and non-conjunctive connections. However, there are also special attention require sentences in which several conjunctions appear nearby.

In such cases, a comma is placed between conjunctions if the second part of the double conjunction does not follow. then, yes, but(in this case subordinate clause may be omitted). In other cases, a comma is not placed between two conjunctions.

For example: Winter was coming and , When the first frosts hit, living in the forest became difficult. - Winter was approaching, and when the first frosts hit, it became difficult to live in the forest.

You can call me, but , If you don't call today, we'll leave tomorrow. – You can call me, but if you don’t call today, then we’ll leave tomorrow.

I think that , if you try, you will succeed. – I think that if you try, you will succeed.

Syntactic analysis of a complex sentence with different types of connection

Scheme for parsing a complex sentence with different types of connection

1. Determine the type of sentence according to the purpose of the statement (narrative, interrogative, incentive).

2. Indicate the type of sentence based on emotional coloring (exclamatory or non-exclamatory).

3. Determine (based on grammatical basics) the number of simple sentences and find their boundaries.

4. Determine the semantic parts (blocks) and the type of connection between them (non-union or coordinating).

5. Give a description of each part (block) by structure (simple or complex sentence).

6. Create a proposal outline.

SAMPLE EXAMPLE OF A COMPLEX SENTENCE WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF CONNECTION

[Suddenly a thick fog], [as if separated by a wall He me from the rest of the world], and, (so as not to get lost), [ I decided

Complex sentences allow you to convey voluminous messages about several situations or phenomena, making speech more expressive and informative. Most often, complex sentences are used in works of art, journalistic articles, scientific works, texts in official business style.

What is a complex sentence?

Difficult sentence - a sentence that consists of two or more grammatical bases is an intonationally formed semantic unity expressing a certain meaning. Depending on the relationship of the parts, complex sentences with coordinating subordinating and non-conjunctive connections are distinguished.

Complex sentences with coordinating connections

Compound Sentences - conjunctional sentences, which consist of equal parts connected by a coordinating connection. Parts of complex sentences are combined into one whole using coordinating, adversative or disjunctive conjunctions. In writing, a comma is placed before the conjunction between parts of a compound sentence.

Examples of compound sentences: The boy shook the tree, and ripe apples fell to the ground. Katya went to college, and Sasha stayed at home. Either someone called me, or it seemed like it.

Complex sentences with subordinating connections

Complex sentences - conjunctional sentences consisting of unequal parts that are connected by a subordinating connection. In complex sentences there are main part and dependent (subordinate clause). Parts of the dictionary are connected to each other using conjunctions and allied words. In writing, between parts of a complex sentence, a comma is placed before the conjunction (conjunctive word).

Examples of complex sentences: He picked a flower to give to his mother. Those present were wondering where Ivan Petrovich came from. Misha went to the store his friend was talking about.

Usually, a question can be raised from the main clause to the subordinate clause. Examples: I came home (when?) when everyone had already sat down to dinner. We learned about (what?) what happened yesterday.

Complex sentences with non-conjunction connections

Unconjunct complex sentences are sentences whose parts are connected only with the help of intonation, without the use of conjunctions and allied words.

Examples of complex sentences with non-conjunctive connections between parts: The music started playing, the guests started dancing. It will be frosty in the morning - we won’t go anywhere. Tanya turned around: a tiny kitten was huddled against the wall.

A comma, dash, colon or semicolon can be placed between parts of non-union complex sentences (depending on what meaning the parts of the BSP express).

Complex sentences with different types of connections

Mixed complex sentences can include several clauses connected to each other by coordinating, subordinating and non-conjunctive connections. In writing, in mixed complex sentences, the punctuation characteristic of complex, complex and non-union sentences is observed.

Examples: Vitya decided that if the teacher asked him to answer a question, he would have to admit that he had not prepared for the lesson. On the right hung a painting depicting a blooming garden, and on the left there was a table with carved legs. The weather worsened: a strong wind rose and it began to rain, but it was warm and dry in the tent.

If complex sentences within a mixed sentence form logical-syntactic blocks, a semicolon is placed between such blocks. Example: On the porch, a sparrow was pecking at grains that grandmother accidentally scattered; At this time, dad came out, and the bird quickly flew away.

What have we learned?

Complex sentences can include simple and complex sentences.
In terms of meaning, parts of complex sentences can be equal or unequal.
Based on the type of connection between parts, complex, complex and non-union sentences are distinguished.
In mixed complex sentences, the punctuation characteristic of complex sentences with the appropriate type of connection is preserved.

The topic of the lesson is “Complex sentences with different types of connections. The use of conjunction and non-conjunction connections in complex sentences.”

Today we will talk about offers with different types of communication; find out what these offers are; Let's find out some features of these proposals.

We already know a lot about complex sentences. In speech, we most often use simple sentences. For example:

-[the weather turned bad]. [We decided to hurry up].

But sometimes you have to link simple sentences into complex ones. A complex sentence is a sentence that has two or more grammatical stems. For example:

-[the weather turned bad], [we decided to hurry up].

-[the weather turned bad], And [we decided to hurry up].

-[the weather turned bad], (That's whywe decided to hurry up).

The means of communication of simple sentences may be different. We combine simple sentences into complex ones using intonation. If, apart from intonation, we do not use anything else, then such a sentence is called non-union (BSP). If, together with intonation, we use coordinating conjunctions, then the sentence is called a complex sentence (CCS). And if subordinating conjunctions are added to intonation, these are complex sentences (CSS).

However, there are times when we need to convey too much information in one sentence. In this case, for our purpose, none of the varieties of complex sentences is sufficient, so we need to turn to a polynomial sentence, that is, to an IPP with several subordinate clauses. But if we can add several subordinate clauses to one sentence, then what can prevent us from combining different types of connections in one sentence?

A complex sentence can combine different types of connections. Thanks to this, we can express information the way we want.

Let's create a sentence like this from simple sentences:

It started to rain. The drops drummed loudly on the glass. The house was warm and cozy. Grandfather lit the fireplace.

A polynomial sentence would look like this:

non-union connection coordinating connection subordinating connection

-[It started to rain]; [drops booming drummed on glass], but [in the house it was warm and cozy], (after all grandpa flooded fireplace).

It turns out to be a rather complex design. That is why sentences with different types of connection are also calledcomplex syntactic structures (SSK).

We have long been familiar with the types of communication in the SSC: these are coordinating, subordinating and non-conjunctive. In SSC, various combinations with different types of communication are possible. For example, a coordinating connection is often combined in the same sentence with a subordinating connection (essay + submission).

creative subordinating

1.[The clock struck],And [The bell rang to class], ( which everyone was met general joy).

subordinating creative

2.[So do I didn't tell], (Whatit was said at the meeting) And (Why interlocutors So gloomy). What?

(coordinating connection is used for homogeneous subordination, a comma before And not installed)

subordinating creative

3.(When we entered into the room), [ the conversation fell silent] And[on us looked very carefully].

(between the main clauses between the conjunction And there is no comma because the subordinate clause is common to both parts)

Let's make diagrams for these proposals:

[- =], and [= -], (which...).

[...ch.], (what...) and (why...).

(When...), [- =] and [- =].

A coordinating connection can be combined not only with a subordinating connection, but also with a non-union connection (essay + non-union).

asyndeton composition

[ It's warmer]; [on the fields appeared first shoot], And[the trees were shaken off branches from snow].

sentences are separated by meaning

[ = ]; [ = -], and [ - =].

asyndeton composition

[ Father taught son of painting] – [ son wanted to become sculptor], And[ his dream come true].

opposition, can be inserted A

[ - = ] - [ - = ], and [ - = ].

asyndeton composition

[We noticed]: Not only [the kids dressed up Christmas tree], but also[their parents with pleasure accepted participation].

complement relations, you can insert a conjunction What

[ - =]: not only [- =], but also [- =].

There is also a third combination of SSC: subordination + non-union.

asyndeton subordination

[ I accepted solution]: [ talk with a friend], ( WhenI'll see his).

relationships explanations, can be inserted namely

[- = ]: […], (when...).

subordination asyndeton

(Although on the street the sun was burning),[near the lake it was cold]; [dived with a splash ducks, /blissful in the water/].

Sentence 3 has its own punctuation (verb)

Despite what?

(Although…), […]; [= -, /p.o./].

asyndeton subordination

[An avalanche rumbled] – [heavy groan the mountain responded],(on the slopes whichwent to bed unliftable heaviness snow).

sudden change of events

[= -] - [= -], (...which...).

Finally, we can combine all three types of communication in one sentence: composition + submission + non-union.

the second part explains the meaning of the first, you can insert namely.

asyndeton subordination

[The dream has changed]: [Now she walked along a dark corridor], ( which all was hung paintings), And[from these pictures she is watched closely and sharply eyes were watching portraits]. composition

[- = ]: [...noun], (which...), and [... O and O = -].

subordination asyndeton

(When inside the car it creaked And rumbled),[ the driver hit on the brakes]; [ He cheerfully dived under the hood, /advising us to wait/]; But [We at all didn't protest against unexpected stopping]. composition

Sentence 3 has its own punctuation (adverbial phrase)

(When...O and O), [- =]; [...,ch, /d.o./]; but [- =].

In SSC, one of the types of communication is usually the main one. Let's return to the proposal:

main type of communication

-[It started to rain]; [drops drummed loudly on the glass], But[the house was warm and cozy], ( after all grandfather lit the fireplace). least important

(the main one here is the non-union connection, the first part of the sentence is the most independent, followed by the coordinating connection. And, finally, the least important type of connection is the subordinating connection).

The main type of connection can be determined by dividing a complex structure into blocks. For example, in our proposal we can distinguish two main blocks: 1 block will include parts 1 and 2, connected using a non-union connection; Block 2 will include parts 3 and 4.

1 block 2 block

-[[It started to rain]; [drops drummed loudly on the glass]], But[[the house was warm and

cosy], ( after all grandfather lit the fireplace)].

Remember that you should not get carried away with complex sentences in your speech. After all, due to overly complex structures, speech looks overloaded, confusing, and incomprehensible. Let's consider the proposal:

-[Yesterday we were at the museum at an exhibition of paintings by a contemporary artist]; [of course I don't particularly like modern art], But[my friend persuaded me to go], ( because believes), ( What we must raise our cultural level); And[I was not disappointed]: [the scenery was magnificent], A[the marvelous still lifes were amazing]; ( When we got to the portraits) – [there was no limit to delight]...

(there are 10 parts in the sentence, in which all three types of connections are present. But this does not give the sentence expressiveness, does not make it more understandable. It looks scary. It is better to avoid such constructions in speech).

So, polynomial complex sentence - This is a complex sentence that combines different types of communication. Such sentences are also called complex syntactic constructions (CSCs). In these sentences, types of communication can be combined as follows:

Essay + submission.

Essay + non-union.

Subordination + non-union.

Essay + submission + non-union.

· Today we will talk about offers with different types of communication.

· Let's find out what these offers are.

· Let's find out some features of these proposals.

We already know a lot about complex sentences. So much that we can even get confused among the concepts and definitions. It seems it’s time for us to say: “Repetition is the mother of learning!”

So, in speech we most often use simple sentences. The weather turned bad. We decided to hurry up.

But sometimes we have to link simple sentences into complex ones. We call a sentence complex if it has two or more grammatical stems.

The weather turned bad, we decided to hurry up.

The weather turned bad and we decided to hurry up.

The weather turned bad, so we decided to hurry up.

However, there are times when we need to convey too much information in one sentence. In this case, for our purposes, none of the varieties of complex sentences is sufficient.

In this case, we turn to a polynomial sentence. This is the name of a complex sentence in which there are several subordinate clauses.

Moreover, in a polynomial sentence the connection between the parts is a subordinating conjunction.

But if we can add several subordinate clauses to a complex sentence, then what can stop us from combining different types of connections in one sentence?

In a complex sentence different types of communication can be combined. Thanks to this, we can express information the way we want.

Sentences with different types of connections are also called polynomial.

Let's create one such sentence from simple ones.

It started to rain. The drops drummed loudly on the glass. The house was warm and cozy. Grandfather lit the fireplace.

It started to rain; the drops drummed loudly on the glass, but the house was warm and cozy, because grandfather lit the fireplace.

The first and second parts of our sentence are connected using a non-conjunctive connection, the second and third - using a coordinating connection, and the third and fourth - using a subordinating connection.

Look, we have a rather complex design!

That is why sentences with different types of connections are also called complex syntactic constructions (CSC) .

We have long been familiar with the types of connections that occur in polynomial sentences. This creative , subordinating , non-union connection.

It is interesting that in polynomial sentences various combinations of types of connection are possible.

For example, a coordinating connection is often combined in the same sentence with a subordinating connection .

The clock struck and the bell rang for class, which everyone greeted with general joy. In this case, with the help of a subordinate clause, one of the parts of the sentence is revealed.

I was never told what was said at the meeting and why the interlocutors were so gloomy. Essay here is used to emphasize homogeneous subordination. Please note: since the subordination is homogeneous, the comma before And we don't bet.

When we entered the room, the conversation fell silent and they looked at us very carefully. In this example, the subordinate clause is common to two clauses. In this case, a comma before And We won't install it again.

A coordinating connection can be combined not only with a subordinating connection, but also with a non-union connection. That is, a polynomial sentence can combine composition and non-conjunction .

It's warmer; The first growth appeared in the fields, and the trees shook off their leaves from the snow. The first two sentences are connected by a non-union connection; we separate these parts with a semicolon, since they are separate in meaning. The second and third parts are connected through an essay.

The father taught his son painting - the son wanted to become a sculptor, and his dream came true. We put a dash between the first and second parts, since relations of opposition arise between them. The second and third parts are connected through an essay.

We noticed: not only the kids decorated the Christmas tree, but their parents also took part with pleasure.

A colon is placed between the first and second parts, since addition relations arise. The second and third parts are connected through an essay. This confirms the union not only but.

Let's create a proposal diagram " It's warmer; The first growth appeared in the fields, and the trees shook off the snow from their branches.”

What other combination of communication types can we imagine? Subordinate and non-union connection . This combination is also possible.

I made a decision: I'll talk to my friend when I see him.. An explanatory relationship arises between the first and second parts, so we put a colon. The third part is a subordinate clause in relation to the second.

Even though the sun was blazing outside, it was cool near the lake; ducks diving and splashing, blissful in the water. The first part is a subordinate clause in relation to the second part. A semicolon is placed between the second and third parts, because the third part has its own punctuation marks.

An avalanche rumbled - the mountain responded with a heavy groan, on the slopes of which an unbearable weight of snow lay. We will put a dash between the first and second parts, since there is a rapid, sudden development of events. Subordinating relations develop between the second and third parts: the third part is a subordinate clause.

Finally, we can combine all three types of communication in one sentence.

That is, in a polynomial sentence they can combine composition, submission and non-union .

The dream has changed : Now she was walking along a dark corridor, which was all hung with paintings, and from these paintings the eyes of the portraits watched her closely and sharply. The first and second parts are connected using a non-union connection; a colon is placed between them, since the second part explains the meaning of the first. The second and third parts are connected using subordination, and the third and fourth parts are connected using coordinating connection.

When the inside of the car creaked and rumbled, the driver hit the brakes ; he cheerfully dived under the hood, advising us to wait ; but we did not protest at all against the unexpected stop. The first and second parts are connected using subordination; a semicolon is placed after the second part, since the third part has its own punctuation marks. The third and fourth parts are connected using a coordinating connection. But there is also a semicolon between them.

Let's create a diagram of the first of our examples.

In polynomial sentences one of the types of communication is usually the main one .

It started to rain; the drops drummed loudly on the glass, but the house was warm and cozy, because grandfather lit the fireplace.

The main one is the non-union connection: the first part of the sentence is the most independent. This is followed by the coordinating connection, and finally the least important type of connection is the subordinating connection.

The main type of connection can be determined by dividing a complex structure into semantic blocks.

For example, in our proposal we can distinguish two main blocks: the first will include the first and second parts, connected using a non-union connection. And the second block will include the third and fourth parts.

Remember that you should not get carried away with complex sentences in your speech. After all, due to overly complex structures, speech looks overloaded, confusing, and incomprehensible.

Let's consider the proposal. Yesterday we were at the museum at an exhibition of paintings by a famous artist; Of course, I don’t particularly like contemporary art, but a friend persuaded me to go because she believes that we should improve our cultural level; and I was not disappointed: the landscapes were magnificent, and the marvelous still lifes were amazing; when we got to the portraits, there was no limit to delight...

The sentence has ten parts, and all three types of connections are present. But this does not add expressiveness to the sentence or make it more understandable. On the contrary, it looks scary. It is better to avoid such constructions in speech.

What do we need to remember?

A polynomial complex sentence is a complex sentence that combines different types of connections.

These offers are also called complex syntactic structures.

In polynomial sentences, types of communication can be combined as follows:

· composition and submission;

· composition and non-union;

· subordination and non-union;

· composition, subordination and non-union.

How to find a complex sentence with a non-conjunctive and a conjunctive subordinating connection?

BRAVO! THEY ARE SO SMART, THEY COPYED THE SAME THING IN A ROW
oh fuck

For example:

For example:

For example:
non-conjunctive sentences are not connected by a conjunction in the presence of several grammatical stems. For example:
The teacher is sick, there will be no lesson.
The teacher is the subject, Ill and will not be - the predicate.
The first sentence is two-part (the grammatical basis is represented by two main members), the second is one-part (the grammatical basis is represented by only one predicate).
A complex sentence also consists of several simple ones, but they are interconnected by subordinating conjunctions (what, so that, when, etc.)
The main sign of sl sub. sentence:
- from one sentence You can ask a question to someone else. therefore, the one from which the question is asked will be the main one (as in a phrase, one word is the main word), and the other is dependent or subordinate (as in a phrase, the second word is dependent)
For example:
The teacher is sick, so there will be no lesson.
in contrast to complex sentence in complex compositions both parts are equal. It is difficult to ask a question from one sentence to another. just like in the non-union. only in a unionless one there are no unions between simple sentences. and in complex sentences. those included in the complex are connected by coordinating conjunctions.
For example:
The teacher is sick and there will be no lesson.
Now compare all three options.
the teacher is ill, there will be no lesson - a non-union proposal. the question cannot be asked.
the teacher is sick and there will be no lesson - compound. the question cannot be asked.
the teacher is ill, so there will be no lesson - complex. Can I ask you a question. For what reason will there be no lesson? - the teacher is sick.
non-conjunctive sentences are not connected by a conjunction in the presence of several grammatical stems. For example:
The teacher is sick, there will be no lesson.
The teacher is the subject, Ill and will not be - the predicate.
The first sentence is two-part (the grammatical basis is represented by two main members), the second is one-part (the grammatical basis is represented by only one predicate).
A complex sentence also consists of several simple ones, but they are interconnected by subordinating conjunctions (what, so that, when, etc.)
The main sign of sl sub. sentence:
- from one sentence You can ask a question to someone else. therefore, the one from which the question is asked will be the main one (as in a phrase, one word is the main word), and the other is dependent or subordinate (as in a phrase, the second word is dependent)
For example:
The teacher is sick, so there will be no lesson.
in contrast to complex sentence in complex compositions both parts are equal. It is difficult to ask a question from one sentence to another. just like in the non-union. only in a unionless one there are no unions between simple sentences. and in complex sentences. those included in the complex are connected by coordinating conjunctions.
For example:
The teacher is sick and there will be no lesson.
Now compare all three options.
the teacher is ill, there will be no lesson - a non-union proposal. the question cannot be asked.
the teacher is sick and there will be no lesson - compound. the question cannot be asked.
the teacher is ill, so there will be no lesson - complex. Can I ask you a question. For what reason will there be no lesson? - the teacher is sick.
non-conjunctive sentences are not connected by a conjunction in the presence of several grammatical stems. For example:
The teacher is sick, there will be no lesson.
The teacher is the subject, Ill and will not be - the predicate.
The first sentence is two-part (the grammatical basis is represented by two main members), the second is one-part (the grammatical basis is represented by only one predicate).
A complex sentence also consists of several simple ones, but they are interconnected by subordinating conjunctions (what, so that, when, etc.)
The main sign of sl sub. sentence:
- from one sentence You can ask a question to someone else. therefore, the one from which the question is asked will be the main one (as in a phrase, one word is the main word), and the other is dependent or subordinate (as in a phrase, the second word is dependent)
For example:
The teacher is sick, so there will be no lesson.
in contrast to complex sentence in complex compositions both parts are equal. It is difficult to ask a question from one sentence to another. just like in the non-union. only in a unionless one there are no unions between simple sentences. and in complex sentences. those included in the complex are connected by coordinating conjunctions.
For example:
The teacher is sick and there will be no lesson.
Now compare all three options.
the teacher is ill, there will be no lesson - a non-union proposal. the question cannot be asked.
the teacher is sick and there will be no lesson - compound. the question cannot be asked.
the teacher is ill, so there will be no lesson - complex. Can I ask you a question. For what reason will there be no lesson? - the teacher is sick.
why the same thing?
non-conjunctive sentences are not connected by a conjunction in the presence of several grammatical stems. For example:
The teacher is sick, there will be no lesson.
The teacher is the subject, Ill and will not be - the predicate.
The first sentence is two-part (the grammatical basis is represented by two main members), the second is one-part (the grammatical basis is represented by only one predicate).
A complex sentence also consists of several simple ones, but they are interconnected by subordinating conjunctions (what, so that, when, etc.)
The main sign of sl sub. sentence:
- from one sentence You can ask a question to someone else. therefore, the one from which the question is asked will be the main one (as in a phrase, one word is the main word), and the other is dependent or subordinate (as in a phrase, the second word is dependent)
For example:
The teacher is sick, so there will be no lesson.
in contrast to complex sentence in complex compositions both parts are equal. It is difficult to ask a question from one sentence to another. just like in the non-union. only in a unionless one there are no unions between simple sentences. and in complex sentences. those included in the complex are connected by coordinating conjunctions.
For example:
The teacher is sick and there will be no lesson.
Now compare all three options.
the teacher is ill, there will be no lesson - a non-union proposal. the question cannot be asked.
the teacher is sick and there will be no lesson - compound. the question cannot be asked.
the teacher is ill, so there will be no lesson - complex. Can I ask you a question. For what reason will there be no lesson? - the teacher is sick.
pi(d)rily
non-conjunctive sentences are not connected by a conjunction in the presence of several grammatical stems. For example:
The teacher is sick, there will be no lesson.
The teacher is the subject, Ill and will not be - the predicate.
The first sentence is two-part (the grammatical basis is represented by two main members), the second is one-part (the grammatical basis is represented by only one predicate).
A complex sentence also consists of several simple ones, but they are interconnected by subordinating conjunctions (what, so that, when, etc.)
The main sign of sl sub. sentence:
- from one sentence You can ask a question to someone else. therefore, the one from which the question is asked will be the main one (as in a phrase, one word is the main word), and the other is dependent or subordinate (as in a phrase, the second word is dependent)
For example:
The teacher is sick, so there will be no lesson.
in contrast to complex sentence in complex compositions both parts are equal. It is difficult to ask a question from one sentence to another. just like in the non-union. only in a unionless one there are no unions between simple sentences. and in complex sentences. those included in the complex are connected by coordinating conjunctions.
For example:
The teacher is sick and there will be no lesson.
Now compare all three options.
the teacher is ill, there will be no lesson - a non-union proposal. the question cannot be asked.
the teacher is sick and there will be no lesson - compound. the question cannot be asked.
the teacher is ill, so there will be no lesson - complex. Can I ask you a question. For what reason will there be no lesson? - the teacher is sick.
non-conjunctive sentences are not connected by a conjunction in the presence of several grammatical stems.
non-conjunctive sentences are not connected by a conjunction in the presence of several grammatical stems. For example:
The teacher is sick, there will be no lesson.
The teacher is the subject, Ill and will not be - the predicate.
The first sentence is two-part (the grammatical basis is represented by two main members), the second is one-part (the grammatical basis is represented by only one predicate).
A complex sentence also consists of several simple ones, but they are interconnected by subordinating conjunctions (what, so that, when, etc.)
The main sign of sl sub. sentence:
- from one sentence You can ask a question to someone else. therefore, the one from which the question is asked will be the main one (as in a phrase, one word is the main word), and the other is dependent or subordinate (as in a phrase, the second word is dependent)
For example:
The teacher is sick, so there will be no lesson.
in contrast to complex sentence in complex compositions both parts are equal. It is difficult to ask a question from one sentence to another. just like in the non-union. only in a unionless one there are no unions between simple sentences. and in complex sentences. those included in the complex are connected by coordinating conjunctions.
For example:
The teacher is sick and there will be no lesson.
Now compare all three options.
the teacher is ill, there will be no lesson - a non-union proposal. the question cannot be asked.
the teacher is sick and there will be no lesson - compound. the question cannot be asked.
the teacher is ill, so there will be no lesson - complex. Can I ask you a question. For what reason will there be no lesson? - the teacher is sick.
plus 2 points
Finally, we went nuts!
And aren't you ashamed? the person really doesn’t understand, but you...

Teacher's comments on the material being studied

Possible difficulties

Good advice

It can be difficult to distinguish between a simple sentence complicated by homogeneous predicates and a complex sentence, especially if one of the parts of the complex sentence is an incomplete sentence.

For example: I was late because I forgot my watch at home.

It should be remembered that homogeneous members Sentences can only be connected by coordinating conjunctions.

Do not confuse a coordinating conjunction, which connects parts of a complex sentence, and a coordinating conjunction, which connects homogeneous members of a sentence:

I was tired and lay down to rest. - a conjunction connects homogeneous predicates;

I was tired and I wanted to rest. - a conjunction connects parts of a complex sentence.

If there is a subordinating conjunction in a dubious sentence, then you have a complex sentence, the second part of which is an incomplete sentence:

I was late because I forgot my watch at home.

I was in a hurry, but I was still late.

An isolated member of a sentence, a clarifying member of a sentence, an introductory construction, or a comparative phrase can be confused with a part of a complex sentence.

For example: Having rounded a high cape, the ship entered the bay.

Many gases, such as hydrogen, are lighter than air.

I think his name is Ivan.

Make sure that this is part of a complex sentence with an independent grammatical basis, and not any of the listed structures.

It should be especially noted that the target phrase with the conjunction so is the subordinate part of a complex sentence, the grammatical basis of which consists of a predicate expressed by an infinitive:

To memorize the poem, she read it out loud six times.

If the subordinate clause is inside the main clause, you can make a mistake in counting the number of parts of a complex sentence (in the answer options for a task of this kind, the number of parts of a complex sentence is sometimes indicated).

Find the grammatical bases of the sentences that make up the complex.

There are exactly as many parts to a sentence as there are grammatical principles. For example:

He quickly studied what was then known in the field of mathematics, and even began his own research.

The basis of the first part: he studied and studied.

The basis of the second part: what was known.

Therefore, a complex sentence has two parts.

It can be difficult to determine the types of connections between parts of a complex sentence with different types of connections.

For example: It was impossible to stop: as soon as I stopped moving, my legs were sucked in and my footprints filled with water.

The type of connection is determined by the union. Find conjunctions that connect parts of a complex sentence. If there is no union between some parts, then the connection between them is non-union, if the union is coordinating or subordinating, then the connection is coordinating or subordinating, respectively.

In the example given, the sentence consists of four parts. The first (it was impossible to stop) and the third (my legs were sucked in) are connected by a non-union connection, the second (as soon as I stopped moving) and the third (my legs were sucked in) are connected by a subordinating connection using a subordinating conjunction as soon as possible, the third and fourth (the footprints were filled with water) - a coordinating connection using the coordinating conjunction a.

Difficult sentence. Types of Complex Sentences

In addition to simple sentences, complex sentences are often used in speech, with the help of which we express thoughts in more detail, connecting them with each other.

Complex sentences are sentences consisting of two or more simple clauses. Simple sentences as part of a complex sentence do not have intonation completeness, do not have their own purpose of utterance and are combined in meaning and pronunciation into one whole.

The storm has already subsided, the wind has weakened.

As it comes back, so will it respond.

The frost was terrible, but the apple trees survived.

Simple sentences are combined into complex ones in two main ways. In allied complex sentences, parts are combined using intonation and conjunctions (or allied words - relative pronouns and adverbs). In non-union complex sentences, parts are combined only with the help of intonation (without conjunctions or allied words).

The sun is shining over the lake, and the glare is blinding your eyes(union).

Sentences with conjunctions and allied words are divided into two groups: complex sentences, complex sentences.

Compound sentences are those in which simple sentences can be equal in meaning and are connected by coordinating conjunctions.

June turned out to be hot, and the windows in the houses were opened wide at night.

The fur coat was moth-eaten, but the mittens were like new.

Complex sentences are those in which one of the sentences is subordinate in meaning to another and is connected with it by a subordinating conjunction or a conjunctive word. An independent sentence as part of a complex sentence is called the main one, and a dependent sentence, subordinate to the main one in meaning and grammatically, is called a subordinate clause.

If you're in Myshkin(adverbial clause), go to the Efimkins(The main thing).

I want to find a pebble(The main thing), which you don't have(adverbial clause).

Complex sentences with various types of allied and non-union connections

If a complex sentence consists of three or more parts, then some of them can be connected using coordinating conjunctions, others - using subordinating conjunctions, and others - without conjunctions. Such a sentence is called a complex sentence with different types of conjunction and non-conjunction connections.

There was no one too strong vice in me that would have stood out more clearly than all my other vices, there was no picture-perfect virtue in me that could have given me some kind of picture-perfect appearance, but instead, I had a collection of all possible nasty things, a little bit of each, and in such a multitude that I have never seen before in any person. (N.V. Gogol).

(This is a complex sentence consisting of six simple ones, the parts of which are connected by subordinating, coordinating and non-conjunctive connections.)

To understand the meaning of such complex constructions, it is important to understand how the simple sentences included in them are grouped together.

For example:

1) [Sad I]: [there is no friend with me], (with whom I would drink the long separation), (whom I could shake hands from the heart and wish many happy years)(A. Pushkin).

A complex sentence can contain sentences with different types of conjunction and non-conjunction connections.

These include:

1) composition and submission.

For example: The sun set and night followed day without interval, as is usually the case in the south.(Lermontov).

(And is a coordinating conjunction, as is a subordinating conjunction.)

The outline of this proposal:

2) composition and non-union communication.

For example: The sun had long since set, but the forest had not yet died down: the turtle doves were murmuring nearby, the cuckoo was crowing in the distance.(Bunin).

(But - coordinating conjunction.)

The outline of this proposal:

3) subordination and non-union connection.

For example: When he woke up, the sun was already rising; the mound obscured him(Chekhov).

(When - subordinating conjunction.)

The outline of this proposal:

4) composition, subordination and non-union connection.

(And is a coordinating conjunction, so that is a subordinating conjunction.)

The outline of this proposal:

In complex sentences with coordinating and subordinating conjunctions, coordinating and subordinating conjunctions may appear side by side.

For example: The weather was beautiful all day, but as we approached Odessa, it began to rain heavily.

(But - a coordinating conjunction, when - a subordinating conjunction.)

The outline of this proposal:

Punctuation marks in sentences with different types of communication

As a rule, a comma is placed between simple sentences in complex sentences with different types of connections.

For example: (When he woke up), [the sun had already risen] ; [the mound obscured it].(The sentence is complex, with different types of connections: with non-union and union connections.)

Particular difficulties arise placement of punctuation marks at the junction of the composing And subordinating conjunctions (or coordinating conjunction and allied word). Their punctuation is subject to the laws of the design of sentences with coordinating, subordinating and non-conjunctive connections. However, at the same time, sentences in which several conjunctions appear nearby stand out and require special attention.

In such cases, a comma is placed between conjunctions if the second part of the double conjunction does not follow. then, yes, but(in this case the subordinate clause may be omitted). In other cases, a comma is not placed between two conjunctions.